جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "taxon" در نشریات گروه "باغبانی"

During the summer and autumn of 2020, in order to identification of some fungal taxa associated with plants, gardens, weeds and forests of Alborz, Gorgan, Guilan and Mazandaran provinces (north of Iran) were surveyed and infected plant samples were collected from grapevine (Vitis vinifera), Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), and little seed canary grass (Phalaris minor) plants. After isolation and purification of fungal strains, morphological and molecular investigations were performed using the sequences of the ITS rDNA genomic regions. Based on combined morphology and molecular data, four fungal species belonging to four different genera of Chaetomiaceae (Sordariales, Sordariomycetes) including Ovatospora brasiliensis from grapevine tree, Dichotomopilus erectus from Mediterranean cypress and Staphylotrichum longicolle from little seed canary grass, and Didymosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) including Pseudopithomyces chartarum from blackthorn are identified and introduced here for the first time. In the present study, all identified genera and species are new for the funga of Iran. In addition, little seed canary grass, grapevine tree, blackthorn, and Mediterranean cypress are reported as new hosts (matrix nova) for these recovered fungal taxa in the world.

Since establishment of the Herbarium Ministerii Iranici Agriculturae ("IRAN") in 1945, during field excursions to different regions of Iran, while sampling flowering plants along with some minor collections of mosses, after establishment of the herbarium of mosses in 1997, in order to expanding the said herbarium, regular samplings were started by the author in the form of research projects. While trying to identify the moss samples, taking into consideration of extensive molecular researches and phylogenetic analyses which are being carried out worlwidely, the scientific names of this group of plants, resembling other plants, are always subject to change at different taxonomic levels, hence it becomes necessary to update this information every now and then. Based on this, by reviewing all the moss samples in the above-mentioned herbarium using reliable sources, more than 240 species were identified, of which the names of 39 taxa were updated. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to present the first list of mosses of the “IRAN” herbarium including 248 species, 92 genera belonging to 37 families under 12 orders and four classes.

Onosma L. as a rich taxa in Boraginaceae including about 150–180 species, centered mainly in Irano-Turanian region. The genus faced with several systematic complexities lead to many identification problems as well as morphological polymorphism. Several authors have used setae characteristics in Onosma as the most important diagnostic evidence in delimitation and classification of species in addition to the natural group. Besides palynological and karyological studies, molecular evidences have also confirmed recent classifications. This genus has been classified as a sister to Maharanga A.DC as a central Asiatic taxon of Boraginaceae. Several ambiguities in identification and differentiation of species created a wide range of complexities among and also between the species. Onosma elwendicum Wettst., O. bulbotricum DC., O. rostellatum Lehm., and O. dichroanthum Boiss. are some examples facing with these problems. Also, Onosma olivieri H. Riedl., and O. lanceolatum Boiss. & Hausskn. as closest taxa in Flora Iranica, eventually are geographical ecotypes and can be synonym taxa. Besides this, some taxa following O. sharifii H. Riedl., O. paboti H. Riedl., and O. caeurelescens Boiss. do not have detectable type specimens with no specimens obtained from type localities. Therefore, every comment on taxonomy as well as systematic study of the genus, need to a perfect assessment of diverse ecotypes and geographical populations together with a detailed field works with emphasis on ecology and phytogeography of their habits.

The genus Phoma Sacc. consists of important fungal plant pathogenic species occurring on economically important cultivated crops in spite of many other saprobic species. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify 35 isolates of Phoma species and related taxa collected from different hosts by means of morphological and molecular characters. Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, actin and β-tubulin gene regions were conducted. Therefore, seven species including Boeremia exigua, Didymella acetosellae, D. bellidis, D. pinodella, Neocamarosporium betae, Phoma destructiva var. destructive, and P. medicaginis were identified and described, and among them, three species including D. bellidis, D. acetosellae, and P. destructiva var. destructiva are new records for the mycobiota of Iran. Also, B. exigua, and D. pinodella are reported for the first time from new host plants including Paliurus spina-christi, and Trigonella-foenum graecum, respectively. The morphological features and phylogenetic analyses were able to clarify the generic and species delimitation very clearly.

Twenty fungal isolates associated with leaf spots of nutsedge plants (Cyperus spp.) from north of Iran (Guilan, Mazandaran, Zanjan and Golestan Provinces) are examined. According to the results of the morphological studies of grown fungi on culture media, Curvularia clavata, Curvularia lunata var. aeria, Dactylaria higginsii, and Myrothecium brachysporum are new taxa for Iran mycoflora and reported for the first time. This is the first report of isolation of Alternaria alternata, C. clavata, C. lunata, C. lunata var. aeria, D. higginsii, Glomerella cingulata, M. brachysporum, Nigrospora oryzae and Pestalotiopsis guepinii of thenutsedge in Iran.