جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شهرستان اردبیل » در نشریات گروه « کشاورزی »

The tourism industry is considered as a vital factor for the economy due to job creation and income generation. But tourism, along with positive effects, especially in the economic field, can sometimes have negative effects. Considering the negative effects caused by tourism, the concept of sustainable tourism was born, and among the many approaches for sustainable tourism, ecotourism was proposed as the most compatible type of tourism with the greatest potential. This form of tourism has a deep respect for people, tourist places and objects that are visited, and in it, a special emphasis is placed on protecting natural and cultural resources, involving local people in planning processes and creating prosperity for this. Among the tourism opportunities available in rural areas, the presence of natural attractions, pristine landscapes and suitable weather strengthens the ground for the development of ecotourism in villages more than other aspects of tourism development and as a complementary economy. Rural is a useful solution to reduce poverty and reduce migration from rural to the city and increase the level of welfare of rural people, and it can have an all-round effect on the lives of rural people. Considering the importance of ecotourism in national and regional development and the fact that Ardabil county as the center of Ardabil province is prone to develop ecotourism at the country level, and since it has unique ecotourism features and these features and advantages can be considered the basis of sustainable rural development of the city if planned, according to the importance of this part of tourism, the present research was conducted with the aim of determining the spatial performance of rural areas in terms of the ability to develop ecotourism in Ardabil county.

In terms of purpose and nature, the current research is of applied type and analytical and descriptive methods respectively. The geographical area under study is 52 rural points with a population of over 500 people from the three districts of Somrin (7 villages), Markazi (34 villages) and Hir (11 villages) in Ardabil county and the sample size is 50 students and professors of tourism to determine the importance of indicators. Quantitative data used in this research was obtained through the information contained in the birth certificates of the settlements published by the Deputy of Rural Development and Underprivileged Regions of the country and was analyzed using Guttman's model.

According to the results of Gutman's model, out of 52 studied villages, 3 villages have been evaluated at the tourism pole level, 21 villages at the center level and 28 villages at the tourism point level. In this way, 54 percent of the villages are at the level of tourist spots, and the average of these villages is less than 3.65, and 40 percent of the villages are at the level of tourist centers. As a result, the studied villages have not benefited from the benefits of ecotourism in the same way. Also, the results of the analysis of the poles of ecotourism by different parts of Ardabil county showed that the average of Somrin part is equal to 3.65 and according to this, Somrin village with an average of 6.56 and the highest score as a pole is in the central part of Ardabil county. Anzab Alia village with a score of 6.22 as a tourism hub and Hir section with an average of 3.96 has the best performance among other sections. In this part, Aralavi Bozorg village with the highest average which is equal to 6.44 can become a tourist hub if planned. Also, in the meantime, the village of Qezal Qiyah with a score of 5.33 has a high potential to change the function of the tourism center to a tourism hub.

Since all villages do not have the ability to develop in the field of tourism or this ability is very weak, it is necessary to select the villages that have a higher ability in the field of tourism than other villages with knowledge. According to the results of the village of Somrin, Anzab Alia and Aralvi Bozorg were chosen as the tourist hub of Ardabil county. Villages that have the function of tourism poles are the first priority for investment in the development of ecotourism. Tourism centers are those villages that, if strengthened, have the ability to become tourism hubs. There are 21 rural spots in Ardabil county. The tourism spot is considered as the third priority in the discussion of ecotourism development. Out of the 52 studied villages, 28 villages have the spatial function of a rural spot, which needs to be strengthened during a long-term planning. Also, among the three districts of Ardabil county, in terms of average, Hir district is in the first priority with an average of 3.96, Somrin district is in the second priority with an average of 3.65, and Central district is in the third priority with an average of 3.51.

The purpose of this study was use of model of programmed behavior in study of tendency and behavior of potato farmers towards use of integrated pest management.

To get the objective of research descriptive- correlation method and based on structural equation model was used.The statistical population included potato farmers in the central part of Ardabil county (N=3484). The sample size was estimated according Cochran's formula (200) and samples were selected using proportional multi-stage assignment. Data collection tool was a questionnaire consisting of 6 sections and 47 questions, the validity of which was confirmed based on the opinion of faculty members and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (for different sections from 0.82 to 0.93). Data were analyzed by two software SPSS and Lisrel.

