جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مدیریت منابع آب زیرزمینی » در نشریات گروه « آب و خاک »

Water shortages today are exacerbated by the gap between supply and demand, resulting in misuse of underground water resources and declines in aquifer levels. In Fars province, the plain of Sarvostan is also one of the most critical areas when it comes to water resources. As a water consumption technology, volumetric water meters were proposed in a plan known as the aquifer recovery plan in order to manage water resources in this plain. This research was carried out with the aim of identifying the factors affecting participation in the aquifer recovery plan of Sarvostan plain, and in terms of the research method, it is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the research consisted of all the users of underground water resources in Kohnjan district of Sarvostan city (N = 1293), which was studied by stratified random method with proportional assignment of 384 farmers. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, the face validity of which was confirmed by obtaining the opinion of panel of experts. The reliability of the measurement tool was also confirmed by conducting a pilot study and calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.90-0.68). Data were procossed and analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 25. According to the results of the logistics test, participation in the plan was largely determiened by trust, enjoyment, and the intention to participate. A comparison of the variables contributing to participation revealed that subjective norms, self-concept, attitude, intention, level of education, income, area under cultivation, ownership level, and irrigation interval were significantly deffierent from participation-averse stakeholders. In contrast to participation-averse stakeholders, participation-prone stakeholders had significantly lower average percieved cost, ages, children, and household size. Finally, to improve participation in the aquifer recovery plan, operational solutions were presented.

Groundwater resources are the most important sources of water supply for various uses in the Rafsanjan study area. Over-exploitation of these resources has resulted in a continuous groundwater level depletion in the last three decades. The possibility of sustainable exploitation of these resources in the coming years requires appropriate groundwater use management. Based on the groundwater budget estimation for the Rafsanjan aquifer with​ an area of ​4236.5 km2 in the period from 2009 to 2016, the changes in groundwater storage are estimated to be -166.3 million cubic meters per year, which has led to a mean annual groundwater level depletion of 58 centimeters. Spatial estimation of evapotranspiration using the remote sensing data and simplified energy balance method of SSEB in this study, allows the calculation of groundwater recharge component while this approach stops the approximate estimates of this component by recommended coefficients for precipitation infiltration or return water from different uses. During this period, the value of evapotranspiration is estimated to be 581 million cubic meters, of which about 35 to 40 percent is evaporation from precipitation and the rest is evaporation and transpiration of irrigation (mainly from pistachio orchards). In the studied years, an average of 1157 hectares of land in the region is pistachio orchards, which has an average of 3071 cubic meters per hectare, water consumption, which indicates the conditions of low irrigation and water stress for pistachio orchards. Also, the assessments on the dominant conditions show that the condition of the aquifer is critical and indicates the need to attend to the appropriate management of groundwater use.

Sustainable management of groundwater resources in underdeveloped regions is one of the essential objectives for the future, especially when the rising demand for clean drinking water by these fast growing communities is considered. Uncontrolled expansion of industries, agriculture and settlements as well as insufficient management imposed on groundwater resources are main reason for proper management methods. Based on capability of good match advanced models in groundwater simulation with hydraulic system of aquifer and prediction of future situations created suitable conditions for management and exploitation these resources. Objects of present research is evaluating of precision of MODFLOW mathematical model in order to representative of proper management in groundwater resources in Garbaygan plain as a region with strategic importance in farming. To start doing this study, input layers of model was created by using geographic information system (GIS). Afterwards boundary condition and discertization of aquifer have determined. Also calibration in steady and transient state was done by using available information. In order to confidence of simulation results, verification test did on data rest. Therefore representative hydrograph and water table contour in 10, 30 and 50 future years (1397, 1417 and 1437) was forecasted. Result showed that drawdown trend of representative hydrograph will be 0.331, 0.298 and 0.27 meters per year in 10, 30 and 50 future years respectively. So it understands that drawdown trend will decrease with increase of forecasted period.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the strategies for groundwater resources management, including competition groundwater pumping, optimal control in groundwater pumping, groundwater use and tax policy, water users' participation in groundwater pumping control, and cooperation among government and water user associations in Narimany plain located in Khorasan Province. Irrigation water demand of sugar beet growers was estimated for empirical assessment of the strategies. The results indicated that among the strategies, groundwater use and tax policy may lead growers to sustainable use of groundwater resources. Furthermore, the results showed a desirable strategy is affected by cultural, social, and economic characteristics of growers and general prevalent conditions of society. Moreover, each strategy calls for its obligations, for instance, it is necessary to have an efficient taxation system for the proposed strategy. Hence, by internalizing the external cost of groundwater overdraft (that is taxing water users) government can force them to consider the adverse effects of their decisions on other producers.