جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سطوح آبگیر » در نشریات گروه « آب و خاک »

Iran is facing shortage of water resources due to the climate in which it is located. Since large areas of urban surfaces are Impenetrable streets, the volume of water harvested from these surfaces is significant and can reduce the pressure on water resources and meet a large portion of the non-potable demands, it also prevents the spread of pollution caused by overflows and backlogs in surface water collection facilities and uneconomic increase of their volumes.
In this paper, the design of rainwater harvesting system from asphalt surfaces was carried out with the aim of meeting part of the green space demand of Tarbiat Modares University faculty of agriculture, using drone images. For this purpose, available data of 22 years of daily precipitation and 761 aerial images were obtained using DJI Phantom3 Professional drone. Then, the digital elevation map of the case study was prepared and to determine the runoff direction, the basin of the area was carried out in the GIS. Reliability percentage and overflow ratios of the tanks were estimated for each level for different tank volumes. Then the optimal volume of each tank was determined using genetic algorithm.
The results showed that due to the topographic status of the faculty street surfaces, the runoff from them could not be collected in one tank, so 4 tanks A, B, C and D with optimized volumes of 6.15, 3.46, 1 and 20 cubic meters were considered in different parts of the street surfaces, respectively.
With designing rainwater harvesting systems, a significant amount of rainwater can be stored for non-potable consumption.

Due to potable water shortage، groundwater pollution and an increase in water demand as a result of population growth، many Iranian communities، especially the coastal cities، are facing water crisis. Rainwater collection from the rooftops of residential buildings in towns and villages for non-potable water and greenery irrigation demand would be a practical solution to reduce the growing crisis of water supply for citizens. As the wide examples of ​impervious surfaces of cities are formed by the rooftops، the volume of rainwater harvested from the area is significant، which could be considered as a valuable alternative in water resources management. The rooftop rainwater harvesting system and the water tanks’ performance for storage and enhancement of daily non-potable water demand were analyzed in residential buildings in four coastal cities، namely Rasht، Gorgan، Bushehr and Bandar Abbas. Results of this study showed that if the tanks’ volume and daily non-potable water demand of residents calculated based on the physical and hydrological conditions of buildings، then rainwater storage in them would reach its maximum and the water demand. Large and small tanks could supply satisfied for a longer time. At least 75% of the non-potable water demand in 70 and 50 percent of the year، respectively in the City of Rasht. This will be 39% and 32% for the City of Gorgan، 15% and 11% for the City of Busher، and 10% and 7% for the City of Bandar Abbas.