According to results from structural equation analysis variables behavior tendency and control of perceived behavior predicts 82 percent of changes of variable potatos behavior towards integrated pest management.

As there is a significant correlation between behavior tendencies with behavior of potato farmers about integrated pest management it is suggested that scientific visits, demonstration farms, and extension and education classes on integrated pest management increased.

Labels and pictograms are the first sources of information for the safe use of pesticides. The aim of this study was to investigate intention and behavior of farmers towards pesticides' labels and pictograms in Ardabil county using the Theory of Planned Behavior. The statistical population was including all wheat and potato growers of the county (N= 4964). Using multistage random sampling method a sample of 200 farmers was selected and the necessary data were collected for the cropping year of 2018-2019. An standard questionnaire of theory planned behavior was used as the research instrument. However, some necessary modifications wad carried out in order to contextualize it. Content validity of the instrument was confirmed using faculty members and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. According to the results, respondents had a relatively positive attitude and powerful subjective norms and intention toward application of labels and pictograms. However, their actual application (behavior) was relatively poor. Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control showed positive and significant impacts on the intention to use. Perceived behavioral control had a positive and significant impact on behavior; but the impact of intention on behavior was not statistically significant. Constructs of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control explained 58% of variance in the behavioral intention towards labels and pictograms. Furthermore, perceived behavioral control and intention accounted for 63% of variance of actual behavior.

paper aims to study and analysis of effects good governance on sense of social security improvement in the rural areas of Ardabil County. This study is descriptive - analytical in terms of research methods, practical in terms of nature and is a library and field kind of research in terms of the type of data collection. The tool used in measuring the questionnaire was made by the researcher.Statistical society of research included all of villagers residing in the rural areas of Ardabil County (N=85053). In addition for determining sample size the villagers of residing in the rural areas of Ardabil county was used Cochran formula. Finally, the sample size of rural youth 383 was determined. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.74-0.88). For data analysis, SPSS software was used.The obtained results from descriptive findings show that between average of good governance components, average of transparency component (11.25) stand in the first order and average of law domination component (4.26) stand in the last order. And also, from between average of social security sense components, average of personal security (10.8) stand in the first order and average of Judicial security stand in the last order. Also, the results of research showed that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between all variables of research except for rule of law and effectiveness and efficacy variables and improvement of social security sense

Implementation of the Rural Development Plan aimed at providing a platform for rural revitalization and social, economic, physical and environmental aspects and equity and appropriate facilities, would provide relative prosperity and quality of life for villagers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of rural development plans on the quality of life of rural households in Ardabil city. The research method used in this study is descriptive-analytical and the statistical population of this study includes all heads of households living in rural areas of Ardabil city (6881 households). Simple random sampling method was selected and evaluated. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by relevant experts and its reliability was confirmed by pre-test and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.74). Statistical analysis of research data was performed using statistical software package (SPSS) and statistical tests of factor analysis and correlation analysis. In order to evaluate the factors affecting the quality of rural life, 15 variables were tested in three components using factor analysis model. The results of factor analysis showed that 68.49% of the total variance was attributed to the social and economic dimension affecting the quality of life of the villagers. Credit and financial services, security against natural disasters, poverty alleviation and motivation for career development are the four main factors affecting the quality of life in the study area. The lines dedicated to the rural development plan should not only focus on the autopsy of the villages but also a different plans must be appended on the social, economic and environmental conditions of different villages appended to it.

This paper aims to investigate the role of rural tourism on social security sense in the rural Areas in the Ardabil County. This study is descriptive - analytical in terms of research methods, practical in terms of nature and is a library and field kind of research in terms of the type of data collection. The tool used in measuring the questionnaire was made by the researcher. It can be said that studied population in this study consists of all villagers living in Sardabhe Dehstan, with using of simple random sampling and based Cochran formula, the appropriate amount for this research were selected which person 385. In addition, apposite of this smaple, for making equality at test and result, 385 of residing of villagers Dehstane lack tourism ‘Baleglou’ were selected as control group. The tool of measurement was made researcher questionnaire. The content and face validity of the instrument was specified after several times review and correction by the faculty of members at university and several expertise of administrative offices. The reliability analysis was conducted and Cronbach’s alpha values for the various sections of instrument were estimated to be between 0.80 and 0.83.The results of research by using of t test showed that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between variables of fincial security, job security, ethical security, civic security, reputation security, cultural security and emotional security and independent variable. Finally, based on the results analysis, some applied recommendations have been provided.

