جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « hamedan » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد کشاورزی »

Climate change has impacted negatively on the agricultural sector in recent years, and small-scale farming units have grown increasingly challenging. The goal of this study was to look at the components of small-scale farming units vulnerability to climate change in Hamadan province. The research was conducted under a quantitative paradigm. The study's statistical population included 100 experts and subject matter experts from two rural cooperative organizations and the Hamadan Province's Agricultural Jihad Organization, who were surveyed using the census method and had their opinions on the vulnerability of small farming units to climate change received and analyzed. With the SMART PLS3 program, the gathered data were analyzed using the second-order factor analysis method based on the partial least squares methodology. According to the calculated indicators, the reliability and validity of the model were confirmed. In order to investigate the vulnerability components of small-scale farming units in Hamadan province in the face of climate change from a scale of 48 items with a range of five Likert options based on the type of vulnerability, these damages were classified into three social categories- Institutional, economic-technical and environmental. The results showed that the overall vulnerability of small-scale exploitation units in Hamadan province to climate change consisted of environmental damage (β = 0.950); Economic-technical damage (β = 0/921); Socio-institutional damage (β = 0.503) is affected which is known as the most significant explanatory factor of vulnerability of small-scale farming units in Hamadan province .

Agricultural cooperatives, and especially poultry cooperatives, have suffered serious damage in recent years, despite their important role in production and employment. The present study seeks to accurately identify the problems of these cooperatives and prioritize their most important harms in various fields. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the vulnerability of poultry cooperatives in Hamadan province. This research was conducted adopting survey research method with an applied approach. The statistical population of the study consisted of members of the board of directors of poultry cooperatives who were studied by census. The most important data collection tool in the present study was a researcher-made questionnaire whose face- validity was confirmed by experts. To evaluate the reliability of the main scale of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated that the figure was 0.85 indicating reliability of the tool of study. The research findings were analyzed using SPSS25 statistical software. Using factor analysis technique, vulnerability were classified into five groups. "Infrastructure damage-innovation" was explained as the most important factor by explaining 26.08% of the variance. This factor together with other injuries "economic-market injuries", "socio-cultural environmental injuries", "internal organizational injuries" and "managerial injuries" in total 63.96% of the variance explained the total vulnerability of cooperatives.

The current study attemptted to investigate energy efficiency and analyze the relationship of potato production in of Hamadan provinces. The data were collected by using a proportional stratified random sampling method through interview and questionnaire. The sample size is about 139 farms. The total energy used and energy returns was calculated to analyze energy efficiencies such as energy ratio, energy efficiency and net energy use.the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) was applied to calculate technical, pure technical and scale technical efficiencies through BCC and CCR models. The results showed that, the total energy input for potato production in Hamedan and as follows: 66295.13 MJ. The first rank of energy used sources respect to inputs goes to fertilizers with 38.78 in Hamedan plain. The energy ratio, energy efficiency and net energy of potato farmer in Bahar were 2. 224, 0. 671 kg/MJ and 84751.885 MJ/ha respectively. The average of technical, pure technical and scale technical efficiencies was estimated as follows 0.748, 0.941, 0.80 respectively. In Hamedan Province the highest misuse consumption belongs to chemical fertilizer and seed.

Aquaculture as an agricultural activity is one of the recent agricultural development approaches in rural areas, which, in addition to its important role in food production, plays a significant role in job creation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aquaculture in salmon dairy ponds in improving the livelihood of households working in these units. The research is a descriptive-analytic type with a survey method. Required data were collected using both library studies and field method using a questionnaire instrument. The statistical population consisted of all 130 heads of households with a dual-purpose pool across rural areas of Hamadan province. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts from Bu-Ali Sina University. In order to verify the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used which its value in the five capital categories and livelihoods were higher than 0.7 and 0.94 in total was obtained. SPSS22 software was used to analyze the data. Research findings showed that aquaculture has affected the improvement of livelihoods (natural, financial, physical, human and social) of the subjects. The findings of the research indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between the five livelihoods with households' livelihood. The results from regression analysis totally explained 56.3 percent of dependent variable (households’ livelihood level) by four mail assets including: financial, human, natural, and social assets. So it can give this knowledge in order to promote and sustain the livelihood of the target community, it should have a multi-faceted, at the same time omnipresent look.

