جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Transplant » در نشریات گروه « باغبانی »

One of the characteristics of ornamental foliage plants is the production of enough leaves and lateral branches to create a dense appearance. In some cases, it is necessary to treat some non-growing branches with some growth regulators to produce enough leaves and lateral shoots. The most common treatments are topping the branch and gibberellic acid application to produce more foliage on the plant. This research was conducted to study the influence of topping and application of gibberellic acid on vegetative and reproductive growth of African marigold as a bedding plant. In this study, topping as the first factor at three levels (0, 45, and 90 days before transplanting) and gibberellic acid as the second factor at four levels (0, 100, 200, and 300 mg L-1) were applied in a pot experiment outdoor under a factorial experiment with a completely randomized design, 4 replications in each treatment (4 pots in each replication). The seeds were planted in late summer. Then, approximately 7 cm long seedlings with six leaflets were transferred to pots. Plants were treated with gibberellic acid and topping 15 to 20 days after transplanting. Foliar spraying was carried out at three stages with 10 days’ intervals. Distilled water was sprayed on control plants. Results showed that using of gibberellic acid combined with a topping treatment increased the amount of chlorophyll index, plant height, length, and lateral roots volume. The number of opened flowers, bud and stem diameter had the highest performance at 120 days after spraying with 100 mg L-1 gibberellic acid. Therefore, topping combined with gibberellic acid at the concentration of 100 mg L-1 increased flowering and most other characteristics studied.

In order to study the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus supplier bacteria on tomato transplants characteristics, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications, was conducted in a greenhouse of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, in March 2016. The first factor was biological fertilizer application at five levels (control, seed treatment of azosperilium, seed treatment of Pseudomonas, Azosperilium soil use, Pseudomonas soil use), and the second factor was irrigation at two levels (four times a day and two times a day). In this experiment, Azospirillium brasilense strain (P) and Pseudomonas fluorescens strain (p-169) were used. The results showed that the use of biofertilizers of Azospirilium brasilense and Pseudomonas fluorescens in soil application compare with control, improved germination percentage, stem length, stem and leave dry weight, root fresh weight, decreased the time to appearance of sixth leaf and increased anthocyanins in the tissue (1.67, 2.9, 19.05, 9.25, 3.38 and 18.42%), respectively. So, Azosperilium brasilense and Pseudomonas fluorescens as soil use can be used in normal irrigation regimes to improve the quality, shorten the nursery period, reduce water stress and improving seedling tolerance to the transmission stress in the main field, in the production of tomato transplants.

The light is not only a photosynthesis energy source but also is a plant growth and development stimulation from germination to flower initiation process. The light quality plays an important role in all steps of growth process particularly in photosynthesis and morphological properties of plant species. Studies have reported that, LEDs present the maximum PAR efficiency among artificial lighting systems. LED lamps contribute to energy saving by 75 and 30 percent as compared to incandescent light bulbs and fluorescent lamps, respectively. LEDs emit blue, red, orange, yellow, green, red, and infrared light and can be used as a hybrid spectrum. For these reasons, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of quality of LED light on morphological and physiological characteristics of Solenostemon and petunia.

Research experiments were conducted on Solenostemon escutellariodes ‘Wizard Scarlet’ and Petunia × hybrida ‘Scarlet Eye’ in a completely randomized design with three treatments of different light quality and 10 replications. The seeds were planted in 105-cell seedling trays and in a mixture of 70% peat moss and 30% perlite. Seedlings were grown in natural greenhouse (control) and LED (50% blue + 50% red and 100% white light). The light intensity was 60 ± 5 µmol.m-2.s-1 for LEDs and the daily greenhouse cavity was 5 ± 14 µmol.m-2.d-1. Since the main goal of the study was to compare the effect of LED light quality with sunlight in conventional greenhouse conditions. The LED treatments were applied from the germination until seedling production stage in a growth chamber with the light/dark regime of 18/6 hours, 23±1°C temperature, and 50±5% relative humidity. While, their tray in the greenhouse with 55±5 mol.m-2.d-1 DLI, 21±5°C average daily temperature and 50±5% relative humidity (Data logger 8808 temp. + RH) were regarded as the control treatment. After eight weeks, the morphological and physiological traits were recorded. Finally, the data were statistically analyzed with SAS (9.4) software package, and the means were compared by LSD test at p < 0.05 level.

