جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "joint clearance" در نشریات گروه "مکانیک"

To create a relative movement between connected members in a mechanism, the presence of clearance in the joints is inevitable. In addition to raise errors in positioning accuracy, the presence of clearance is one of the most important factors in causing impact, shock, and thus the production of vibrations and sound during the operation of the mechanism. Tolerances and errors due to the process of design and construction, wear and corrosion of joints after a certain period of work and thermal effects are known as the most important sources in creating and increasing clearance. Obviously, if there is a clearance in the revolute joints, one or two degrees of uncontrollable freedom are added to the mechanism, which can be the source of the error. In this paper, the clearance effects of revolute joints on the kinematic behavior of a 3RPR parallel robot are examined. Parallel robots are modeled in the Adams Dynamic Analysis Software, and the simulation results are compared for two ideal (without clearance) and real mode (with clearance). The effects of joint clearance size and its effect on robot behavior are also evaluated. Numerical results show that by growing the size of the clearance, the values of velocity and acceleration increase dramatically.

A Spherical Parallel Mechanism (SPM) is used to rotate a body around a fixed point. Using type synthesis, different kinematic arrangements can be obtained for the robot with three degrees of rotational freedom. The most commonly used structure for this robot is the 3-RRR kinematic architecture which is an overconstrained parallel mechanism and causes several problems of mounting the mechanism, but has the advantage of having high rigidity thus a good accuracy. In this paper two non-overconstrained architectures 3-RRS and 3-RSR that are extracted from the type synthesis are compared with overconstrained one from accuracy point of view based on joint clearance. First, a method to obtain a model of moving platform pose (position and orientation) error based on joint clearance is introduced which leads to a standard convex optimization problem. Then maximum values of six components of the pose error are computed in more than 1000 different configurations within their workspace. It is shown that this displacement is configuration dependent. The obtained results revealed that the 3-RRR SPM has better position accuracy while in the case of orientation, the 3-RRS SPM has lowest maximum error between SPMs under study in the prescribed workspace. It can be concluded that non-overconstrained structures can be used instead of the overconstrained structure. Finally, a comparison was made between the performance indices and the method presented in this paper and results showed that the kinematic sensitivity index is most consistent with the accuracy of the robot.

The sensitivity of the moving platform of parallel mechanisms to the uncertainties in the design and control stages is of paramount importance. The mechanism has to be designed such that the negative effect of the foregoing errors is minimized. The latter issue has encouraged many researchers to derive and propose relevant indices being responsible for outputting a metric representing the kinetostatic performance of parallel mechanisms. Most of such indices entail severe drawbacks in the sense of leading to physically inapplicable interpretation, which was considerably alleviated by the emergence of kinematic sensitivity. Nevertheless, none of the studies heretofore has investigated the influence of the uncertainties in the passive joints on the kinetostatic performance. In other words, the assumption has always been that the aforementioned errors are negligible. This paper proposes a novel formulation for the kinematic sensitivity index, which, apart from that of the active joints, takes the effect of the uncertainties in the passive joints into account, and brings about the advantage that the mechanism can be optimized and improved in terms of kinetostatic performance, together with the workspace. The formulation, for the sake of illustration and verification, is also applied to the 4-bar linkage and 3-RPR parallel mechanisms, as well as the Tripteron robot. The results of the implementation of the proposed kinematic sensitivity index, which takes the effect of the uncertainties in the passive joints into account, show that the values associated with the case-studies considered in this paper fall within the intervals 1-2.4, 0.1-0.9 and 0.6-2.2, respectively.

In general, in dynamic analysis of mechanical systems, joints are assumed to be ideal. However, due to errors in fabrication and assembly of components, existence of joints clearances is an inevitable issue that caused frequent collisions between the journal and bearing and stable periodic behavior of system becomes chaotic. Degradation the dynamic performance of the system, reduction in fatigue life of components and produce undesirable vibrations are all of the factors resulted from impact- contact forces due to joint clearance. First, different contact force models for two surfaces has been introduced and dynamical models of revolute joint with clearance for two modes, namely, dry contact model and lubricated joint model is then presented. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of a slider- crank mechanism with a revolute joint clearance between the slider and connecting rod, using the Lankarani-Nikravesh contact force model is studied and compared to the ideal case. Considering the effect of friction between journal and bearing, governing equations of motion of the system for two phase, contact and non-contact modes are extracted and it is shown that system exhibits chaotic behavior under specified size of clearance. A fluid lubricant is used in clearance between journal and bearing for stabilizing an unstable periodic orbit embedded in the chaotic attractor.