جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Cocopeat » در نشریات گروه « باغبانی »

The aquaponic cultivation system, which is a combination of aquaculture and hydroponic systems, is among the novel cultivation systems. In an aquaponics system, it is possible to simultaneously produce aquatic animals and vegetables. One of the most important components of each soil-free system is the selection of a suitable substrate. This substrate makes water and nutrients available for the root system and also contributes to the proper establishment of the plant. It must also be non-toxic and should not impair plant growth. Another point to consider in the selection of the substrate is its cost and availability, as the transport process will increase the costs of initial establishments in such systems. Amon vegetables, basil is a special crop with a short growing season and high economic value, which is also highly suitable for an aquaponic system. The present study was carried out with the aim of comparing some morphological and physiological traits of 'purple' and 'green' basil cultivars in different substrates in the aquaponics system.

 The present study was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replicates in a research greenhouse located in Zanjan city. The experimental treatments included 10 substrates (cocopeat, perlite, sand, pumice, cocopeat + perlite (50:50), cocopeat + pumice (50:50), cocopeat + sand (50:50), pumice + sand (50:50), pumice + perlite (50:50) and sand + perlite (50:50)) and two basil cultivars ('green' and pueple). The aquaponic system in this study comprised of a 300 L fish tank containing 100 common carps. The fish were nurtured twice a day with powdered fish feed containing protein, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, etc. The water in the fish tank was filtered and fish wastes were removed in a filtration tank before entering the aquaponics medium to be used by the plant root system. Chemical properties of the fish water including pH, and nitrite (NO2), nitrate (NO3), and ammonium (NH4) concentrations were controlled using diagnostic kits on a weekly basis. At the flowering stage, various traits including plant height, dry and fresh weights of roots and shoots, number of nods, number of leaves, and leaf area were measured to investigate the growth of basil plants. Also, physio-phytochemical traits including the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin were measured. Analysis of variance of the data was carried out using the SAS software. Also, the least significant difference method (LSD) was used for the comparison of means.

According to the results, the greatest plant height (60.57 cm), shoot fresh weight (90.57 g), root fresh weight (22.33 g), and leaf number (133.99) belonged to purple basil and the lowest value for these traits were observed in green basil cultivar. The results of the mean comparison for the morphological traits indicate the superiority of perlite + cocopeat compared with the other substrates. Basil plants cultivated in sand substrate exhibited the lowest values for growth traits compared to other treatments. Analysis of the interaction effect between substrate and cultivar revealed that the highest number of nodes (10.5), dry weight of shoots (25.17 g), dry weight of roots (4.67 g), and leaf area (17.13 cm2) were observed in the perlite + cocopeat substrate with purple basil. Conversely, the lowest values for these traits (5.23, 12.93 g, 1.46 g, and 11.03 cm2, respectively) were recorded in the silt substrate with the green basil cultivar. The results related to physio-phytochemical traits showed that the highest content of chlorophyll a (1.57 mg g -1 FW) and total chlorophyll (2.1 mg g -1 FW) were observed in the perlite + cocopeat substrate and green basil. Also, anthocyanin content was the highest (0.17 mg g -1 FW) when the purple cultivar was grown in the perlite + c cocopeat substrate. The lowest content of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll were recorded in the sand substrate and purple cultivar with 0.96 and 1.17 mg g -1 FW, respectively. Also, the lowest content of anthocyanin was related to the green basil cultivar with 0.058 mg g -1 FW.

Overall, the 'purple' cultivar of basil was superior to the 'green' cultivar regarding most traits in the aquaponic system. Also, substrates containing perlite and cocopeat led to better results compared with the other substrates, whereas the basil plants grown in sand and pumice had lower growth, relatively.

To investigate the response of transplant and whole plants of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) to the type of substrate and fertilizer, a factorial experiment was conducted as a randomized block design in Minab city of Hormozgan province with three replications. The first factor included four types of substrates and the second factor included five fertilizers levels. The results of the greenhouse experiment showed that the substrate type and fertilizer had a significant effect on the transplant traits. The results showed that the maximum leaf number and root dry weight of transplants were obtained in the cocopeat + vermicompost substrate. In each substrate, fertilizers improved the transplant traits, and organic and biological fertilizers were more effective. Thus, the maximum transplant height was determined in the cocopeat + vermicompost with algae fertilizer, and the maximum fresh weight and root volume were measured in the same substrate but with phosphozite fertilizer. The results of the field study showed that the evaluated traits were affected by the substrate type and fertilizer, and the seedlings previously grown in the substrates that improved their traits, had better growth after transferring to the field. The results showed that the highest number and yield of fruit, total soluble solids, and ascorbic acid were obtained in the seedlings produced in cocopeat + vermicompost substrate and organic fertilizers.

