جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "کربوهیدرات های محلول" در نشریات گروه "اکولوژی"

The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of the application of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer and inoculation of different strains of Rhizobium bacteria on morpho-physiological, biochemical, yield and yield components of guar under different levels of drought stress.

The experiment was performed as a split factorial in a Randomized Complete Block design with three replications in the 2019-2020 growing seasons. Experimental treatments included different irrigation regimes (complete irrigation, cessation of irrigation up to 50% of flowering and 50% of podding) as main plots and treatments of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer (control, 50 and 100 kg.ha-1) and inoculation of Guar seeds with different strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (non-inoculation, and strains of RS150 and RS153) as subplots. Traits of plant height, shoot dry weight, number of leaves per plant, number of seeds per m2, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll, carotenoids, soluble sugars, grain protein and enzymatic activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase were evaluated in the present study.

The obtained results indicated that the application of low irrigation resulted in reducing all traits except indices of soluble sugars and the enzymatic activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase. On the other hand, different levels of nitrogen fertilizer and Rhizobium inoculation significantly increased all studied traits. Also, it was observed that although the strain of RS150 significantly increased chlorophyll b content and enzymatic activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase than the RS153 strain, the application of RS153 strain was maximal in other traits.

In general, complete irrigation was required in the study area, and increasing nitrogen fertilizer levels up to 100 kg.ha-1 had no adverse effects on morphological traits, yield, and yield components of guar plants growing under drought stress. Furthermore, the application of Bradyrhizobium japonicum moderated the negative impacts of drought stress.

Intercropping is considered as a method for increasing yield per unit and stability. In order to evaluate the effects of phosphorous biofertilizer and chemical phosphorous on fodder quality of corn (Zea mays L.) and grass pea (Lathyrus sativa L.) intercropping, two field experiments were conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with four replications at two places simultaneously in Kerman and Bardsir during growing season of 2009-2010. The investigated factors included four levels of phosphorous fertilizer (100 g.ha-1 of phosphorous biofertilizer, 150 kg.ha-1 of chemical fertilizer, %50 phosphorous biofertilizer+%50 chemical phosphorous and control) and five replacement intercropping patterns consist of sole crop of corn and grass pea, various proportions of corn and grass pea (75:25, 50:50 and 25:75). The result showed that the location effect on dry matter digestibility, crude protein, ash percentage, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was significant but location effect on water soluble carbohydrate was not significant. Moreover, dry matter digestibility, crude protein, ash percentage, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and water soluble carbohydrate influenced by various proportions of intercropping, extremely. Also, phosphorous applying on all of mentioned traits was significant, unless ash percentage. Dry matter digestibility, water soluble carbohydrate and crude protein of fodder influenced by various proportions of intercropping×phosphorous fertilizer interaction. Various proportions of corn and grass pea intercropping had higher fodder quality than sole cop of them; because, they had higher values of dry Matter digestibility, crude protein, water soluble carbohydrate and ash Percentage and lower values of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber. Dabble application of phosphorous biofertilizer and chemical phosphorous promote fodder quality due to increase solubility of insoluble phosphorous, phosphorous uptake, digestibility and crude protein of related intercropping proportions and phosphorous level. Also, results showed that intercropping had a positive effect on qualitative traits of corn and grass pee fodder.

To evaluate the effect of water deficit stress on yield, yield components, chlorophyll and osmolytes in Matricaria chamomilla, and the effect of super absorbent polymers on reduction of drought stress, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Faculty of Agriculture of Urmia University on 2008. Treatments included water deficit stress (irrigation after 50, 100, 150 and 200 mm evaporation from pan class A) and varying amounts of super absorbent polymer (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg/ha). Results of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed the significant effect of irrigation on dried flower, the numbers of capitol per plant, capitol diameter and receptacle height, and non significant effect on single capitol weight and leaf soluble carbohydrates. While, the effect of super absorbent polymer on was non significant dried flower, the numbers of capitol per plant, capitol diameter, receptacle height, single capitol weight and leaf soluble carbohydrates Interaction effect between water deficit and polymer was significant on the yield of biomass, chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and proline. The highest and lowest yield of dried flower (116.83 and 75.98 kg/ha), capitol diameter (0.544 and 0.497 cm) and receptacle height (0.676 and 0.568 cm) were obtained from irrigation after 50 and 200 mm evaporation from pan class A, respectively. But, the maximum and minimum numbers of capitol per plant (199.22 and 91.22) were obtained from 100 and 150 mm evaporation from pan, respectively. The highest yield of biomass (1215.55 kg/ha) was obtained from irrigation after 50 mm evaporation and 0 kg/ha of polymer application, and the lowest yield (164.44 kg/ha) was obtained from irrigation after 200 mm evaporation by using 120 kg/ha of polymer. In this research, chlorophyll a and b had the reducing trend from irrigation after 100 mm evaporation from pan. The greatest proline accumulation (4.001 mg/g dry weight) belonged to irrigation after 200 mm evaporation with 120 kg/ha of polymer, and the minimum leaf proline content (0.748 mg/g dry weight) was observed at irrigation after 100 mm evaporation with 300 kg/ha of polymer. In general, German chamomile tolerance to drought stress was through osmotic regulation of proline, and the yield of biomass was improved by super absorbent application.