جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "سیستان و بلوچستان" در نشریات گروه "باغبانی"

Sarcocolla(Astragalus fasciculifolius Boiss.), belonging to Fabaceae family, is a medicinal plant distributed in the south of Sistan and Baluchestan province. Due to presence of compounds like saponins, flavonoids, and polysaccharides, it has an effective role in treating heart disease and cancer and eliminating chemotherapy and improving immunity. In this study, plant samples including eight A. fasciculifolius were collected from different habits in the province, and some phytochemical properties of root, leaves (total phenol, total flavonoid, and polysaccharide) and of flowers (total phenol, total flavonoid, and anthocyanin) were analyzed in the plant flower. The results of variance analysis showed a significant difference among different habitats (α>0.01). Phytochemical studies revealed significant amounts of phenolic compounds in the leaf with the highest rate recorded in Poshtkooh (14.62-32.55 mg GAE/g). In the root, the highest value was in Anjirok (20.39-53.84 mg GAE/g) and in the flower, the highest value was in BAirk (5.11-15.82 mg GAE/g), representing flavonoid compounds in the leaf in which the highest value was in Nahook (8.76-12.72 mg QE/g). Also, in root, the highest value was in Panjangosht (10 fingers) (0.25-1.03 mg QE/g). In the flower, the highest value was in Nahook (6.35-9.28 mg QE/g). In the polysaccharide compounds of the leaf, the highest value was in Anjirok (60.89-93.29 mg/g). In root, the highest values were in Pangangosht (94.33-209.38 mg/g) and anthocyanin of flower had the highest values in Pangangosht (36.34-77.58 mg/g). The results of this study represent the ability of different habitats of the province in producing valuable herbal compounds. Besides, because of its high levels of phenolic and polysaccharide compounds, this plant has a remarkable capability to be used in food and pharmaceutical industries.

Development and implementation of effective and useful programs for the rehabilitation, conservation and sustainable utilization of medicinal species is possible only by identifying plant and ecological characteristics. Astragalus fasciculifolius Bioss. belonging to the Fabaceae family, is a valuable medicinal species. This species plays an effective role in treatment of heart disease, inhibition of cancer cell growth, and eliminating the chemotherapy effects due to the presence of compounds such as saponins, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. In this study, the distribution map of this species was prepared using available resources, and then climatic characteristics, physical and chemical analysis of soil, different phenological stages, and associated plants in the region were recorded. The results of this study showed that this plant is distributed in the cities of Khash, Saravan, Soran and Mehrestan. According to the Demartonne method, the climate of this region is arid. The average annual precipitation, relative humidity, and an average temperature of these habitats are 52 mm, 20%, and 25°C, respectively. This species is distributed between approximately 1300 and 1500 m above sea level, on the slopes and mainly in the waterways, in the bed of seasonal rivers, and in all directions, especially the northern direction and the slope between 0 to 75%. The soil texture of habits is mainly sandy loam with the pH range of 6.73 to 8.28, EC range of 0.56 to 1.06 ds/m, and 30.64-50.62% lime. A. fasciculifolius is a drought tolerant species which is capable of growing under dry climatic conditions with an average annual rainfall of less than 30mm.

This study was conducted for the first time in Iran to investigate the quantity and quality of fatty acids in the seeds of Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dun. and Withania somnifera (L.) Dun. and compare the effects of different habitats on the quantity and quality of fatty acids. Five seed samples of the study species were collected from different habitats of Sistan and Baluchestan Province in November 2016. After clearing the seeds from fruits, the seed oils were extracted by Soxhlet apparatus and pure solvent n-Hexane, and analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using GC with FID-Fame detectors. The results showed that different habitats had significant impact on the amount and type of fatty acids in the seed oil of two study species. The predominant fatty acid in W. somnifera, collected from Zahedan habitat, was linolenic acid (Omega-3) (39.84%), while in Saravan habitat, archidic acid was the predominant fatty acid (SFA) (34.95%). The predominant fatty acid in W. coagulans, collected from Gosht of Saravan and Pip habitats was linolenic acid (Omega-3) (62.73%; 67.03%), respectively, while in the Tange Sarheh habitat, oleic acid was the predominant fatty acid (Omega-9) (69.22%). In general, the results of this study proved the high effect of ecological status on the quantity and quality of fatty acids in the seeds of the study species. Our results clearly showed that the seeds of W. somnifera contained more oil as compared with W. coagulans.

Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal (fam. Solanaceae) is a multipurpose medicinal plant، mainly distributed in southeastern parts of Sistan and Baluchestan province. The important medicinal properties of W. coagulans are attributed to the presence of steroidal lactones called withanolides. Among withanoloids، withaferin A is an important phytoconstituent showing antitumor، antiangiogenesis and apoptosis induction properties. This study was aimed to investigate the variability of phytochemical composition of Withania coagulans roots. Twenty accessions of W. coagulans roots، collected from different natural habits of Sistan and Baluchestan province، were used in the present study. Thewithaferin A was assayed through thin layer chromatography (TLC) method andphytochemical estimation was carried out by standard methodologies to detect the presence of secondary metabolites، like total phenol، flavonoids and anthocyanin. Our findings revealed that withaferin A was found in all accessions collected from different natural habits. The photochemical investigation showed the presence of flavonoids (5. 70-6. 50%)، anthocyanin (4. 51-9. 51µmol/g) and total phenol (14. 91-23. 7µgGAE/mgD. W)، varying significantly among the habitats (p<0. 05). In the present study، TLC analysis confirms the exsistance of withaferin A in all W. coagulans accessions as well as the potential of Sistan and Baluchestan natural habits to produce this valuable component. However، the root extracts of W. coagulans، growing in natural habitats of Iran، have higher phenolic content. Hence، it can be used as a source of natural components for the pharmaceutical and food industries.

Development and implementation of effective programs to conservation، reclamation and efficient utilization of valuable plant species seem to have a special importance. To achieve this goal، ecological characteristics of important plant species، forming natural vegetation، need to be detected and recognized. Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal، belonging to the Solanaceae family، has received much attention in recent years due to the presence of a large number of steroidal lactones، known as withanolides. One of the most important withanolides is withaferin A، having anticancer properties. To study the autecology of W. coagulans، its habitats in Sistan and Baluchestan region were identified and habit characteristics including climate، soil physical and chemical properties، altitude، slope gradient، aspect and phenological stage were investigated in several locations. Results showed that this plant is exclusively distributed in limited areas of the province. The climate of the study area is arid based on Demarton aridity index. Average annual rainfall is 124. 8 mm with a relative humidity of 32% and average temperature of 24. 2 C°. This species is mainly (45%) distributed at an altitude of 1200 to 1400 meters above sea level، in slopes، valleys، road edges and mainly in waterways and the bed of seasonal rivers and in all aspects particularly the South and a slope from zero to 74%. The soil texture of the study habits is predominantly sandy loam with a pH of 7. 5-7. 8، an EC of 0. 5-5. 2 ds/m and 8. 4-23. 1% lime. W. coagulans is a drought resistant species growing in arid climate conditions with an average annual rainfall of 150 mm. In general، essential measures need to be taken towards the conservation and distribution of this rare and valuable species.