جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « raisins » در نشریات گروه « کشاورزی »

Raisin is one of the important export products in the agricultural sector, but there are several challenges in increasing the quality of raisins and their competition in foreign markets. The type of drying place and environmental conditions can have a great impact on the quality of raisins. In this study, the aim is to modify the traditional grape drying place, using intelligent heating plates. The seedless grape was harvested at two different times and prepared by two methods, natural (without pretreatment) and treated with alkaline solution and dried in traditional place with concrete floor and traditional place modified by control heating plates. The results showed that the drying time of non-treated raisins was 2.36 times of alkali-treated raisins and the drying time of traditional place was about 4.75 times of modified place. Also, the total count, coliform, molds and yeasts in the traditional drying place were higher, but the number of lactic acid bacteria was less than the modified method (P <0.05). In alkali-treated raisins, the total count, coliform and mold were lower, but the number of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts was higher than natural raisins (P <0.05). The results of sensory evaluation also showed that the color score of samples with alkali-treated raisins was significantly higher than other. The amount of energy consumed to prepare one kg of raisins in 21th September and 12th October was 0.98 and 1.78 kWh, respectively, and for natural raisins, this amount was 1.63 and 5.5 kWh, respectively. According to the results obtained in this study, it is possible to prepare raisins with high hygienic quality and desirable sensory properties by harvesting grapes in a timely and drying in the place with intelligent heating plates

Increasing of producers’ knowledge in any field requires a correct understanding of that field. The purpose of this descriptive correlation study was to identifying of these factors. The statistical population consist all 2462 grape growers in Takestan Township which 240 of them were selected based on Cochran sampling formula and applying randomized stratified sampling method. The validity of research tool was verified by a panel of related experts. A pilot study was conducted and calculated Cronbach alpha coefficient was at the appropriate level (higher than 0.7 for different composite indexes). The finding revealed that respondents had a mediocre and lower knowledge (M=0.49).they had good knowledge of before planting grapes (M = 0.72) and had the least knowledge about the packaging and storage of raisins (M = 0.38). The attitude of grape growers toward production and packaging of raisin was relatively neutral (M=3.02). The extent of using of extension and education services was moderate (M=2.51) and among 13 information resources which they were using, the expert grape grower of village ranked as first. There was a positive meaningful correlation between grape grower's knowledge and their work experience, the extent of using extension and education services and the extent of information channels.

Raisin is one of the most important agricultural products in Iran. Iran after the Turkey and America countries is the third largest exporter of raisin in world. Using the indices of export advantage, import advantage, concentration ratios and the Herfindahl-Hirschman, have been analyzed to check the state trade and market structure of export and import of raisin product in the world during 2001-2011. Results indicate that the structure of export markets have been Monopoly Multilateral Closed in the period, but it has become more competitive in 2011 than in 2001. Import market structure has been with fluctuation, so that in some years it opens multilateral monopoly and has become more competitive. Based on the results obtained observed Iran's raisin has export advantage in this period. Another noteworthy is the negative growth of Iran's export advantage (-6.8%), while America and Chile have positive growth. Correlation results in Iran's export advantage to competitors show that there is no correlation between Iran and rival nations. The correlation results of export advantage of Iran and competitors with import advantage of the top superior importers showed that with enhancement of Canada's import advantage increases Iran's export advantage. It is noteworthy, raisins export advantage of Turkey and America has positive correlation with import advantage of Canada that is serious rivals for Iran in market development in Canada. Also, Iran with Russia and Belgium has negative correlation that indicative weaken the Iran competitive power is in the markets these countries. According to results of this study, it is suggested, Iran with use of agents marketing and appropriate policies of price and trade, his export share kept in target markets and follow to find new markets to development export share of Iran’s raisins in world.

