جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « qom province » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد کشاورزی »

Agrisulture has been changed through the centuries so that in the recent decades more chemichals are used for improving farm productivity. This trend has been criticized by many experts because using more external inputs damages the environment. In order to cope with this problem, some solutions were introduced and applied by different countries. Organic farming is one of promising solutions which is based on reducing use of external inputs and moreattention to organic matter, green manure and biological control of pests and diseases. Organic faming has substantial capacity and potential to fulfill food needs of international society thorough sustainable use of resources.This system is known as one of the most sustainable farming system which meet both objectvives of food security and sustainability simultaneousely.success of organic farming system depends on some prerequisites out of which access to organic inputs and specific services are very important.Organic farming services needs to be provided by government or private sector to the farmers. It includes consultancy, education, information, farm inputs and enabling regulations specefically in the area of certification of produce and standardization of farming processes.Farmers face some barriers to get access to these services. In order to extend organic farming these services should be easily delivered to farming communities and the barriers should be removed by applying appropriate mechanisms. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying and analyzing mechanisms to improve farmers’ access to organic farming services in Qom province. The statistical population of this study consisted of 16000 farmers, out of which 262 people were selected and interviewed as sample using Cochran formula and proportionate stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire was used for data gathering. Validity of the instrument was approved by a panel judgment of experts and faculty members in University of Tehran. Its reliability was approved using Cronbach alpha coefficient (α=0.75). LISRELwin8.5 and SPSSwin18 software were used to analyze the data. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to determine weights of each mechanism and categorize them.  The results revealed that among mechanisms to improve farmer’s access to organic farming services, advisory-guidance services, improving farmer’s capabilities to access organic farming inputs, access to credit and information-communication services play an important role. In the process of getting access to consulting and advisory services farmers can contact with village and farm extension workers to learn how to use organic agricultural inputs. This counseling and guidance services increase farmers' awareness and knowledge on organic farming and through this mechanism they get familiar with related actors in private sector. Given the importance of providing advisory and guidance services to farmers who are interested in transitioning from conventional to organic farming, it is recommended that the regional organizations develop and implement a plan to provide these services. It is important to encourage engineering-consulting companies as well as the private sector to provide these services, which can, of course, be in the form of annual contracts with farmers and field audit. At least, a part of this plan should include training courses for farmers in the area of organic farming. It is also recommended that credit institutions and banks, especially agricultural banks, adopt low interest lines to support the development of organic farming.  According to the fitness indices, the model for measuring the mechanisms for improving the access of farmers to services and the production of organic products were valid and acceptable. The indicators of each construct were identified and introduced by referring to the coefficients.

Most farmers use fertilizers and herbicides on the basis of their interests and local experience rather than the expert’s recommendations. They use just two kinds of fertilizers, Urea and Ammonium Phosphate. Nowadays, most of them had not enough information about the plant’s common elements such as Potassium and Sulfur and the microelement such as Iron, Zinc and Magnesium have been ignored. In order to behave appropriate against using fertilizers, innovation of "soil test" became important during a last decade. But the present condition shows that there is very difference from it and the expectations. This research was carried out for analyzing technical communicational variables effective in the receptionist of "soil test" by Qom’s cereal planters. It was a survey research and the statistical universe of 2455 farmers was covered guiding and supporting services of the soil test’s innovation that was identified by classification sampling in four areas covered by 184 people when using Kukran’s formula as the samples. Data collection approach was a questionnaire that its validity is confirmed by calculating Cornbach’s alpha coefficient. Results showed that 67.4% of farmer didn’t accept “soil test” as effective factor. The variables related to knowledge level of cereal planter’s in respect with "soil test", the degree of the relationship between the farmer and the information supplier, the common participation level, the individual’s social position, their motion level for farming and job satisfaction, their being able to reach the institutes and their being able to use agricultural and governmental credits have a positive and meaningful relation to acceptance of that subject. The development of a collaboration related to the education unit of jihad Agriculture ministry with the institute relation to educating the cereal planters to be able to write for increasing their studies, using different ways of extension them, such as: holding the exhibition and broadcasting programs related to the importance and necessity of "soil test", their focusing more on companies and agricultural associations and long term and comprehensive planning for the extension workers and experts and continuous relations to the farms for continuous control in this fact that how "soil test" is implemented.