جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "صفات فیزیولوژیک" در نشریات گروه "آب و خاک"

One of the major issues facing arid and semi-arid regions is the water crisis, which has been exacerbated by recent droughts. Limited water resources in these areas require the use of unconventional waters such as wastewater to irrigate urban landscape plants and the agricultural sector. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of raw and treated wastewater on some characteristics of landscape plants Lavandula in irrigation by using permeable tubes. The experiment was performed as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the research site of Yazd Taft Wastewater Treatment Plant. Experimental treatments included type of irrigation water (well water, raw wastewater and treated wastewater) and irrigation method (subsurface using permeable tubes and surface irrigation). The results showed that the effect of interaction between irrigation water type and irrigation method on SPAD reading at 5% level and on ion leakage was significant at 1% level in Lavandula. Based on the results, SPAD reading and water use efficeincy in lavender were obtained by using raw wastewater by subsurface irrigation method. According to the results of this study, the municipal wastewater can be used in a subsurface method to irrigate landscape plants.

Proper management and use of agricultural waste is one of the important strategies for sustainable development of agriculture in Iran. Given that most of the country is covered by arid and semi-arid lands, rapid decomposition of organic matter and its deficiency in soil is one of the problems of agriculture and natural resources, preventing the waste from being burnt and making optimum use of it can both compensate for the lack of soil organic matter and reduce environmental pollution. Considering the high durability of biochar in soil, a useful strategy for organic waste management is use of biochar on agricultural land to provide organic matter for plant growth and as a modifier to improve soil properties. Due to the expansion of pistachio cultivation in central Iran, pruning of its branches results in considerable amounts of waste annually, which is usually burned to prevent pest spread. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pistachio waste on growth characteristics of safflower.

In order to investigate the effect of biochar on growth characteristics of safflower, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. Biochar treatment prepared from pistachio wood at 500 ° C under low oxygen conditions was studied at four levels of 0, 1, 2 and 4%. by weight. At the end of the growth period, plants were collected and leaf area, leaf length and width, number of yellow, green leaves and total, internodes distance, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, stem height, germination time from planting, relative leaf water content, Ion leakage percentage, leaf chlorophyll index, sodium, potassium and phosphorus concentration and sodium to potassium concentration ratio were measured. Data were analyzed in SAS software and mean comparisons were made using Duncan test at 5% level.

The results showed that the effect of biochar treatment on leaf area, fresh and dry weight of plants, root dry weight, plant height, leaf chlorophyll, ion leakage percentage, leaf relative water content, sodium, phosphorus and potassium concentration and sodium to potassium concentration ratio were significant. However, the effect of this treatment on leaf length and width indices, number of green and yellow leaves and their total, root fresh weight, internodes distance and germination time was not significant. Mean comparison showed that the highest leaf area (413.25 mm 2), root dry weight (1.17 g), fresh weight (3.79 g) and plant dry weight (0.89 g), plant height (0.25 g). 52 cm), relative leaf water content (89.2%), potassium concentration (2.81%) and phosphorus (0.24%) were obtained at the highest biochar level (4% by weight). Also, the highest leaf chlorophyll index content (53.8%) was observed in one percent biochemical treatment and the highest ion leakage (81.75%), sodium concentration (3.35%) and sodium to potassium ratio (1.63) were observed in control treatment. .

This study showed that the use of biochar can improve the morphophysiological properties and concentration of essential elements such as phosphorus and potassium in the aerial parts of safflower, and in this regard, the amount of biochar consumption is important. According to Biochar analysis in terms of nutrients and carbon content, it seems that Biochar application may improve the nutritional status of these elements in soil and also increase Soil moisture storage capacity due to high content of Biochar organic carbon, it Provide a more suitable environment for plant growth and thereby improve growth indicators. Therefore, if the pistachio and other agricultural products waste are used properly as biochar, compensates a part of the lack of organic matter in the soils of dry areas and environmental pollution can be prevented.

In order to study the effect of NaCl priming on some agronomical and physiological traits of corn (single cross 704), an experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station of Bahonar University of Kerman in 2005. The experimental design was completely randomized designs with 3 replications. Treatments were a combination of all different levels of two factors including salinity levels (1, 4, 8, 12, 16 dS/m) and salinity solution for NaCl priming (1, 4, 8, 12, 16 dS/m). Results showed that salinity and NaCl priming had significant effects on total emergence, mean time to emergence, root and stem length, number of leaf, relative water content, ion leakage and K+/Na+. Mean comparison showed that increasing salinity decreased all plant characteristics (with the exception of mean time to emergence and ion leakage) by %49.5, %33.49, %23.97, %18.64, %14.05 and %40.20, respectively. However, increasing salinity led to 1.2 and 1.3 increase in mean time to emergence and ion leakage of leaves, respectively. Mean comparison also showed that NaCl priming decreased negative effects of salt stress, and all mentioned traits under NaCl priming increased as compared with control. The results showed that NaCl priming is a useful method for increasing salt tolerance in corn plant.

To determine the role of endophytes in conferring valuable physiological characteristics on and induction inducing cold tolerance in two species of festuca, an experiment was done at Isfahan University of Technology in 2002. Endophyte-infected and non-infected clones from two genotypes of tall fescue and one meadow fescue were prepared and coded 75,83 and 60 respectively. The clones were exposed to cold treatments at 6, -2 and –10C and compared with control treatment at 20C. After three weeks of cold treatments, relative water content of leaf and crown, cell membrane stability (electrolyte leakage), percentage of membrane damage and finally proline content of leaf were measured. The presence of endophyt caused an slight increase in relative water content of leaf and crown. There was considerably higher proline in endophyte-infected plants compared with non-infected ones in both stress and non-stress conditions. Endophytic fungi had strong effects on maintenance of membrane stability and on the decrease of electrolyte leakage at all temperature levels. Among plant genotypes, 83 preformed better for some characteristics, specially in the presence of endophyte, and showed higher cold tolerance.