جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « آبخوان قم » در نشریات گروه « مهندسی آب »

A realistic understanding of aquifer vulnerability to seawater intrusion is one of the important prerequisites for coastal aquifer management. The GALDIT method is a proper tool that, despite considering the qualitative, hydrogeological, and geological characteristics of the aquifer, has not considered the role of aquifer surface recharge. The Qom-Kahak study area is a part of the salt lake catchment, which is located in the arid and desert part of central Iran. Due to the shortage of surface and groundwater resources in the region, some of the drinking and industrial needs of Qom city are met from water outside the study area. This study, by adding the aquifer surface recharge parameter introduces the GALDITR model to evaluate the Qom aquifer vulnerability to saltwater intrusion from the Salt Lake. Then, the analytical hierarchy process method is used to review the weight of GALDITR model parameters according to the characteristics of the studied aquifer. Based on the obtained results, the high rank of the aquifer surface recharge parameter in a large part of the aquifer led to an increase in the area of moderate vulnerability of the GALDITR model compared to the GALDIT method. In the GALDITR-AHP model, the parameters of distance from the shore, groundwater level above the lake, and the impact of seawater intrusion gained more weight than other parameters, respectively. With increasing the low vulnerability area in the GALDITR-AHP model, the aquifer vulnerability near Qom city decreased. The vulnerability index of GALDITR-AHP, GALDITR, and GALDIT models showed the highest correlation with chloride ion values at observation points, respectively. The results showed that areas with high and moderate vulnerability in the eastern part of Qom aquifer covering about 14 % of the total aquifer area are more prepared for seawater intrusion and can be considered as the expansion of seawater wedge for monitoring and optimal management of coastal aquifer.

Groundwater is the only vital source of water for millions of people around the world and its contamination has dire impacts on human health, industrial activities, agriculture, and the environment. The drinking water in the City of Qom is supplied from neighboring water basins transferred by interbasin water transimission facilities and from water wells within the city. The growing demands and the consequent increasing water scarcity have augmented and foregrounded the significant role played by the water wells in this city. Nitrate as a widespread pollutant originates from human activities and the dumped wastes that lead to the gradual degradation of groundwater resources, which might go undetected for years. On the other hand, remediation of polluted aquifers is a formidable, cost-intensive, and, at times, impossible endeavor. In this study, groundwater resources in the city of Qom were investigated in terms of their nitrate concentration. For this purpose, 600 groundwater samples collected from 2006 to 2013 by the Qom Water and Sewage Company were used, 136 of which were found to be polluted with nitrate. In order to validate the data thus obtained and to identify the contaminated areas, additional samples were collected from 27 wells in December 2013 and subjected to the relevant analysis. The latter analysis revealed a mean nitrate concentration of 74 mg/L and a standard deviation of 37 mg/L, with nitrate contamination detected in 19 wells accounting for 70% of the sampling sites. Generally, the results indicate that the aquifers within the city of Qom suffer from nitrate contamination.