جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "farm water management" در نشریات گروه "آب و خاک"

Iran is located in the dry belt of the earth and its rainfall is one third of the global average. Therefore, proper management of water resources is necessary, especially in the agricultural sector. For this purpose, in 2022, a research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of several soil amendments in Khorram Abad region, in the research farm of Lorestan University. The experiment was factorial with a randomized complete block design in three replications. Treatments were irrigation water at 4 levels of I1=100%, I2=80%, I3=60%, and I4=40% of the water requirement and different soil moisture amendments including vermicompost (C) 6 t/ha, biochar (B) 1.5 t/ha, superabsorbent (S) 63 kg/ha, and organic mulch (M) 7.5 t/ha and the control treatment (I). Results showed that the highest productivity, biological yield, and plant height were related to I1-C treatment, which were 126.71 t/ha, 46.27 t/ha and 2.35 meters, respectively. The highest water productivity and biological productivity at the probability level of 5% was I2-C, which was calculated as 16.79 kg of fresh fodder/m3 of irrigation water and 5.9 kg of dry matter/m3 water. In general, vermicompost and biochar also increased the fresh and biological yield, height, and water productivity of corn. The use of mulch in 100% and 80% treatments had better effect, but with the increase in water stress (i.e. I3 and I4), effect of mulch decreased (5.3% and 1% relative to the control). Superabsorbent in I100, I80, I60 treatments showed lower effect (9.3%,7.2%, 3% less fresh weight than the control, respectively). However, with increasing stress, I4 had better results (7.6% higher fresh yield than the control). Therefore, in Khorram Abad region, the amount of 6 t/ha of vermicompost and 80% of the water requirement applied by drip tape irrigation for fodder corn is recommended to increase the production rate while saving 20% of water consumption.

Calculation and estimation of evapotranspiration is one of the most important parameters of water management in agricultural engineering projects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the models of gene expression programming (GEP), group method of data handling (GMDH), and Multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) to estimating daily reference evapotranspiration. For this purpose, daily data recorded during the last 25-year period (1993-2017) of Aligudarz region (located in the east of Lorestan province) were used. 80% of the data were used for training and the remaining 20% for testing the models. The modeling results showed that only with the maximum temperature and average wind speed can evapotranspiration be estimated with very good accuracy. The error indices of GEP model in testing stage are , the error indices of MARS and GMDH models are .  Comparing the performance of the models showed that the March model performed better than the other models.

This research was performed to improve water productivity by changing a number of farmers' field practices such as tillage, dimensions of the irrigation borders, using newly released plants varieties, and improving fertilizer management in eight farms located in the Oskoo, Ajabshir, and Bonab cities, all parts of the eastern Uromieh Lake Basin, during 2015-2016 growing season. The adopted farm practices were applied in the treatment farms, while in the control farms, all the farming operations were implemented according to the local traditional practices. In all farms, the flow rates diverted to each farm, the soil moisture content in the root zone during the growing season, and indices related to the growth and yield of crops were measured. The indices of water productivity (WP), water use efficiency (WUE) and water economic productivity (WPe) were calculated. Water consumption was lower up to 9% while crops yields of the treatment farms were higher up to 34%, as compared with the control farms. According to the results, on average, implementation of applied technologies in the treatment farms increased WP, WUE, and WPe by 38%, 31%, and 56 %, respectively, as compared to the control farms.

Using saline water for irrigation of crops is a strategy for irrigation water management. In this study, the cyclic application of saline and non-saline water was investigated. Field experiments were carried out during a growing season in 2012 under drip irrigation for maize crop with nine treatments in randomized complete block design in Karaj. The treatments were based on alternative irrigation management of saline and non-saline water on three salinity levels of 0.4, 3.5 and 5.7 dS/m and freshwater application in every one, three and five saline water application (1:1, 3:1 and 5:1, respectively). The 1:1 management was better than the other managements in terms of crop yield. The results showed that while the highest wet weight yield (56.2 t ha-1) was obtained in the F treatment (irrigation with non-saline water constantly), but the highest irrigation water use efficiency based on wet weight (14.9 kg m-3) was acquired in the 3S1:1F treatment (thrice saline water (3.5 dS m-1) and once non-saline water, alternatively). Thus irrigation water use efficiency was increased in cyclic using of saline and non-saline water because of less water use in saline irrigations, despite the relative reduction of crop yield. The results indicated that the percentage of crop yield decreased by 10.3 for every 1 dS m-1 increase in salinity level of irrigation water in fixed management. In this study, the crop yield in alternative management was higher than mixing management.