The current study was conducted to evaluate target markets of Iran raisins. Results indicate that Britain, Germany, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, Netherlands, Canada, Kazakhstan, UAE, Ukraine, Russia, Peru, Japan, Poland, Colombia, Panama, Iceland, France, Lithuania, Ecuador, Norway, Belarus and Sweden have the highest priority among importing countries of raisins, respectively. Target importer’s market structure is indicative that market structure of all importers have was closed oligopoly that market of 15 countries are associated with dominate of exporters. Iran in markets of East Europe blocks (Russia, Ukraine and Poland) and its largest trading partner (UAE), Turkey in the European developed markets (UK, Germany, Netherlands and France) and Oceania markets (Australia and New Zealand), United States of America developed markets in Europe, Asia and America (Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Japan and Canada) and Panama, Chile also in the markets of South America (Peru, Colombia and Ecuador) and Lithuania have the highest share of exports. Results indicate that, Iran in among major exporters has less stability in the share of exports, export prices and export advantage. With investigate the various factors like the ultimate consumer, geographical advantage and weak competition in target markets, this result was obtained that Iran in Markets of Lithuania, Kazakhstan, Russia, Poland, Ukraine and UAE has the highest priority. Countries of Colombia, Peru, Japan, Ecuador, Norway, Sweden, Panama and Iceland considering the lack of geographical advantage and the presence of other export powers arent targeted in the short run.

Exchange rate volatility is one of the effective and ambiguous factors in agricultural product export. Considering the importance of agricultural trade to avoid single-product economy, the main aim of this study was to investigate the impact of exchange rate volatility on the Raisin export of Iran during the years1959-2011. For this purpose, exchange rate volatility index was estimated using Moving Average Standard Deviation (MASD). Then, the impact of exchange rate volatility on the value of Raisin export was examined using Johansen's and Juselius's cointegration method and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM).The results showed that in the long-term and short-term there is a significant relationship between Raisin exports and its main variables (weighted average of Gross income of importers, Wholesale Prices, real exchange rate, Value-added of agricultural sector); as according to the theory it has negative relationship with exchange rate volatility. The error correction coefficient sentence ECM (-1) significantly and its sign was negative as expected. The value of this coefficient is equal to the -0/20 and indicates that about 20 percent of Raisin exports imbalance from its long-term value, after of a period will be Elapse.

This province contain 35494 hectare of under cultivation area of fertile grape and annual grape production of 348000 ton, has allocated the second ranked in country. In this regard, due to the market of raisin & grape product of province , constantly was undergoing of price and income fluctuations and this fact has been concerned to gardeners ,the aim of this study is recognizing effective factors on reducing marketing cost and effective on market margins selecting appropriate path marketing and review of manufacturing problem in raisins & grape product in province and strategies to improved the market mechanism, reduction in income and price risks and express the necessary tools toward to control the risks due to increased supply, price reduction and income reduction of gardener. The research method is measurement and it will be exist in various level of marketing network. The analysis also will be performed by spss software. Results show that farmers have less profit & income of production. Marketing services aren’t optimum. The best marketing chanel is rural cooperative.

This research was conducted to identify the best cultivar of grape in different type of court to make healthy and clean raisins. The grape cultivars were (Vitisvinifera cv. BidaneSefid and Vitisvinifera cv. Asgari) with eight kind of raising court (Greek, Azerbaijani, Noorin, Fallah, California, and Home, garden, concrete and mud). The current research was carried out in the grape research station of Takestan, Qazvin State. A factorial experiment was carried out based on randomize complete block design (RCBD) by four replication in two years. There were some parameters were evaluated such as weighting of 100 raising, marketing rate, raisin uniformity, Colour, taste, raisin size, texture, etc. Based on the results, clean and sanitary raisin with high quality and quantity produced in the sanitarian court. While construction sanitary court needed high cost, but it affordable due to using in a long time working. The best courts were house, garden, California, Noorin, Greek, Fallah , concrete, and Azerbaij in term of quality but the following court; Azerbaijani, California, Greek, Noorin, Fallah, Home garden, mud were the best in term of economic evaluations.