At the end of study, some morphological and physiological traits were evaluated. The results showed that the leaf area average (3.63 cm2), height (5.04 cm), internode length (18.62 mm), stem diameter (2.52 mm), shoot fresh weight (1.74 g) and chlorophyll fluorescence (0.83) of Solenostemon seedlings in 100% white light were more than 50% blue + 50% light green and greenhouse light. Also, the highest leaf area temperature (27.4 ° C), total chlorophyll (0.8 mg g-1 fw) and carotenoids (2.229 mg g-1 fw) were related to control treatment and the highest number of leaves (21), shoot dry weight (0.165 g), fresh (1.65 g) and root dry weight (0.114 g) were observed in 50% blue + 50% red light composition. According to the results of petunia, white LED light increased leaf area (1.74 cm2), shoot fresh weight (0.51 g) and root dry weight (0.03 g). The leaf surface temperature (26 oC) and total chlorophyll content (1.44 mg g-1 fw) in the control group were higher than the other treatments, and the carotenoids content (3.12 mg g-1 fw) was obtained in 50% red + 50% blue LED. The leaf surface temperature and total chlorophyll content in greenhouse light were higher than other treatments and the highest carotenoids (3.119 mg / g) were obtained from 50% red + 50% blue LED.

Light quality has a great impact on the growth and development of plants and is a powerful tool for controlling various processes .The results showed that different light sources with different qualities had different effects on different plant species and that LEDs could replace natural light in growing chambers and in areas where light was insufficient. Due to the increased quality and reduced transplant losses in the transplant phase and their low utilization, they are justified in terms of production costs. It should be noted that in addition to light; temperature, humidity and other environmental factors are also effective in transplant production. Based on the measured indices in Solenostemon, it can be concluded that the red + blue LED light transplanting stage is superior to other treatments. In petunia, white LED treatment caused the highest shoot and fresh and dry weights of roots and leaves respectively. Like Solenostemon, the highest chlorophyll and leaf surface temperatures were related to the control treatment and was superior to the petunia transplant in terms of the sum of measured indices of white light treatment.

In this experiment¡ the effects of drought stress and different levels of shade was studied on growth characteristics of transplant dwarf cultivar „Matador‟ of Lisianthus in a factorial design with two factors of irrigation and shade. After germination and in the 2-3 leaf stage of plantlet¡ treatments were carried out such as irrigation (100%¡ 75%¡ 50% of FC) and shade (0%¡ 50%¡ 70% of natural light intensity). 100%¡ 75%¡ 50% of FC irrigation equivalent 1 day after¡ 2 days after and 3 days after irrigation and 0%¡ 50%¡ 70% shades equivalent full sunlight (an average of measured radiation of 1852 µmol m-2 s-1)¡ 50% (an average of transmitted radiation of 926 µmol m-2 s-1)¡ 30% (an average of transmitted radiation of 557 µmol m-2 s-1 ) of light intensity¡ have been carried out¡ respectively. 100% of FC irrigation (1 day after irrigation) and 0% shade (natural light intensity) were considered control. According to the results the number of flowers and flowering branches decreased significantly¡ by increasing the irrigation levels; while the number of days from planting to flowering was increased. With increasing shade level compared to 0% (no shade) flower number¡ flower diameter and number of flower branch were increased. Maximum wet and dry shoot weight¡ relative chlorophyll content¡ soluble carbohydrate and photosynthetic performance were obtained with 100% of FC and 50% of shade. This treatment is recommended to produce seedlings dwarf cultivar „Matador‟ of lisianthus in nursery for urban landscaping of the current experiment conditions.

Melon produced by transplanting cause seed saving، reduce the risk of cold، pest and disease stress. In order to investigate the effects of growing medium and cultivars on characteristic of melon''s transplants، an experiment was conducted based on randomized completely design with 10 replications at the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during 2010. Treatments included 6 levels of growing medium (a1= 50% peat+25 % coco peat+ 25 % sand، a2= 50% peat+25 % coco peat+ 25 %+ 25% vermin compost، a3= 50% peat+25 % coco peat+ 25 % perlit، a4= 50% coco peat+ 25% peat+25% sand، a5= 50% coco peat+ 25% peat+25%vercompost، a6= 50% coco peat+ 25% peat+25% perlit) and 2 types of cultivars: Eyvanakey and Khatooni. The results indicated that the effects of substrate were significant in all of treats (leaf area، stem diameter، height of transplant، root dry weight، shoot dry weight، root wet weight، and shoot wet weight). 2 (50% peat+25 % coco peat+ 25 %+ 25% vermin compost) and a5 (50% coco peat+ 25% peat+25%vercompost) have better performance than others in all of treats. There is not any significant effect between cultivars and interaction between substrate and cultivars wasn’t significant.