جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "silicate" در نشریات گروه "کشاورزی"

Silicate (Si) has potential effects on crops under different stresses. It can affect biochemical and physiological parameters and reduce drought stress destructive effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Si on morphological and biochemical traits under drought stress in two rice cultivars of Local Tarom and Shiroodi. The experiment was organized in completely randomized blocks in a factorial design. Silica treatments included potassium silicate, calcium silicate and a combination of the two at the rates of 0 and 350 kg/ha. Drought stress at the time of cluster emergence and stress during redistribution and water scarcity (soil matric potential of -0.05 MPa) with three replications. Under the conditions of water shortage, stem and seed silica, stem cellulose, and lignin were increased. After silicon treatment, some morphological characteristics such as plant height, harvest index, and grain yield. After the application of silica, leaf blast disease decreased (34%) compared to control. Water stress conditions showed adverse effects on fertile tillers, number of tillers per plant, number of panicles and number of seeds per panicle. The two rice cultivars significantly differed in plant height, panicle length, number of effective tillers, number of panicles per plant, flag leaf chlorophyll, harvest index, the Uptake of copper, manganese, nitrogen, and biochemical traits. The combined effect of water stress on the two cultivars studied did not significantly differ, and therefore, both could be suggested for cultivation under water stress conditions. The results showed the potential effect of silica in alleviating water stress impact, and thus silica treatment may be recommended to increase drought stress tolerance in rice plants.

Strawberry is one of the important small fruits worldwide because of its high economical value. Mazandaran is ranked second among Iran’s strawberry prodcing provinces with about 14581 tones of strawberry yearly. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of different silicon sources on the reproductive and vegetative growth of strawberry in an outdoor hydroponic system.

This experiment carried out in a factorial format with two factors consisting of growth media (double medium: 1 cocopeat + 1 perlite, and triple medium: 1 cocopeat + 1 perlite + 1 rice husk) and silicon spray (control, 50 mg/L Si from sodium silicate, 100 mg/L Si from sodium silicate, 50 mg/L Si from potassium silicate, 100 mg/L Si from potassium silicate). It was performed in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University at 2016. Different characteristics including silicon concentration in the leaf, aerial fresh and dry weight, leaf number, fresh and dry weight of crown, fresh and dry weight of root, yield, weight of single fruit, number of the produced fruits in each plant were evaluated.

Potassium silicate 100 increased silicon concentration of strawberry leaf significantly. Leaf number of the plant and aerial dry weight in triple medium were significantly higher than the double medium. High rate of potassium silicate in the triple medium caused lower crown diameter in comparison with potassium silicate 50 in the same medium. However, in the double medium, the potassium silicate 50 was the best treatment for crown diameter.  Both fresh and dry weight of strawberry roots were the highest in the double medium and potassium silicate 50 treatment. Single fruit weight was maximum in the double medium and potassium silicate 100, which was not significantly different from potassium silicate 100 in triple medium. Fruit dry matter in the double medium and potassium silicate 50 treatments was more than other treatments. Fruit size was affected by medium, so that fruit size in the double medium was more than the triple medium significantly.

Sodium toxicity in sodium silicate treatment, low rate of silicon in potassium silicate 50 treatment, and lack of rice husk in the double medium could all negatively affect different physiological aspects of strawberry growth; or at least, they hindered achieving positive results. In summary, it can be concluded that the double medium and potassium silicate 100 can be recommended for higher yield and big strawberry fruit, but the triple medium and potassium silicate are useful treatments for vegetative growth specially for more crown diameter and root growth.

The superabsorbent polymers are petroleum derivatives which used to increase the efficiency of water storage in the root zone under dry conditions. This study examined the effect of two A200 superabsorbents and retention of moisture and lime on pasture Atriplex canescens in the deserts of Eshtehard Area. Three levels different level of 0, 10 and 20 g L-1 superabsorbent in the two treatments of irrigated and non-irrigated blocks were applied. The results showed a progressive effect of superabsorbent on soil moisture. Application of both superabsorbent have positively increased the seedlings establishment, viability and other experimental parameters (plant height , canopy diameter, large , small diameter, canopy cover, number of stems main tree , the tree canopy area, canopy trees) of Atriplex canescens. The findings illustrated that application of 10 g L-1 superabsorbent A200 has the best result on the Atriplex canescens species.