جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ردپای آب آبی » در نشریات گروه « فنی و مهندسی »

Traditional patterns could be an effective solution for water consumption and pollution-related problems in the construction industry. However, the water footprint of traditional buildings in Iran has not been investigated. Iran has rich experience in constructing traditional buildings. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the grey and blue water footprints of the construction of traditional buildings in Iran with emphasis on different climate zones. The results are compared with modern buildings (concrete and steel). High-quality data related to 11 materials factories and 34 traditional buildings (stone, wood, clay, and brick) are presented. Blue and grey water footprints of building materialization are calculated using the water footprint network and life cycle assessment methods. The focus is on the structures of buildings. The grey and blue water footprints of modern structures are 327 times and 1.5 times larger than the grey and blue water footprints of traditional structures, respectively. Steel and cement production are influential parameters in the greywater footprint of modern structures. Employee meals have the greatest impact on the water footprint of traditional structures. The blue water footprint dominates the water footprint of traditional structures, which is 2.26 times larger than the greywater footprint. Stone structures have a blue water footprint of 0.85 m3/m2, which is dominated by the blue water footprint of employees' food (38.82%) at construction sites. They have a smaller blue water footprint than adobe and brick structures (1.41 - 1.42 m3/m2) and are close to the water footprint of wooden structures. The water footprint of brick structures is mainly influenced by the energy used (57.04%) for brick production. On the other hand, the greywater footprint dominates the blue water footprint of modern structures, which is 99.61 times larger than the blue water footprint. Steel structures have a blue water footprint of 1.86 m3/m2 and a greywater footprint of 208 m3/m2, the main pollutant of which is cadmium. Concrete structures have a blue water footprint of 1.60 m3/m2 and a greywater footprint of 137 m3/m2, with mercury as the main pollutant. From the water footprint viewpoint, it is better to use concrete structures than steel structures if both have suitable properties for the conditions they are used in. According to the results, the non-use of traditional buildings leads to an increase in water consumption and pollution.