جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « benefit to cost ratio » در نشریات گروه « آب و خاک »

In order to investigate the response of safflower cultivars to different levels of soil P for its optimum use, this study was carried out in Darab, Isfahan, Dezful, and Kerman regions as a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design in three replications in two cropping seasons (2015-2016). The first factor was cultivar (Padideh and Goldasht cultivars for Isfahan and Darab and Goldasht and Soffe for Kerman and Dezful) and the second factor was different rates of triple super phosphate (TSP) including zero, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg.ha-1. The soil available phosphorus in Isfahan was 10.2, Darab 11, Kerman 7 and Dezful 7.18 mg kg-1. Based on the results, the effect of cultivar on safflower seed yield in Isfahan and Dezful was significant (p<0.01) and (p<0.05), respectively, but in Darab and Kerman, the difference between the two cultivars was not significant. The effect of TSP rate on grain yield in all four regions was significant (p<0.01).  The interaction effect effects of cultivar-phosphorus on the grain yield was significant only in Isfahan region (p<0.05). In Isfahan and Dezful, the highest yield was obtained from the Goldasht at the rate of 50 kg.ha-1, significantly different than the control. In Kerman, the highest seed yield was obtained from Goldasht and at 150 kg ha-1 TSP, significantly different than other treatments. With the application of TSP in Darab, Dezful and Isfahan, 20%, 78%, and 28%, increase in grain yield was observed compared to the control, respectively. The best benefit-to-cost ratio in Darab and Kerman regions was obtained from Goldasht for 100 and 150 kg.ha-1 TSP, respectively, while in Dezful and Isfahan it was obtained for 150 kg ha-1 TSP in Soffeh and Padideh, respectively. In general, for safflower in warm regions with soil available P of 10 mg kg-1, 50 kg.ha-1 TSP and for areas with soil available P of 7 mg.kg-1, 150 kg ha-1 TSP can be recommended.

The semi-portable sprinkler irrigation system is a base irrigation system in the irrigation network of tropical region in Ilam province. The climatic condition of tropical regions of Ilam, especially Mehran plain, is such that the average wind speed in May to September is more than 16 km/h and the use of sprinkler irrigation due to high temperature, low relative humidity and high wind speed faces to a severe limitations. For this purpose, it is necessary to develop a system that is able to cover land in summer planting which is not suitable for sprinkler irrigation. The objective of this research was to study the hydraulic and economic feasibility of switching sprinkler irrigation systems into drip tape irrigation (integrated) in summer planting. For this purpose, different scenarios for developing of infrastructures required for converting sprinkler irrigation to drip tape irrigation system were designed and then these scenarios were analyzed in terms of hydraulic (Water-GEMS software) and economic factors. The results showed that the cost of provision and implementation of infrastructure for converting sprinkler irrigation to drip tape irrigation system is ranged between 15.1 to 15.8 million Rials (5.7 % total costs of the Sub-network) and the annual operating cost is 19 million Rials. Development of integrated irrigation systems at 12350 hectares of arable lands, will save water consumption by 8.85 MCM and increase net revenues from 145709 to 165731 million Rials.

Tomato is one of the major agricultural products in Fars Province. Previous studies show that the tomato farms under current irrigation systems lose a large volume of water with low water productivity. In the present study, the irrigation requirement and the influence of different irrigation regimes on the yield and water productivity of three cultivars of tomato was studied. The farm under study was located in Marvdasht plain, with a heavy soil texture. The irrigation water was applied based on 60%, 80%, 100%, and 120 percent of Penman Montieth water requirement method, under drip irrigation system. Another treatment was considered and irrigated by the farmer management. Benefit-cost ratio and benefit-cost difference was calculated for economic analysis. Results show that the obtained yield increased with irrigation water while water productivity decreased. The irrigation volumes of water used for the treatments were about 3900 to 7800 cubic meters per hectare. However, only the differences between the treatments 60% and 120% were statistically significant. Economic evaluations showed that the tomato production was not economical with tomato price equal to 2500 Rials, while the water price varies from zero to 6000 Rials. In this situation, the benefit-cost ratios varied from 0.78 to 0.68, respectively. Increase in price of tomato could improve the benefit-cost ratio.

In order to estimate the production function of canola and Indian mustard under low irrigation, a factorial experiment was conducted based on completely random blocks in three replications during two growing seasons, 2013 and 2014, in the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station of Zahak, Sistan and Baluchistan province , Iran. The tested factors were the irrigation regime at three levels (irrigation after 50%, 70%, and 90% of soil moisture depletion by the plant, SWD); potassium rate at three levels of application (0, 150, and 250 kg potassium sulfate/ha), and their interaction effect on two species of the Brassica genus including oilseed rape (Hyola hybrid 401) and mustard (the native cultivar of India). In this paper, the effects of low irrigation on production functions, costs, profits, and revenue of both Hindi Rape and mustard were investigated. Four tyip types of production function were considered including Quadratic, Traonlog, Cobb-Douglas and Leontieof. And by using econometric tests, the best form of function in terms of its processing fitness in rape and mustard was identified as the quadratic function. The economic analysis results showed that 70% SWD treatment and 90% SWD with application of 250 kg potassium sulfate fertilizer, respectively, had the highest profit in terms of the consumed water and the benefit to cost ratio, so, they were introduced as the superior treatments in production of canola and mustard.

Economical profit is one of the important factors، persuading farmers to plant a specific crop. So، in addition to qualitative and quantitative land suitability evaluation، economical one can be carried out as well، based on net or gross profit per surface area unit. The present research was done to evaluate land suitability، economically، by different methods for maize around Shahrekord city. In this regards، economical land suitability evaluation was carried out، using «internal rate of return»، «gross profit»، «net present value» and «benefit/cost ratio» methods. These methods are included in the ALES program. For model making in this program، a data base، including soil units، land characteristics، maize growth requirements، yield، discount rate، constant and variable costs and return of one weight unit of maize was established and then economical land suitability classes were determined. The results showed that as the «net present value» method is used، most of the land units are classified as S2. As the other three methods are used، all of the land units are classified as S1. Economical suitability class، determined based on «gross profit» method، without using ALES program، in 40% of the land units is S2 and in 60% of them is S1. The results of the economical land suitability classification، based on «net present value» method، using ALES program، is more in agreement with the results of qualitative land suitability classification of the study area that in a previous research، was done based on just physical land characteristics.