Regarding the importance of walnut production in Hamedan province, this research has been carried out to investigate the marginal marketing issues and market efficiency of walnut production in TuyserkanTownship. In this regard, retailers, wholesalers, total margins, the share of marketing factors, marketing cost coefficient and the efficiency for walnut production market are calculated. Collecting required information have been done by interview and completing 90 questionnaires through random classification sampling at the level of producer, wholesaler and retailer in 1392. The results showed that the total marketing margin for walnut with dry skin was equal to 52130 Rls.per kg. Shares of retailer, wholesaler and producer were 17.3, 10.7 and 72 percent, respectively. Technical inefficiency was much higher than prie inefficiency and total inefficiency was 36.9 percent. The results show that retail and wholesale prices have positive and significant effect on marketing margin. However, the effects of the product value, marketing cost and production on marketing margin have not been confirmed. At the end, according to the research objectives, the appropriate policy implications are presented.

In order to bring about rural-urban regional balance, the government needs to support products in which each region has comparative advantage. The main purpose of present study is to determine the impact of government policies on present situation of potato production in Hamedan and to determine its comparative advantage compare to other provinces of Iran. Policy analysis matrix is used to determine comparative advantage of potato using data collected for crop years of 2010-2012. The results show that in spite of a decrease in government’s support of the product the indirect taxes levied on the relevant inputs are smaller in Hamedan and the subsidies allocated for relevant inputs are bigger in Hamedan compared to other provinces. The indices of policy analysis matrix show improvement in profitability potato in Hamedan for period of study.

Nowadays, efficient use of scarce water resources is one of the government’s importantgoals for dealing sustainable development in the agricultural sector. In addition to optimal exploitation and using of surface and groundwater resources, choosing of efficient types of irrigation technologies is a very important factor in sustainable water resource management. This study tries to analysis the effects of some economic policies, including irrigation water pricing and government financial facilities on farmer’s acceptance of pressurized irrigation technology in Hamedan.
The methodology of the research is mathematical modeling on the basis of the System Dynamics approach, by using of STELLA. A sample size of this research includes of 316 people of wheat farmers, who have selected by random method. To evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire also, firstly, a primal questionnaire was prepared and asked 30 farmers and Ranking Theta was calculated about 82 %.
Results showed that the policy of increasing irrigation water price, at some price levels, has not meaningful effects on farmer’s acceptance process about pressurized irrigation technology. However, this policy (irrigation water pricing), with government financial facilities such as banking facilities, has more effects on increasing of farmer economical motivation of using pressurized irrigation technology. Our results also showed that on the base scenario (current condition), the water pricing policy has more effects on acceptance of pressurized irrigation technology than the scenario in which government does not consider any financial facilities and pay any subsidy for farmers to accept and use irrigation technology. On the other hand, on the scenario without government financial supports, farmers do not have any economical motivation for acceptance of pressurized irrigation technology. In this scenario, the economical benefits of using pressurized irrigation technology of farmers, are very lower than the opportunity cost of capital used for providing and preparing of this technology, and thus, farmers do not accept this technology. The first scenario is the case without any government grants or financial supports and with no any banking facilities for farmers to use pressurized irrigation technology. In the second scenario, 50 percent of pressurized irrigation technology, performance costs are paid through loans by the supportive interest rate of 5 percent yearly. The third scenario introduces a current condition, including government grant and subsidized loans, and the fourth scenario contains the condition in which 50 percent of irrigation technology’s implementation cost is paid by government grants. Results showed that in the first scenario, at all levels of irrigation water price, the benefits of technology acceptance are lower than acceptance opportunity cost, and thus farmers of the study area do not have any economical motivation to use pressurized irrigation technology. But only at the irrigation water price of 1200 rials for one m3 of irrigation water, farmers accept to provide, implement and use pressurized irrigation. In the second scenario, in which 50 percent of pressurized irrigation technology performance costs are paid through loans by the supportive interest rate of 5 percent yearly, the farmers will accept the technology at all level of irrigation water prices. In the third and fourth scenarios also, farmers accept the technology in all levels of irrigation water prices. Results showed that the policy of increasing irrigation water price, at some price levels, has not alone meaningful effects on farmer’s acceptance process about pressurized irrigation technology. But, this policy (irrigation water pricing), with government financial facilities such as banking facilities, has more effects on increasing of farmer economical motivation of pressurized irrigation technology using. Results showed also that on the base scenario (current condition), the water pricing policy has more effects on acceptance of pressurized irrigation technology than the scenario in which government does not consider any financial facilities and pay any subsidy for farmers to accept and using irrigation technology. on the other hand, on the scenario without government financial supports, farmers do not have any economical motivation to acceptance of pressurized irrigation technology. In this scenario, the economical benefits of using pressurized irrigation technology of farmers, are very lower than the opportunity cost of capital used for providing and preparing of this technology, and thus, farmers do not accept this technology. Results also, showed that economic variables of reduction of water consumption costs, land leveling costs reduction, financial ability of farmers, adequacy of loan amount have important and meaningful effects on irrigation technology acceptance.
The policy of increasing irrigation water price, at some price levels, has not meaningful effects on farmer’s acceptance process about pressurized irrigation technology. however, this policy (irrigation water pricing), with government financial facilities such as banking facilities, has more effects on increasing of farmers economical motivation of using pressurized irrigation technology.