One of the most important species of roses is the Damask rose, some of whose cultivars are important for the production of essential oil and others are cultivated as garden roses. In order to investigate effect of indole buteric acid (IBA), growing media and cuttings diameter on the quality of rooting, an experiment was designed a factorial based on randomized complete design with 30 treatments and 3 replications. Treatment contained growing media at 3 levels (cocopeat 30%+perlite 70%, cocopeat 50%+perlite 50% and sand 50%+perlite 50%), IBA concentration at 5 levels (0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 mg L-1) and stem diameter at 2 levels (5-13 and 13-20 mm). Results showed that the survival rate of Damask rose was significantly increased by increasing the concentration of IBA up to 3,000 mg.L-1. The highest number of leaves was observed in 2000 and 3000 mg.L-1 of IBA and more thick cuttings. Interaction between IBA concentration and cuttings diameter in most traits was significant, except for root number. The highest root length, root number, leaf number, viability, and longest root length were observed in culture media 30:70 cocopeat and perlite. According to results, 2000 mg L-1 IBA, thicker cuttings and cocopeat 30%+perlite 70% growing media could be suggested for maximum survival percentage and root density.

Determining the wetting distribution pattern is essential for the proper design of drip irrigation systems. Identifying the pattern of wetting distribution enhances the efficiency of the irrigation system and water use. This study was conducted to determine the wetting distribution caused by a point source and compare it among different growth media as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor, the growth medium type, included 9 levels with a combination of zeolite, perlite and cocopeat; the second one consisted of the dripper discharge at three levels of 2, 3 and 4 liters per hour. The results showed that the effects of medium type and the interaction of the medium × dripper discharge on all measured quantities (volume of irrigation water, wetting diameter in 10 and 20 cm layers from the surface, maximum wetting area and wetting volume) were significant. The effect of the dripper discharge on all quantities except the maximum wetting area was significant too. The addition of 10% cocopeat to perlite had a positive effect on the wetting distribution pattern and increased the wetting volume by 79% at a discharge of 3 liters per hour; however, zeolite did not perform well, as compared to cocopeat, reducing the wetting volume by 30%. In general, the appropriate dripper discharge in all growth media was 3 liters per hour. The discharges of 2 and 3 liters per hour are suitable and cocopeat-perlite medium with a composition percentage of 20-80 led to forming a suitable wetting distribution pattern.

Licorice root pulp is an organic waste which may be used as a growth medium in soilless culture. A research was conducted in a completely randomized design with 8 replications to assess the efficiency of licorice root pulp as a growth medium for strawberry plant (Selva cv.) under greenhouse conditions for three months. In this experiment, four ratios (v/v) of perlite:licorice root pulp (75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100%) were compared with cocopeat:perlite (50:50) as control. Plant growth indices and fungal population of growth medium were significantly affected by the type of medium. Fruit yield and greenness index (SPAD) values were enhanced by the cocopeat-perlite mixture; but there were not significant differences with media comprising of 25 and 50 percent of pulp residue. Bulk density, water holding capacity and fungal population in the media containing 75 and 100 percent of licorice root pulp were higher than other culture media. In addition, plants grown on 75 and 100 percent of licorice root pulp had the lowest yield and SPAD values compared to other treatments. Licorice root pulp had higher contents of nutrients such as Mn, Cu, P, Fe and Zn, but, its K and Na concentrations were less than those in the cocopeat-perlite. Concentrations of Fe and Mn in the leaves were increased, while concentrations of P and Zn were decreased, by increasing the ratio of licorice root pulp in the culture medium.

