جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "پرلایت" در نشریات گروه "باغبانی"

The most important determinants of tomato fruits quality are color, size and firmness of visual quality and acidity, soluble solids, vitamin C and antioxidant capacity biochemical. In order to evaluate the effect of substrates on quality of four greenhouse tomato cultivars a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out. The treatments included four soilless substrates (rotten bagasse, rotten bagasse perlite (1: 1 V), cocopeat, cocopeat perlite (1: 1 V)) and four greenhouse tomato cultivars (‘Shaghayegh’, ‘Pardis’, ‘Valuro’, and ‘Izmir’). The results showed a significant effect of substrate on lycopene, carotenoids fruit and the lighting color of the fruit (L *). Cultivar had a significant effect on the size, weight and surface color fruit. The interaction of cultivar and substrates was significant at 1% on length, firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solids, vitamin C, antioxidant capacity and total phenol of tomato fruit. The highest firmness of fruits was observed in cultivar Pardis in the Cocopeat perlite (12.18 N). In general, Shaghayegh cultivar and Bagasse perlite substrate was recommended for successful greenhouse tomato fruit production.

Salinity is a very serious problem for agricultural development, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. On the other hand, many benefits of soilless culture have caused the expansion of these systems in these areas. In this research, in order to investigate the effects of different substrates and salinity stress on physiological characteristics and yield of broccoli, an experiment was conducted as factorial, in which the main factor was substrate (cocopeat, perlite, sand, 25% cocopeat+75% perlite, 25% perlite+75% cocopeat and 50% peat+50% pumice) and the sub factor was salinity stress (0, 100 and 150 mM NaCl) with 4 replications. Results indicated that substrate, different levels of salinity and their interaction had significant effects on morphological characteristics, days to flowering, fresh and dry weight of leaves, nutrients concentration and weight of the broccoli head. Maximum values of the aforementioned factors were observed in the zero salinity level and 50% peat+50% pumice substrate. This means that substrate can be effective on the effect of salinity on plants. High levels of salinity caused a reduction in growth and yield of broccoli and this growth reduction was accompanied by the reduction of chlorophyll and content of Ca, K, and Fe and increased Na and Cl concentration in leaf tissue. The best growing medium, either in saline or non-saline conditions, was 50% peat+50% pumice. Although broccoli growth was not suitable in perlite medium, this substrate caused its early maturing. In this experiment, salinity treatment reduced the head weight of broccoli, in addition to decreasing the quality of yield. According to the results, 50% peat+50 pumice is recommended as a proper substrate for production of broccoli.

Potential almond rootstock and thus main genetic sources for the breeding of its new rootstocks are almond itself, peach and plum, and these species cross-breeds Almond is a source of resistance to limestone and to drought because of its roots, which reach deep layers of soil; it is also more resistant than peach to Na and Bo. Asexual or vegetative propagation is a hereditable characteristic and this paper is a review of sources available on this character for almond rootstock breeding. The bibliographic reference regarding this species, vegetative propagation is very poor. Stem cutting is considered the most simple and economical method of propagation. It is important, particularly in horticulture for mass production of improved material within a short time and to perpetuate the characteristics of the parent plant. In this study the effects of different concentrations of indole-3- butyric acid (IBA) and medium type on rooting of hardwood stem cuttings of two rootstocks natural hybrids of almond × peach and the clone of G.F.677(as control) was investigated in plastic greenhouse with bottom heat, In this research 4 levels of IBA (0.3000,6000 and 9000 mg/l) and three levels of bed (perlait, cocopeat and, mixtures of 2 perlite + 1cocopeat) on rooting of hardwood cuttings of two almond × peach natural hybrids and control was used in a split plot based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Hardwood cuttings were prepared in Department of Horticultural Sciences of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad at January 2011. The basal one inch of cuttings was treated with IBA solution for five seconds at 3000, 6000 and 9000 ppm. the following components were determined, the rooting percentage of cuttings, number of root, length of roots, roots fresh and dry weight and volume of roots. Results showed that effects of different concentrations of IBA, on the rooting percentage of cuttings were significantly different at the %1 level compare with control. In this case were observed the highest of rooting percentage (40.9) at concentration of 3000(mg/l) and the lowest percentage (12.7) in control. The observations showed that treating almond hardwood cuttings with 3000 ppm IBA gave the highest significant rooting percentage compared with other treatments. Furthermore, results of many investigations indicated that, IBA increased rooting percentage, number of roots/cutting, length and fresh weight of roots. Also on the trait there were significantly differences in the %1 level between the growing Medias. Rooting percentage of cuttings expanded by bed of perlait. Results showed that effects of different rootstocks on the rooting percentage of cuttings were significantly different at the %1 level. In this trait observed the highest of rooting percentage at G.F.677 and there was no significant difference between the two other rootstocks.Treated with control rootstock with IBA at 3000 mg/l and Perlait resulted in the highest rooting percentage, the maximum number of roots and root length. In the traits rooting percentage, number of roots and root length was interactions between, concentrations × bed × rootstocks significantly different at the %1 level. The result was better than Gf677× 3000 ppm of IBA × perlite bed. Also effect of treatments concentrations on root volume was significant at the %5 level. Highest root volume obtained in a concentration of 3000 mg/l of IBA. From our preliminary results, it could be inferred that there is a correlation between types of rootstock, concentrations of IBA and media in rooting ability of hardwood cuttings rootstocks of almond × peach. In this study, the desired result was obtained from the interaction between treatments concentration of 3000 mg per liter of IBA in perlite media and GF677 rootstock.

