جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مزوفون » در نشریات گروه « آب و خاک »

In order to investigate the diversity and population fluctuations of soil mesofauna (Acari and Collembola) of conifers (cypress and pine trees) at Ilam province, Iran, soil samples monthly (0–5 and 5–10 cm) were collected during September 2018 to September 2019. The soil mesofauna were extracted using a Berlese funnel and they were counted and identified. The number of arthropods was compared in different soil layers and in different seasons of the year. The analysis of variance of data showed that soil layers and seasons had significant effect on the population densities of soil mesofauna in both cypress and pine trees (P≤0.01), but their interaction did not vary significantly. Based on the means comparisons, the highest and the lowest values of population density of soil mesofauna were ​​belonged to cypress trees with values of 26.5±8.22 (at autumn) and 0.74±0.15 (at summer). In addition, based on the mean comparison, the highest and the lowest amount of population density of soil mesofauna in pine trees were 4.31±1.26 (at autumn) and 0.63±0.14 (at spring). Diversity of arthropods was calculated by using biodiversity indices. The results showed that the most diversity of species based on Shannon-Wiener and Simpson indices observed in seasons and sampling area (cypress and pine trees) with values of 3.77 and 0.97 for pine and summer time and the least diversity detected with 2.44 and 0.83 for cypress and spring time, respectively. Also, the highest amount of species richness of Margalef (11.68) related to the soil of pine trees in autumn season and lowest amount (7.89) related to the soil of cypress trees in spring season. The highest values ​​of Pielou evenness index (0.97) related to soil of pine trees in summer time and lowest value (0.64) related to the soil of cypress trees in spring time. Generally, the calculated biodiversity indices in the soil of pine trees were higher than in the soil of cypress trees, which could be more widely used in the forestry system

Soil mesofauna have important role in different ecosystems by organic matter breakdown and improvement nutrient cycling. Different types of land uses through variations in inputs of organic matter contents affect soil mesofauna communities and their habitation. The aim of this project was to study the effect of three kinds of land uses including forest (oak trees), agriculture (wheat) and pasture (different pasture species) on population and diversity of the soil mesofauna and on physical and chemical properties of the soil in Cheharmaleh and Tolomeh region in Ilam province. According to the results, the kind of land uses have a significant effect (α = 0.01) on all soil chemical and physical properties, indicating the importance of different land uses on soil characteristics in the study area. The soil depth for the top (0-10 cm) and sub (10-30 cm) layers also showed a significant effect (α = 0.01 and 0.05) on most of the soil properties. For example, the soil depth had no significant effect on lime content (TNV) from chemical properties and SP or silt percentage from physical properties. Interaction of the soil depth and the land use had significant effect on pH and EC at 1% level and on P and K at 5% level. In contrast, this interaction had significant effect on some physical characteristics such as porosity and clay percentage at 1% level and on SP, FC, BD and the sand percentage at 5% level. With respect to arthropods in the soil mesofauna, 24 species and 15 different families from insects, mites and pseudo scorpions were identified and collected. There was a significant effect on the insects and mites of the soil mesofauna affected by the land use and soil depth factors. In addition, there was a significant effect on all arthropods orders by different land use and soil depth, with the exception of beetles order. Based on the soil mesofauna communities, the most density of the insects found in the top layer of the forest soil and the least one in the sublayer of the range soil. The most density of mites was found in the top layer of the forest soil and the least one in the sublayer of the agricultural soil. The most density of mites and collembolan communities were found in the top and sub layers of the forest soil.