To evaluate the effect of different culture media on growth indices of Pelargonium ×hortorum “Maverick Star” in plug culture, a greenhouse experiment was carried out based on a completely randomized design with seven treatments and four replications. The treatments were seven different substrates including peat moss (100%), cocopeat (100%), peat moss + cocopeat (60%+40%), peat moss + cocopeat (50%+50%), peat moss + cocopeat (40%+60%), peat moss + perlite (50%+50%) and cocopeat + perlite (50%+50%). At the end of the experiment, growth indices such as root volume, root fresh and dry weights, plant height, stem diameter, shoot fresh and dry weights, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content and flowering time were evaluated. Results showed that most of the measured traits were significantly affected by the culture medium. The medium containing 100% peat moss had the best effect on the evaluated traits and the weakest results on most of the traits were observed in 100% cocopeat substrate. Results also showed that adding peat moss to other culture media made some positive changes in most of the measured traits.

Application of suitable substrates is important for growing ornamental plants. Mushroom compost is considered as a waste in mushroom production. An experiment was done in a completely randomized design including the following treatments: substrates containing 50% cocopeat + 50% mushroom compost, 50% composted forest trees+ 50% mushroom compost, 50% perlite+ 50% mushroom compost, 50% leaf compost+ 50% mushroom compost and control substrate (70% agricultural soil+ 20% leaf compost+10% rice husk). The comparisons were carried out in 4 months; April, May, June and July and the the effect of different substrates were evaluated on the growing characteristics of Ficus benjamina</em> cv. Starlight.  The result showed the effect of substrate was significant on factors such as new leaf number, length and width of leaves while it wasn't significant on factors such as height, stem diameter and chlorophyll content. Also the effect of treatment time was significant on new leaf number, height, length and width of leaves, and stem diameter. The interactive effect of potting substrates and treatment time were significant on stem diameter, new leaf number, length and width of total leaves too. However, they weren't significant on plant height. Evaluation of results showed the best substrates for mixing with mushroom compost, were cocopeat, perlite and composted forest trees. Also growing indices were higher in plants that were treated in June and July compared tothe plant treated in other months. In conclusion, potting substrates such as perlite, cocopeat and composted forest trees in combination with mushroom compost are suggested to be used in the greenhouses.

Culture medium and nutrition are two important factors in determining the quantity and quality of greenhouse products. Accordingly, a factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design on strawberry (cv. Aromas) in the greenhouse of Department of Horticulture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. The first factor was two culture media (mixture of perlite and cocopeat with equal volumetric percent, and pumice). The second factor was three concentrations of humic acid (0, 300 and 600 mg/L). The third factor was harvesting period. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the fruits were evaluated in different harvesting periods. Results indicated that yield and qualitative characteristics of fruits were highly influenced by culture medium and humic acid. The highest average fruit yields were obtained in perlite-cocopeat medium (107 g/plant) and pumice medium (85.4 g/plant) from plants treated with 600 mg/L humic acid. The highest average fruit firmness (6 N), total soluble solids (6.19%) and soluble carbohydrate (58 mg/100 g fresh weight) were obtained in plants grown in pumice medium and fed with 600 mg/L humic acid and the highest average phenol (113 mg gallic acid/100g fresh weigth ) and vitamin C (34 mg/100 g fresh weight) were obtained from plants grown in perlite-cocopeat medium and fed with 600 mg/L humic acid. In general, and based on total measured traits, perlite-cocopeat medium, fed with 600 mg/L humic acid as fertigation method, is recommended for favorable quantitative and qualitative production of strawberry (cv. Aromas)

Aim of this study was the application of some organic materials in soil to improve pot marigold plant (Calendula officinalis L.) tolerance to drought stress. Experiment was performed as factorial based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments were consisted of 100% of pot volume soil (control), 1 and 2 g kg-1 nano-potassioum fertilizer, 30% of pot volume cocopeat (v/v) + 70% soil, 30% of pot volume palmpeat + 70% soil and 30% of pot volume madder plant residues + 70% soil in three levels of drought stress (40, 60, and 80% of field capacity). According to the results, with increasing the drought stress, growth parameters were significantly decreased. The highest plant height (14.3 cm), leaf number (70.3), fresh and dry weight of shoot (79.2 and 11.1 g respectively) and roots (34.06 and 9.3 g respectively) were obtained in interaction of madder plant resideue and 60% field capacity drough stress treatment. In severe stress (40% field capacity), plants in medium with palm peat showed the lowest height (7 cm), leaf number (11.6) and crown diameter (10.1 cm). Generally, results showed that madder plant residues with compared to other treatments increased pot marigold resistance to drought stress. Regard to low cost, high moisture keeping and high porosity of madder plant residues, it could be as a suitable substance in arid land to reduce water consumption.

