جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « kurdistan province » در نشریات گروه « مهندسی آب »

In this study, by using the technical-economic approach of virtual water and related indicators in 13 selected agricultural crops in the province of Kurdistan has been evaluated and analyzed.Water productivity is the inverse of virtual water consumption. Alfalfa had the lowest and tomatoes had the highest water productivity in crops. Walnuts and nectarines also had the lowest and highest water productivity among garden products.Crops implicitly exchange the lowest market value for water for consumption. Among these products, alfalfa has exchanged the lowest price range of water due to its special water consumption. Among crops and horticulture, potatoes and nectarines have the highest market productivity. The results showed that horticultural products have on average 9 times the market revenue of virtual water compared to agricultural products.Analysis of the relations test between the two variables of technical water efficiency and market value of virtual water consumed at the selected products in the province shows that their relationship is negative at 95% confidence level. In other words, products with more virtual water had lower prices and market value in the market. Both the lack of market value of water consumption and the amount of virtual water consumption show that the structure of the production system and cultivation pattern is not commensurate with the weight and size of water consumption of products and is even inverse.

The present research, by problematizing the water crisis in Iran and Kurdistan province, has tried to analyze the situation of institutional and public water transfer disputes as a solution to this crisis. In this regard,  the question of whether the transfer of water in the province has provided an opportunity for its development or if it has led to development bottlenecks, analyzing the debates and controversies of two institutional perspectives in the form of experts and managers of the regional water company of the province has been raised. Kurdistan and civil and environmental activists are concerned about the transfer of water from the west to the east of the province. Therefore, the sustainable development approach, which seeks the connection and interaction of the three spheres of society, economy and environment, has formed the theoretical basis of this research. The methodology is based on theoretical and experimental goals and position, while institutional ethnography is based on the experiences, knowledge, views of the interviewees [31 semi-structured interviews], and the review of statistics and documents related to the discussion of water, and its leading crisis has been water transfer in Kurdistan province. According to the analysis of 6 secondary categories, the results show that managers and experts consider climate change and natural obstacles to water exploitation as the basis of many conditions and obstacles to sustainable management of water resources, while activists focus on the weakness of sustainable management of water resources. They also emphasize, managers and institutional experts highlight the lack of integrated water management and the lack of funds as the basis of institutional weakness and the indifference of the academic elite and provincial representatives to the water issue, and the lack of bargaining power in allocating water to the province. They consider political issues and lack of public participation as the reason for this. And finally, it can be concluded that water transfer is not considered an opportunity but a bottleneck and challenge for the province's development.

Soil erosion and sediment yield from watersheds are among the key limitations to achieve sustainable use of land and to maintain the water quality in water bodies. Studying the soil erosion process and and evaluation of dominant factors on erosion is therefore considered fundamental in watershed management. The accurate measurement of sediment yield using sedimentgraph data is accordingly of major importance. The present research was conducted to analyze sedimentgr-aphs in Chehelgazi Watershed upstream Gheshlagh Dam basin in the Kurdistan province in Iran with an area of 27233 hectare. The hydrographs and sediment graphs of 11 storms from winter 2006 to spring 2007 were investigated. The results revealed that the sediment graphs with average sediment yield of 79.5647.93 tones followed the general trends in corresponding hydrographs. All hydrographs preceed the sedimentgraphs with an average lag of 2.941.04 hours.