The agricultural sector, as a biophysical-physical system, is heavily dependent on climatic conditions and climate is one of the main factors in determining the location, resources and productivity of agriculture. Hence, prediction of climate changes and evaluation of adaptive strategies to these changes will be effective in reducing damage. Atmospheric general circulation models are the perfect tools to long-term prediction of climatic parameters. But the main weakness of these models is their low spatial and temporal resolution that to overcome this problem, it is necessary in the process of downscaling, spatial and temporal scale model output is reduced. According to this approach, in this study, Downscaled analysis of climate change and determining the regional climatic scenarios in Hamedan-Bahar plain and also comparing them with national scenarios, with a blend of Positive Mathematical Programming model, yield-response regression model and LARS-WG model, were investigated. The results indicated that along with the increase in temperature at a rate of 0.54º C and decrease in rainfall at a rate of 3.4% in Hamedan-Bahar plain, value added of agricultural sector by 2020, will be reduced by 35 billion riyals. But if the average climatic conditions of Iran would be generalized to the plain, value added of agricultural sector by 2020, will increase by 21 billion riyals in the region. These results reveal the need for downscaling of climate forecasts and existence of mismatch between regional studies and national climatic scenarios.

In recent decades, increase in greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2), has caused the global warming as an undesirable phenomenon. Increase in temperature causes rain-decrease and change in crop yields. On the other, increase carbon dioxide can improve yield of agricultural crops through facilitation in photosynthesis. So assess the final effect of increasing this gas in the environment of agricultural crops production has been a controversial subject among agriculture researchers. With this explanation, in this study, the effects of elevated CO2 and climatic changes on crop pattern were examined in Hamedan-Bahar plain. For this purpose, initially, the sensitivity of crop yields in this plain against CO2, temperature and precipitation were estimated by using yield-response regression models and GME method. Then, the regional climatic changes were predicted by using LARS-WG model in the years 2020, 2030 and 2040. Also by using regression models, the CO2 emission was predicted in the mentioned years in the plain. Finally, the conditions of crop pattern were simulated by using of mathematical programming approach and PMP model, and then the effects of CO2 emission and climate changes on crop pattern were investigated in the several scenarios. The results indicated that the climate changes has negative effects on the cultivation pattern and in the most pessimistic prediction, reduce the amount of the agricultural value added about 53 billion Rials will be followed by 2040 in Hamedan-Bahar plain. But the mentioned lose will be offset with adopting strategy improve the productivity of crops the extent of 0.63 percent.

Ongoing study of environmental developments and its reflection on the managers is one of the important missions of marketing. Therefore the scrutiny of convertible industries market and finding appropriate solutions to improve the market position of this part is considerable. The aim of this study is to investigate the external market environment such as the competitive environment, economic environment, political environment, social - cultural environment and technological environment of the dairy conversion industry market in Hamedan province. The usable statistical methods in this study are the nonparametric statistic and the structural equations. There quire data in this research is collected by questionnaire in 2012. The results show that the factors of environmental, economic, political and technological are effective factors in Hamedan's dairy industries marketing. According to the results, some suggestions have been offered.

Unsustainability and precarious conditions of agricultural production have caused this sector be associated with risk. Crops insurance is efficient tool for controlling and reducing production and market risk and stabilizing farmer's income. In this study, the thinking system approach by using of I Think software is used for analyzing and modeling of the effects of different alternatives of policies on wheat insurance acceptance. The results show that the decision making process of insurance acceptance is function of some variables including of probability of brooz khesarat, amount of brooz khesarat, share of farmer’s insurance payment, gross return of fermers and maximum tahood of bimegar payments. Also, by increasing of the probability of brooz khesarat the number of insurance acceptance will increaseal production have caused this sector be associated with risk. Crops insurance is efficient tool for controlling and reducing production and market risk and stabilizing farmer's income. In.