Strawberry is one of the most popular and beneficial fruits in viewpoint of nutritional value which its production is increasing in greenhouse. In this study the effects of two culture media (perlite + cocopeat with 1:1 ratio or Pumice) and three concentrations of humic acid (0, 300, and 600 mg L-1) as fertigation method, on yield, number of fruit per plant, fruit weight and some of biochemical characteristics of Fragaria ×ananassa Duch. cv. Aromas were evaluated. The experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design. The highest number of fruit (18.42), single fruit weight (17.39 g) and yield (320.9 g) was observed in plants that were grown in cocopeat media. The highest content of soluble carbohydrate of leaf (36.7 mg/g fresh weight) and soluble protein of crown were observed in plants which grown in perlite + cocopeat media and received 600 and 300 mg L-1 humic acid, respectively. The effect of culture media and humic acid on the amount of leaf nutrients was very different depend on nutrient type. In general, to obtain the highest fruit yield in strawberry (cv. Aromas), cocopeat media and the highest concentration of humic acid (600 mg L-1) is recommended.

Production of ornamental plants is a global trade. The economic value of ornamental plants has been significantly increased in the past two decades. These plants have high potential for continuous development of domestic and international markets in the future. Alstroemeria is a perennial, monocotyledon, ornamental plant which is used as a cut flower or potted flowering plant for the home and as herbaceous urban landscape plant. Popularity of this flower is increasing because of its beautiful flowers, wide range of colors (orange, pink, purple, red, yellow, white, and the other colors), year-round flowering, as well as high yield.Nowadays, soilless culture has been developed a lot. Permanent use of soil nutrients in developing countries without adequate replacement has reduced production capacity and nutrients of soils. Therefore, selecting a suitable substrate is one of the main factors in producing high quality potted plants. Many factors affect the quality and growth of flowers including medium. Thus, we try to use substrates which have positive effects on flowers’ quality and its growth. Such substrates must be economical without any pollution of water or soil. In this study, the effects of peat moss, cocopeat, leaf manure and spent mushroom compost in three levels of 40, 60 and 80% in combination with Tuff mineral soil plus control treatment (100% of Tuff mineral soil) were investigated on growth characteristics and flowering of potted alstroemeria. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 13 treatments and four replications in the research greenhouses of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch. Alstroemeria rhizomes (2 to 2.5 cm) were grown in four liter pots. About three centimeters of leca was poured in the bottom of each container and then pots were filled with specific volume ratios of substrates which had been mixed completely. After that, rhizomes were planted and pots were irrigated. Irrigation was carried out every three days in spring and every two days in summer. At the end of the experiment, the number of leaves, flowers and flowering branches, fresh and dry weight of the shoot, rhizome size and flower life were evaluated. Results showed that the highest number of flowering branches, leaf number, rhizome size and shoot dry weight were observed in peat moss 80% treatment. The highest vase life of the flowers was obtained from peat moss 80% and cocopeat 40%. The highest shoot fresh weight was observed in peat moss80% and fungal compost60%. On the other side, the lowest number of leaves and flowers, rhizome size, fresh and dry weights of aerial part were obtained from compost80%. The lowest number of flowering branches was produced by compost 80%, leaf manure 40%, leaf manure 60%, and control treatments. Also, the least vase life of flowers was observed in Tuff mineral soil and compost 80%. According to results, the presence of peat moss and cocopeat in the culture medium increased the growth and flowering characteristics significantly so that the highest means of traits were observed in media with higher peat moss amounts. In substrates containing peat moss, optimum absorption of nitrogen and potassium will improve the quantity and vase life of the flowers. Absorption of the adequate phosphorus causes better root growth and therefore better absorption of nutrients and increases the number, longevity and size of flowers. Better performance of organic substrates than mineral soils can be due to higher porosity and water holding capacity of these substrates. Considering the results obtained from chemical analysis of culture media, peat moss had a significant effect on plant growth and yield because of higher levels of manganese and zinc nutrients. On the other hand, the positive effect of cocopeat on increasing some of the studied traits may be due to the physical and chemical properties of this substance and its high ability to keep up water and nutrients which provide favorable growth conditions for plant. It seems that the use of this material in combination with the culture medium improves the nutrition, ventilation and growth of the plant; therefore, this medium is recommended for the growth of flowering plants, especially alstroemeria. The reason of decreased growth in media containing leaf manure can be high electrical conductivity of theses substrates.

