جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « کارایی مصرف آب آبیاری » در نشریات گروه « باغبانی »

Regarding the scarcity of water resources in Iran, management of planting dates and irrigation is necessary for wheat production. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of two planting dates of November (PD1) and February (PD2) and two irrigation regimes: traditional (T) and supplementary (W) on wheat yield and irrigation water productivity in the east of Isfahan. Field experiments were carried out during two consecutive seasons’ autumn and winter in the crop year of 2016-2017 in a clay loam soil. The results showed that planting date significantly affected wheat yield and water productivity (P < 0.01). Yield in PD1 was 11.5% higher than PD2, while water productivity in PD1 was 9.0% lower than PD2. Supplementary irrigation in clustering period had a significant effect on wheat grain yield. Comparison of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) calculated by FAO-Penman-Monteith method with that of applied irrigation water showed that the later in TPD1 and TPD2 treatments were, respectively, 40.0 and 19.9% more than the ETc. In traditional irrigation management (T), lack of coordinations between the supplied water and the timely water requirement based on ETc led to high water losses due to deep percolation and runoff. Supplementary irrigation regime on both planting dates significantly increased yield, with no positive effect on water productivity. We concluded that due to supply-oriented water management in the east of Isfahan, farmers use irrigation water more than what is needed for wheat yield production leading to less yield and much low water productivity than the potentials realizable in the region.

Effect of deficit irrigation on evapotranspiration, yield, water use efficiency and some growth parameters of Hamadanian pepper (Bivar) using a completely randomized design (CRD) with a full irrigation treatment (FI) and three deficit irrigation treatments (85, 70 and 55% application of water requirement; DI85, DI70, and DI55, respectively) in five replications was examined. Evapotranspiration in the FI, DI85, DI70, and DI55 treatments during the 66 days of the deficit irrigation application, were 337.8, 307.5, 281.1 and 244.2 mm and in the whole growth period were 396.2, 365.9, 339.5 and 302.6 mm, respectively. The plant’s morphological characteristics were decreased with decreasing the soil water content. However, in 79% of the cases, the difference between FI and DI85 treatments was not significant. Whereas, in all the cases, the difference between DI55 treatment and FI and DI85 treatments was significant. Applying deficit irrigation decreased the number of good-shaped fruits from 33.0/plant in the FI treatment to 15.6/plant in the DI55 treatment and similarly increased the number of bad-shaped fruits from 5.4 to 18.0 per plant. Crop yield and water use efficiency in the FI treatment were 18.98 ton/ha and 4.79 kg/m3, which did not have significant difference with the DI85 treatment (which had a yield of 17.75 ton/ha and a water use efficiency of 4.85 kg/m3). While there is not a statistically significant difference between the crop yields of FI and DI85 treatments, the DI85 treatment uses less water and gives crop yield very close to that of full irrigation treatment. Hence, the DI85 treatment can be recommended in the cultivation of Hamadanian pepper. In the severe water-scarce conditions, the DI70 treatment could be used to yield 13.48 ton/ha, which is 29% less than the FI treatment. Also, water use efficiency in the DI70 treatment was decreased by 17% compared to the FI treatment. Irrigation efficiency was 61.9, 65.3, 69.6 and 73.4% in the FI, DI85, DI70, and DI55 treatments, respectively