Bicarbonates and carbonates are the main factors of alkalinity in irrigation water. In order to determine suitable growth medium for gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii L. cv. Dafne) under alkalinity stress condition, a factorial experiment with completely randomized design with 4 replications was carried out. The experiment consisted of 7 levels of substrate (100% perlite, 100% cocopeat, 75% perlite+ 25% zeolite, 75% peat+25% perlite, 75% cocochip+25% perlite, 75% cocopeat+25% perlite and 75% vermicompost+25% perlite) and NaHCO3 at three levels (0, 20 and 40 mM). The results showed that the highest and the lowest pH values amounts belong to 75% peat + 25% perlite and 100% cocopeat substrates. Sodium bicarbonate treatment, depending on the kind of growth substrate and NaHCO3 concentration, decreased number of flowers, flower fresh weight, flower stem length, flower diameter, flower neck diameter, flower vase life and chlorophyll index; although, this treatment increased the phenolic compounds. The plants grown in 100% cocopeat substrate, when exposed to sodium bicarbonate, had better qualitative and quantitative traits, ability of higher accumulation of phenolic compounds and higher chlorophyll index, as compared to other substrates. Therefore, it is concluded that gerbera's tolerance to alkalinity is low and the use of pure cocopeat substrate could provide a useful tool to improve alkalinity tolerance of gerbera plants under NaHCO3 stress.

One of the main factors of an aggregate hydroponic system is to use a suitable plant media with local origin. Thus the objective of this research was to study the possibility of replacement of cocopeat as an imported material with local materials and the effects of such media on the growth and flowering characteristics of Rosa hybrida cv. Maroussia. A randomized complete blocks design experiment with four replications was conducted. The treatments were nine growing media: cocopeat (100%), perlite (100%), leca (100%), cocopeat (75%) + zeolite (25%), perlite (75%) + zeolite (25%), leca (75%) + zeolite (25%), cocopeat (50%) + perlite (50%), cocopeat (50%) + leca (50%) and perlite (50%) + leca (50%). Results indicated that plants grown in cocopeat and cocopeat + zeolite showed high vegetative and reproductive growth. The highest number of flowers per plant was observed in in cocopeat (8.31) and cocopeat + perlite (7.81) substrates, which had no significant difference with cocopeat + zeolite medium (6.87). Adding zeolite to cocopeat, perlite and leca improved length of flower bud and number of flowers per plant over their pure medium. Also, adding cocopeat to perlite increased fresh and dry weight of cut flowers and number of flowers per plant. Based on the results and availability of zeolite in Iran, mixture of cocopeat (75%) + zeolite (25%) is recommended.