Broccoli is one of the valuable vegetables among brassicas which has received great attention throughout the world and is cultivated both in soil and soilless culture. Currently, we face restriction in high quality of the soils and water resources as two essential inputs in agriculture. Like other parts of the world, Iran is losing hundred hectares of its arable and fertile land annually due to salinity, alkalinity and waterlogging. One of the important strategies to overcome these adverse conditions is soilless culture systems. Among the different methods of soilless culture, substrate culture is more common and cheaper than others. Different kinds of organic and inorganic substances are used in soilless culture system, but the optimum mixture of growing medium is still a challenging issue. Physical and chemical characteristics of growing media can potentially affect the yield and product quality in direct and indirect ways. A good medium for soilless culture should have easy drainage, appropriate aeration, high water holding capacity and low price, as well as no weed seeds and pathogens. Therefore, this research was aimed to evaluate different prevalent growing media in broccoli soilless culture system.
This experiment was conducted as an outdoor soilless culture system in outdoor hydroponic site in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Recourses University (SANRU). To begin with, broccoli seeds were sown in transplanting tray, and after five weeks, the developed transplants were cultivated in growing bags in a soilless system. In this work, different mixtures of culture media were evaluated for yield component and mineral elements of broccoli. Ten kinds of different media comprising of cocopeat, perlite, sand, sawdust, sand놬ᶺ, sand뷪쨦ꚋ, cocopeatꗪ, cocopeatⱀ, cocopeat pumice, and cocopeatꗪힾ vermicompost were compared in completely randomized design with tree replications. At the end of the growing season, vegetative growth and yield components of broccoli were measured. The macro nutrients including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (k), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and sulfur (S) were then analyzed in the harvested broccoli. Four important micro elements such as Iron (Fe), cooper (Cu), boron (B) and zinc (Zn) were measured as well. A statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance in Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software (version 9.1) and means were compared using Duncan’s multiple range test at 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels.
According to the results, culture medium showed no significant effect on plant height, dry matter and the number of auxiliary heads, while it significantly affected diameter and weight of main head (p≤0.01). The highest head diameter was seen in sand뷪쨦ꚋ mixture which had no significant difference from cocopeat, cocopeatⱀ, and prlite犇⢥﫷ꚉ쨦ꚋ. The mixture of sand뷪쨦ꚋ resulted in the heaviest broccoli heads that were significantly greater than all other growing media used in the experiment. Since vermicompost contains some mineral elements like calcium, magnesium and phosphorus and some growth stimulators as well, mixing this substrate with sand can create an appropriate and ideal culture for root growth and development. Pure perlite and sawdust media contributed to the lowest yield with no significant differences from each other. The macro and micro nutrients of broccoli head were not significantly affected by growing medium, except for nitrogen and zinc. The highest concentration of nitrogen in broccoli head was recorded for pure perlite and sawdust which was significantly more than other media. The highest zinc concentration in broccoli head was observed in Sawdust medium (p≤0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between plant height and three main macro nutrients (N, P and K). The negative correlation between some macro nutrients and plant growth can be related to the excessive amount of these elements in nutrient solution. Positive and significant correlation was also seen among plant height, head diameter and head weight. In other word, the tallest plants could produce bigger and heavier head.
Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that a mixture of organic and inorganic substances can be better than a single substance medium. On the other hand, our results showed that role of medium substances and composition is not as important as nutrient solution, so an appropriate nutrient solution with a proper rate can potentially provide all plant's needs regardless of media composition.

