جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "hayward" در نشریات گروه "باغبانی"

In order to evaluate the nutritional status of kiwi vineyards (Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’) in Guilan province by multiple diagnosis (CND) method, 40 vineyards in two years (2018-2019) were surveyed. The leaf samples from the dominant variety (Hayward), from 30 vines and 10 leaves in four different geographical directions, (total of 100 leaves) in each vineyard were collected in August. The vines have been over ten years old in the east (Roodsar) and west (Talesh) of Gilan province. Then concentrations of nutrients B, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Mg, Ca, K, P and N were determined In this study, using the cumulative function model of variance ratio of (Fic (Vx) nutrients, multiple detection method and solving the equations of the third degree cumulative function related to nutrients, the average yield of 37.5 (ton/ ha) was determined as a separator between high and low yield groups. The results showed that there is a significant difference between high and low yield orchards in terms of nutrient concentrations. From the mean numbers of nutrients for the high-yield population, the desired concentrations of the 10 elements were obtained, including nitrogen 2.64 ± 0.28%, phosphorus 0.26±0.06% , potassium 1.62 ±0.58 %, magnesium 0.31 ± 0.08%, calcium 2.33 ±0.26 %, manganese 71 ± 0.0047 mg/kg, copper 14 ± 0.001 mg/kg, iron 173±0.00330 mg/kg, zinc 28±0.0006 mg/kg and boron 55±0.0029 mg/kg. According to the resulting norms, the frequency of elements deficiency of boron, manganese, nitrogen, phosphorus, copper and potassium was more than 50%, respectively.

Understanding of flower induction and its related physiological events are very important in regulating of the kiwifruit fruiting. In this research, kiwifruit flower induction was investigated using defoliation without girdling and with girdling on current shoots, 4-6 months after bud swollen, in eight treatments for two years. Based on the results, the year alone was not statistically significant for measuring traits, but its interaction with the variety and treatment affected significantly some of the measured traits. Defoliation without girdling of female Hayward and male Tomuri cultivars current shoots did not have a significant effect on the percentage of budbreak and percentage of fertile shoots, but the number of flowers per cane and means flower per new shoots of Tomuri cultivar was significantly greater than those of Hayward. The effects of defoliation with girdling treatment on the budbreak percent, fertile shoot percent, the number of flowers per cane and the mean flowers per new shoot were 32.92%, 4.00%, 4.00 and 1.29 flowers for Hayward and 47.08%, 52.5%%, 53.53 and 11.72 flowers for Tomuri respectively. Flower induction in Tomuri cultivar started two weeks earlier than Hayward about five months from bud swelling and peaked in mid-September. Flower induction in the Hayward cultivar began about five and a half months from bud swelling and lasted until the end of it’s when about 88% of the broken buds were fruitful.

Kiwifruit is a fast-growing deciduous woody vine that can be propagated in several ways. Nevertheless, seedlings have a strong and widespread system of roots than cuttings. The aim of this study was to find a simple and practical method for farmers to increase the germination percentage of kiwifruit seeds. This study was performed in a completely randomized design with five treatments of Cold Stratification (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks) at 4 ° C with three replications in the Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Center. The results showed that vegetative traits of seedlings such as stem length, seedling length, and number of seedlings with one true leaf were significantly different among stratification treatments. In the tetrazolium test, the average percentage of viable seeds was 72.22%. In non-stratified seeds, no germination was observed until the end of the experimental period, but the chilling stratified seeds showed 16.00 to 39.78% germination in different treatments. The highest germination rate (2.67%), seed germination index (18.96), seed vigor index (1935.52), mean daily germination (1.17 Seed per day), germination value (1.58), and peak value (1.13) were observed in 4 weeks Cold Stratification at 4±0.5 ˚C. Therefore, Hayward kiwifruit seeds need 4 weeks of Cold Stratification at 4±0.5 ˚C to break the dormancy and reach maximum germination.