جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "mechanization" در نشریات گروه "اقتصاد کشاورزی"

The method of sugarcane cultivation is generally affected by mechanization conditions and has always faced the problem of long distances between cultivation rows. On the other hand, its asexual cultivation through the cultivation of cuttings and influencing the characteristics of the cuttings does not provide the possibility of precise control of the planting density. Therefore, it is necessary to review the pattern of sugarcane cultivation and of course, keeping in mind the limitations of mechanization. In order to investigate the effect of planting pattern on the yield changes and quantitative and qualitative traits of sugarcane variety CP57-614 in the crop year of 2013-2014 in the Amirkabir Sugarcane Cultivation and Industry Company in the South of Khuzestan, a research was carried out in the form of a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The investigated treatment was the planting pattern in six levels (including planting distance of 180 cm in two rows (control), planting distance of 180 cm in one row, planting distance of 150 cm in one row, planting distance of 90 cm in one row, planting distance of 180 cm in three rows on the stack, the planting distance was 180 cm, three rows of atmospheric soil) which were randomly placed in the plots. The treatments of 90 cm in one row and 180 cm in two rows produced the highest yields of 104.21 and 86.533 tons per hectare, and in total, they were superior to other treatments in terms of the investigated traits. The three-row cultivation treatments were not favorable either in terms of cuttings consumption or yield, compared to other treatments. Based on the obtained results, none of the studied cultivation methods were superior to each other in terms of quality characteristics.

The use of machines in the process of agricultural production is aimed at to reduce the production costs, timely performing the agricultural operations, reducing the labor costs, managing inputs, which ultimately resulted in productivity improvements and a quantitative and qualitative increase in production. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanization status of agricultural and horticultural products in Iran which by studying different systems of utilization of agricultural machines, studying the problems in agricultural mechanization of Iran can provide suggestions for promotion of agricultural mechanization in Iran with emphasizing sustainable agriculture and pay attention to the environmental impacts of agricultural mechanization. In order to measure the mechanization indices, the distribution of crop cultivars were extracted from the data between 2014-2015. Also, in order to measure the mechanization index in different sectors between 2013-2017, data were collected from Ministry of Agriculture Jihad. The results of the study showed that the status of mechanization coefficient as an indicator for showing the mechanization status in the country's manufacturing cooperatives is not suitable. The role of mechanization in increasing the production of agricultural and horticultural products was about 35% due to the presence of machinery in the production process. The results showed that the sustainable agriculture can be achieved with mechanization in such a way that the least harmful impact on the environment is reached. Energy indicators are one of the most important tools for assessing energy consumption in this sector.

Nowadays, the use of agricultural machines and implements is necessary for development. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the appropriate level of mechanization in different activities of agriculture in order to achieve production, employment, income distribution and environment goals. On the other hand, one of the main concerns in the agricultural sector is the issue of employment in this sector and its degree of influence on changing economic factors, has a special place. The purpose of this study is to investigate the interaction of mechanization and employment in agricultural sector of Khorasan Razavi province. For this purpose, the model of the system of simultaneous equations of the panel data is used for 19 cities of Khorasan Razavi province during the years of 2012-16. The results of the research show that employment and mechanization have mutual, negative and significant effects on each other, although the mechanization has far more influence on employment. Also, production, mechanized service units and gross income have a positive and significant effect on agricultural mechanization. On the other hand, the cost of inputs (including seeds, pesticides and chemical and animal fertilizers) and the wages have a negative and significant effect on employment and crop area has a positive and significant effect on it. It is recommended to improve the mechanization situation by establishing and developing agricultural machinery services companies. Also we can increase the employment by employing specialist labor in these companies. Moreover, with supportive payments to reduce production costs and increase gross income, farmers can be persuaded to stay in the countryside, which will increase agricultural employment.

Economic growth as an important indicator has always considered by policy makers. In presence of production inputs constraints، the most appropriate way of growing each sector is increase of productivity. In the agricultural sector due to several risks that farmers face as a result of activity in an open environment، productivity is also affected by these risks. Because of the importance of agriculture in the economy and food security، some strategies should be devised to reduce the risk that mechanization and infrastructure development for reducing the risk of cropping، expansion of insurance and crop diversification are taking place in this category. Hence، the present study has measured total factor productivity of agronomy and horticulture subsectors by using the Tornquist-Theil Index for years 1974-2007 and then by estimating a regression model، influence of the above factors on productivity has been evaluation. The average of total factor productivity growth of agronomy and horticulture subsectors was 0. 96 for this period. The results showed positive effect of crop diversification and insurance on productivity and also، it will be reduced by excessive use of tractor.