The most important determinants of tomato fruits quality are color, size and firmness of visual quality and acidity, soluble solids, vitamin C and antioxidant capacity biochemical. In order to evaluate the effect of substrates on quality of four greenhouse tomato cultivars a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out. The treatments included four soilless substrates (rotten bagasse, rotten bagasse perlite (1: 1 V), cocopeat, cocopeat perlite (1: 1 V)) and four greenhouse tomato cultivars (‘Shaghayegh’, ‘Pardis’, ‘Valuro’, and ‘Izmir’). The results showed a significant effect of substrate on lycopene, carotenoids fruit and the lighting color of the fruit (L *). Cultivar had a significant effect on the size, weight and surface color fruit. The interaction of cultivar and substrates was significant at 1% on length, firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solids, vitamin C, antioxidant capacity and total phenol of tomato fruit. The highest firmness of fruits was observed in cultivar Pardis in the Cocopeat perlite (12.18 N). In general, Shaghayegh cultivar and Bagasse perlite substrate was recommended for successful greenhouse tomato fruit production.

This research was performed to investigate the effect of different substrates and humic acid on quantitative and qualitative traits of cut Rose (Rosa hybrida cv. Angelina) in soilless culture. A factorial experiment was carried out in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The first factor was humic acid (HA) at 4 concentrations (0, 2, 4 and 6 gr/L) and the second factor was six different combinations of substrate (1- Vermicompost Cocopeat, 2- Vermicompost Perlite 3- Vermicompost Zeolite, 4- Zeolite Cocopeat, 5- Sawdust Cocopeat, and 6- Zeolite Sawdust, as 50:50 ratio). Traits such as stem length and diameter, flower-bud diameter, fresh and dry weights of stem, chlorophyll index, and potassium and phosphorus content were measured. Results showed that application of HA and type of substrate was significantly effective (P

Rose is one of the most important flowers in the world, and is ranked first in the market of cutting flowers. An experiment was carried out to study the effects of different planting substrate on the quality and quantity of rose (Rosa hybrida var. Grandgala) flower. In this experiment, one-year-old rooted cuttings of commercial rose cv. Grandgala were transferred into different growing media including: 25% perlite 75% cocopeat, 50% perlite 50% cocopeat, 75% perlite 25% cocopeat, and washed sand, and nourished by one-half Hoagland’s solution, with pH of 6.5, for six months. In this study, effects of different planting media on different characteristics such as vegetative growth, photosynthetic parameters and nutrients were investigated. Results showed that planting media influenced all studied factors and differences between the four medium were clearly visible. Plants grown in medium with 25% perlite 75% cocopeat had the highest increase in growth photosynthetic parameters, and nutrients’ concentration as compared to other treatments. For example, increasing the percentage of cocopeat caused an increase in the number of buds on the plant. Number of buds in 25% perlite 75% cocopeat treatment increased 36% over washed-sand treatment. Also, the highest photochemical quantum yield of PS II photochemistry (Fv/Fm) was observed in 25% perlite 75% cocopeat treatment and the lowest Fv/Fm (0.724) in the plants grown in 75% perlite% cocopeat, respectively. According to the results, mixture of 25% perlite 75% cocopeat substrate was a suitable medium for hydroponic cultivation of rose var. Grandgala.

To compare the effect of the substrate on the cultivation of ornamental plants, Ficus benjamina cv. star light was chosen as a model plant. Nine treatments from 8 types of substrates with 6 replications were investigated in this study. Data analysis with SPSS software in (P≤0.05) showed the effect of different month were significant on stem diameter, height, leaf number and total length of new leaves. Also application of different substrates showed the effect of substrate wasn’t significant on stem diameter and plant height, while it was significant on number of new leaf, number of new lateral shoot and total length of new leaf. The interaction between the substrates and measuring time was significant on plant height, number of new leaf and total length of new leaf, but it wasn’t significant on increasing rate of stem diameter. According to the result of this study, substrate n containing [1/3 (3 perlite sand) 1/3 (1 leaf-mold 1 rice hull 1 cocopeat) 1/3 (2 mushroom compost 1 forest trees compost 1 rotted manure)] was the best substrate as for the most number of new leaf, number of new lateral shoots and total length of new leaf, also it was in suitable situation in height characteristic. Also in different measured month, the value of plant growth was increased with enhancement in air temperature in spring and summer seasons; insofar as the most increasing in plant height and number of new leaf were observed on July. So it is better that the plants growing should be delayed to warm seasons.