جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "calendula officinalis l" در نشریات گروه "باغبانی"

Marigold is widely used as an ornamental-medicinal plant. Interaction between nanoparticles (NPs) and biological systems is one of the most promising areas of research in modern nanoscience and technology. Researchers have reported the uptake of cerium oxide or ceria (CeO2) NPs by plants. The aim of this investigate was to determine the impacts of nanoceria on seed germination, growth and biochemical characteristics of 9-day-old seedling of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Seeds were germinated in Petri dishes containing eight various dosages of nanoceria (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 g/L). After 9 days, early growth and biochemical parameters were measured. Results showed that seed germination, fresh and dry weights of seedling, and lengths of radicle, plumule, and seedling stimulated at 0.05 and/or 0.1 g/L of nanoceria but retarded at higher dosages (after 0.2 or 0.4 g/L) of NPs. The contents of H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity incremented after 0.2 g/L of nanoceria. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and protein content were incremented at higher dosages of nanoceria. Also, the activity of phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL), phenol content, and antioxidant capacity stimulated at 0.8 to 3.2 g/L of nanoceria. The proline content improved at 0.2-3.2 g/L of nanoceria. Altogether, the results confirmed the inducive oxidative stress of nanoceria that was accompanied by plant defense system include antioxidant enzymes, phenolic compounds and compatible osmolytes such as proline. These results showed that nanoceria at the low dosages (0.05 and/or 0.1 g/L) caused a positive induction on marigold germination and seedling growth but by increasing in its dosage (more than 0.2 g/L), the results was reversed and showed toxicity that forced the plant to activate its defense systems.

This study was conducted to assay the effects of methanol foliar application (0, 10, 20 and 30% v/v) and bed cover (control, white and black covers) on yield and some physiological traits of marigold as a factorial based on RCBD. The results revealed the significant interaction effects of bed cover and methanol foliar application on chlorophyll a content and plant height. The highest plant height was belonged to black mulch × methanol (except for 30% methanol). The highest chlorophyll a content (2.3 mg g-1 FW) was attained by black mulch × 30% methanol. Chlorophyll b content was influenced by soil cover and the highest chlorophyll b content (1.1 mg g-1 FW) was recorded with black mulch. The flowers and leaves dry weight as well as relative water content and total soluble solids content were affected by the treatments and, the highest data for flower dry weight (116 g) was in 30% foliar spray and black mulch (103.6 g). The highest data for total soluble solids content (120 °Brix) and relative water content (49.7%) were recorded with 30% methanol foliar application and by black soil cover. For root-dry weight (15.3 g) and total phenolics content (95.05 mg GA g-1 Dwt), black mulch was the treatment of choice.

In order to study the effect of water deficit stress and different nitrogen levels on flower yield, yield components and water use efficiency of Calendula officinalis L., an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications, at research field of Islamic Azad University, Birjand branch in 2009. In this experiment, irrigation treatments (irrigation after 60, 120 and 180 mm cumulative evaporation from pan class A) set as main plots and nitrogen rates (0, 60,120 and 180 kg N ha-1) set as sub plots. The results showed that increasing irrigation interval from 60 to 180 mm cumulative evaporation reduced flower number per m-2, biomass yield and plant height 65.6, 69.3 and 8.3%, respectively. Also in comparison with control, irrigation after 120 and 180 mm evaporation reduced flower dry yield 16.2 and 72%, respectively. However, the highest WUE was related to irrigation after 120 mm evaporation (0.161 and 0.788 kg m-3 for dry flower and biomass, respectively). Nitrogen fertilizer utilization significantly increased flower yield, flower number, biological yield, WUE and plant height, but there was not any significant difference between 120 and 180 kg N ha-1 treatments. Interaction of irrigation and nitrogen on all traits was not significant. Totally, the results indicated that treatment of irrigation after 120 mm evaporation with 120 kg N ha-1 application is suitable for marigold cultivation in Birjand.

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of foliar spray of salicylic acid (0, 50, 100 ppm), ascorbic acid (0, 100, 200 ppm) and thiamine (0, 50, 100 ppm) on vegetative growth, flowering and photosynthetic pigments of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) plants at greenhouse of SB University of Kerman, Iran. Results showed that application of salicylic acid and thiamine increased number of flowering stems. Stem height increased only by application of thiamine. Fresh and dry weight of the plants affected by all treatments. Foliar spray of all treatments significantly influenced chl.b and total chl contents but differences in the amount of chl.a and carotenoids content was not significant. Application of all treatments reduced stomatal length while number of stomata and electrolyte leakage reduced only by application of salicylic acid. The highest amount of reducing sugars obtained by application of ascorbic acid at 200 ppm and thiamine at 100 ppm, respectively. Application of salicylic acid and thiamine significantly increased the amount of medicinal compound hyperoside.

This study was done to evaluate the effect of different planting arrangements (square, lozenge and rectangular) and various concentrations of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) fertilizer (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg/ha) on yield and essential oils quantitative of Calendula officinalis L., a medicinal and ornamental plant. The experiment was done as a factorial in randomized completely blocks design (R.C.B.D.) with 3 replications. The results showed that the plant height, the number of flowers, flowers dry weight, potassium content of aerial part, flower essential oil and carotenoids content in petals were significantly increased. The highest plant height (54.18 cm) was calculated from plants grown under 200 kg/ha K2SO4 and rectangular arrangement. Maximum number of flowers per square meter (727.93), flower dry weight per square meter (140.58 g), potassium content of aerial part (0.9 mg/L), essential oils content per square meter (0.27 g) and carotenoids content in petals (8.24 mg/L) were obtained from plants grown under soil conditions containing 300 kg/ha K2SO4 and with square arrangement. The results of current study recommend using of 300 kg/ha of K2SO4 and square planting arrangement for increasing the yield and essential oils content of calendula.