جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « جنگل نشین » در نشریات گروه « اکولوژی »

Today, livestock outflows from the forests of the north of the country have created environmental and social challenges and problems that have caused concern to natural resource policy makers.  The re-emergence of livestock and ranchers illegally in the forests for various reasons has created disputes and tensions with conservation systems. In this regard, the present study was conducted to analyze the key drivers affecting the return of livestock in the forests of Golestan province. The sample population in the study consisted of 20 ranchers returning to the forest and were purposefully selected. After collecting information, using the cross-effects technique and using MicMac software, 27 indices extracted from the Delphi method were analyzed. The results of the dispersion of indicators in the axis of impact and effectiveness, indicate the instability of the livestock exit system from the forests of the province and its organization, based on which five variables were identified. Findings obtained from the effect-matrix direct dependence and dispersion of indicators showed that the lack of accurate implementation of the provisions of the plan in the forest, lack of support from government agencies in the area of ​​housing, lack of alternative job opportunities and diversification of income sources, lack of pasture Natural resources for livestock and the high cost of complementary inputs, non-timely payment of salaries by people subject to the plan by the government, various procedures and instructions contrary to the plan, lack of proper planning in housing and livestock farms, as the most important effective indicators and Strategies were evaluated in the return of livestock to forest areas. According to the obtained results, the compilation and preparation of a 10-year transformation document in order to organize the settled forest households is the most important proposal with a forward-looking approach to the subject under study.

Since gas transmission to forests and forest dwellers has become more serious recently, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of gas transmission on the wood consumption and forest degradation by forest dwellers in Babolkenar area. For this purpose, 168 families, 36 security guards and 19 technical experts were selected and then questionnaires were prepared for each group. The questionnaires were filled by the field interviewers through the direct interview (According to the Likert scale, 1= very low, 5 = very high). New constructed roads were recorded after gas transmission using the field survey method. Then, the degraded area was calculated. The binomial test was used in order to compare the opinions of different groups. Degraded area due to excavations and road construction was calculated using AutoCad and ArcGIS software. According to forest dwellers, the use of municipal gas had largely prevented tree cutting (value of 4, based on the Likert scale), while security guards and experts stated it had slightly reduced the tree cutting (value of 3). Forest dwellers believed that the use of urban utilities had reduced the destruction; however, security guards and experts disagreed. The estimation results of the wood volume before and after the gas transmission showed that the views of all three groups were the same; they believed that the wood consumption decreased significantly in the first and second six months after the gas transmission. Results showed that the length of roads (15385 m) and stock routes (30772 m) were increased after running the gas transmission and the degraded area of the total forest area was calculated to be about 12 ha.