جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "کشت مخلوط افزایشی" در نشریات گروه "اکولوژی"

In order to study the effect of bio, Integrated and chemical fertilizers and inter cropping patterns on some qualitative and quantitative forage traits, a split plot based on randomized complete block design with four replications was carried out in South Khorasan in 2016. The main factor in five fertilizer levels including no fertilizer, 50% nitrogen chemical fertilizer, 100% nitrogen chemical fertilizer, nitroxin fertilizer, combined nitroxin fertilizer + 50% chemical fertilizer and sub factor in six levels including pure fenugreek, pure maize, additive mixture of 100% maize + 25% , 50% ,75% and 100% of fenugreek were considered.According to the results, fresh and dry weight of maize were significantly affected by fertilizer treatment, cropping pattern and treatment composition of fertilizers and cropping pattern at 1%  level. Dry weight of fenugreek was significantly affected by pattern, cultivation and treatment composition of different types of fertilizer and culture pattern at 1% level. The effect of culture pattern and treatment composition of fertilizers and planting pattern on forage quality traits were significant at 1% level. The effect of different types of fertilizers was significant at 1% level on forage fiber and that was significant at 5% level on specific net energy of lactation. The highest percentage of ash (7.15%) was observed in pure fenugreek culture with 50% nitrogen chemical fertilizer. The highest specific net energy lactation (1.92 Mcal.kg-1) was observed in pure fenugreek culture with biofertilizer application and the highest water soluble carbohydrate (30.95%) was observed in pure maize without fertilization. The results of qualitative forage traits analysis showed that the presence of fenugreek in forage composition improves the quality of forage. Based on the study, maize + 75% fenugreek and maize + 100% fenugreek cultivation patterns applied by combined fertilization method, can be a good alternative to corn cultivation in the region.

In order to evaluate yield and some qualitative traits of forage corn and sweet basil under nitrogen fertilizers (biological, chemical and integrated) in additive intercropping a field experiment was carried out in the Experimental Farm Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University during 2014-2015 growing seasons. The treatments were arranged in a factorial experiment based on Randomized Complete Blocks Design (RCBD) with three replications. Experimental treatments were 100% chemical fertilizer (N), bio-fertilizer (nitroxin), integration of bio-fertilizer 50% chemical fertilizer and control and different intercropping systems consisted of sole cropping corn and sweet basil and the additive intercropping of corn 25% sweet basil, corn 50% sweet basil, corn 75% sweet basil and corn 100% sweet basil. The results showed that integration of bio-fertilizer 50% chemical fertilizer had the highest protein of forage (9.43%), but in terms of yield and yield components of forage corn, chemical fertilizer was better to the other treatments. The highest fresh and dry leaf weight, fresh and dry forage yield and forage crude Protein were obtained from sole cropping pattern of corn. Sole cropping pattern of sweet basil with integration of bio-fertilizer 50% chemical fertilizer in the second year had the highest fresh and dry yield. The highest LER (1.566) belonged to corn 100% sweet basil with bio-fertilizer. The results showed that using the integration of bio-fertilizer 50% chemical fertilizer could be considered as a way to reduce the consumption of chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture.

Intercropping has many advantages including improved soil conditions (Chen et al., 2004), increased resources and better weed control (Banik et al., 2006). Due to their positive effect on forage quality, intercropping of cultures has an important role in farming systems. Furthermore, intercropping improves absorption of solar radiation, increases the activity of soil microorganisms and contributes to better weed- and pest-resistant conditions (Karadage, 2004). The goal of this research is to investigate intercropping of maize and sorghum with legumes, such as mung beans, cowpeas and clover, in order to evaluate the benefits. The benefits should include increased yield, improved quality forage (higher protein levels), and better weed control. Intercropping should best suit the climatic conditions of the region and improve agricultural practices.
In order to investigate the effect of additive intercropping of maize and sorghum with legumes on qualitative and quantitative forage and weed growth, a field experiment was carried out over two years, in the 2011-12 growing seasons in the village of Mafin-Abad, in the Eslamshahr region of Tehran Province. Maize and sorghum monoculture and their intercropping with three different legumes (mung beans, cowpeas and berseem clover) in different additive intercropping systems were compared in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The traits evaluated in this study include yield, forage dry matter, protein, index against ground, and economic advantages.
The results showed that intercropping increased forage dry matter and crude protein. Intercropping also significantly decreased weed dry weight. In all intercropping treatments, LER was above 1, indicating yield advantages for intercropping. Maize and cowpeas in the 100% density treatment showed the best results over both years and produced the highest dry forage yield, LER and CP and the least amount of weed dry weight. Based on the results of this experiment, it could be concluded that maize and sorghum-legume intercropping could substantially increase forage quality and quantity. These intercrops can be recommended to replace monoculture systems. Maize and sorghum-cowpea additive intercropping could be highly recommended because of higher forage quality and quantity with fewer side effects on the environment.
The results showed that intercropping could be used to increase yield, improve forage quality and weed control. Intercropping cultures also indicated that LER was more than 1 and led to a higher economic profit in comparison with a monoculture. This can be a suggestion for farmers to use intercropping in this recommended form. In the intercropping of maize and sorghum and cowpea, particularly with a density of 100%, cowpea clearly manifests itself. Therefore, intercropping can be recommended to farmers as a way to boost performance, revenue, forage quality (protein) and control weeds.