جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Salt Management » در نشریات گروه « آب و خاک »

The purpose of this research was to investigate salt accumulation management with application of drip irrigation and mulch based on dry drainage approach. In one row of trees, mulch cover was pulled and distribution of moisture and salinity was compared with the other row without mulch. Irrigation in both cases was done based on farmer's schedule. In order to determine the electrical conductivity, 411 samples were taken from the soil profile. Results showed that the use of mulch increased humidity and salt moves to outside of root zone. The average total salinity amount, at the end of irrigation season in the control %8.21 increased and %7.42 decreased in the mulch method. Also, in both methods the uniformity coefficient of salinity distribution does not change much (%70.92-%73.11). The moisture average amount under the mulch cover was 12% higher than the control. There is a time gap between applying mulch and observing the salts movement reaction. The study showed that combination of mulch with drip irrigation (without applying excess water) could be used as an effective drainage system in orchards with salt accumulation. It is necessary to evaluate soil salinity periodically and heavy leaching should be done during rainy season.

With the development of localized irrigation in arid and semi-arid areas, the soil is more susceptible to salinization. The salt accumulation in the soil can reduce crop yields, destruction of plants and even resulting the soil uncultivable. In this research, flood leaching and trickle leaching methods (tape) were investigated in a pistachio orchard. Comparing with the flood method, the results showed that, the amount of leaching water used in the trickle method was reduced by 62.7% for the first leaching leading to a total reduction of 26.7%. In the flood leaching method, the entire surface of the farm is leached, while in the 6-row method water to be directly use in saline accumulation areas, which saves leaching water. Also, in the trickle and flood methods the uniformity coefficient of salinity distribution increased by 7% and 3% respectively. In the trickle method, the salt mass balance added due to irrigation can be removed with only one washing step, while in the flood method, the mass of leached salt is less than the mass of added salt. For orchards leaching with localized irrigation, it is recommended to apply more leaching water to salts accumulation areas and for improving the salts management effectiveness low-leaching rates applied alternately is recommended.