This research, to investigate of effective factors on Sustainability of wheat production system in Ardabil County in the 2013-2014 crop period was performed. Statistical population for study was 13728 individual from Ardabil farmers, which 311 individual from population as sample was chosen. Research data and necessitate information was gathered through field surveys and questionnaires complete by means of two-stage random sampling. Calculating for Sustainability index was achieved using the amount of inputs and investigating of affecting factors on sustainability of wheat production system was done by estimating a linear regression model. The results of this research showed that the sustainability by 29/9 % of farms was less than the mean and by 31/1% was higher than the mean, and in total, agricultures farms from the point of view Sustainability rate located in middle level. Obtained results of multivariate linar regression model exhibited that the variables for knowledge of sustainable agriculture, social participation, level of knowledge, the experience farming, and type of farming system displayed positive effect on Sustainability of wheat farms operation, while the number of wheat farming pieces, mechanized were significantly displayed negative effect on the Sustainability of wheat farms operation. However, its suggested that avoid to fragmentation of agricultural farms and to educate farmers in order to increase the sustainable knowledge of wheat cultivation, the necessary education must be trainied.

Cooperatives by strengthening social capital play an important role in improving the performance of social, cultural and the environmental institutions and improve the effectiveness of their role. The aim of this study was to compare social capital of active and inactive agricultural production cooperatives in Ardabil County of Iran. Survey research method was used in this study. All members of agricultural production cooperatives consisted the statistical population of the study (N= 2009). Using stratified random sampling method, a sample consisting 180 members of both groups of the cooperatives was selected for data collection. A researchers made questionnaire including four dimensions of social capital and demographic characteristics was used as instrument of the study. The instrument was validated by a panel of experts consisting faculty members and bureau of cooperative. Cronbach's alpha coefficients showed high reliability of the instrument (α= 0.720-0.938). Stratified random sampling was used. Based on the results, significant difference was found between active and inactive cooperatives in relation to all components of social capital and members of active cooperatives showed higher level of social capital than their counterparts in inactive co-ops. The status of most components of social capital in active cooperatives was in high-level and medium level was identified in inactive cooperatives. Based on the variables of gender, marital status, education levels and years of membership, significant difference was found between members of active co-ops.

Positive Psychological Capital is defined as the positive and developmental state of an individual as characterized by high self-efficacy, optimism, hope and resiliency. The main purpose of this paper is to explain the psychological capital effects on improvement of village farmer’s job satisfactions in the Ardabil County. The study sample consists of farmers in the Ardabil Province and 380 people were selected by convenience sampling. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula and the required data was collected through questionnaires. A questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaires face and content validity were confirmed by professors and experts, and its reliability was confirmed based on Cronbach's alpha (0.71-0.82). For data analysis, the SPSS software was used. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant correlation between all research variables and job satisfactions with the reliability of %95. Moreover, the variables of optimism, resiliency and self-efficacy contained %41 of dependent variables in linear multiple regression test. Finally, according to the results of analysis, practical suggestions are presented.

The main objective of this survey research was to investigate the performance of agricultural production cooperatives in Ardabil Township. The population for this study included all agricultural production cooperatives’ members. A random sampling technique was used to select 130 farmers to participate in this study. A panel of experts who were familiar with cooperatives performance reviewed the instrument for clarity and content validity. A pilot study was conducted with 30 farmers. Cronbach's alpha coefficient obtained 0.8. Results showed that despite highly training needs of farmers, the cooperatives lacked adequate performance to meet their needs. Also, most cooperatives had their highest performances in the planting stage,i.e. agrochemicals and improved seed preparation. However, farmer's highest training need was related to pre-planting services, such as land consolidation, canal repairmen, and improvement in irrigation systems. Based on the results, there was not a significant relationship between farmer's needs and cooperatives performance.