جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "زنبورعسل" در نشریات گروه "بیوتکنولوژی و ژنتیک گیاهی"

Honeybees, as pollinating insects, are an important part of nature. Because behavioral traits are so important in honeybees, comparing brain tissue transcriptomes of the two subspecies with aggressive and calm behavioral characteristics makes it possible to understand this behavioral difference genetically. This study aimed to investigate to gene expression profile and identify the key genes in brain tissue in Italian (Apis Mellifera Ligustica) and African (Apis mellifera Scutellata) honeybees concerning behavioral traits. The Italian honeybee has calm behavioral characteristics, while the African is known as an aggressive honeybee.

RNA-Seq data were obtained from the NCBI  (GEO) database, and after pre-processing of reads, the brain tissue transcriptomes of both subspecies were aligned and mapped on the honey bee reference genome (v A.mel 4.5), and then data qualification, transcriptome assembly, differential expression analysis, and gene ontology were performed.

Differential gene expression analysis identified 16,701 genes on the honeybee reference genome, of which 22 genes in brain tissue between the two subspecies had significant differential expression (adj p-value <0 .05 and Log2FC>2). As well, some of these genes were first identified. Gene ontology analysis showed that among these 22 genes, such as ITPR, MRJP, HSP70Ab, MBS, GB45410, and Def1 are directly or indirectly involved in the occurrence of various traits such as defensive, health behavior, reproductive, heat, light, and smell sensitivity. In addition, the SNPs encoding the honeybee brain tissue genome were identified in both subspecies, and 99636 SNPs were identified in the Italian, and 92514 SNPs were identified in the African subspecies.

RNA-seq data, due to its high throughput, can provide us with accurate information about the expression of genes in different tissues in various subspecies. In this study, genes involved in honeybee behavioral traits and the SNPs in these genes were identified

Different techniques are used nowadays to assess genetic diversity in insects. Due to the importance of studying the genetic diversity and populationchr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s genetic structure in the conservation of species, the genetic diversity of Iranian honey bees collected from 20 provinces of Iran was investigated using PCR-RFLP markers. The 300 samples of young honey bee workers were collected from different parts of the country, and their DNA was extracted from the head and thorax according to the salting-out method with minor modifications. In this study, PCR-RFLP analyses of mitochondrial DNA regions (COI and 16S rDNA genes) were used, and each of these genes was digested by four restriction enzymes. The results showed very low genetic diversity in the studied honey bee populations. The observed and expected heterozygosity, Shannon index and the number of observed and effective alleles were calculated and found to be zero in most of the populations. The results of cluster analysis showed that the studied honey bee samples were scattered and integrated throughout the branches, none of them formed a separate population, and all of them formed a single group which can be due to the nature of the PCR-RFLP markers, low enzymatic polymorphism, haplodiploidy reproductive system of the honey bee, human activities, queen and hive trade among beekeepers, winter-summer displacements and migration to similar areas. Therefore, according to the results of the present study and its inconsistency with previous research, using PCR-RFLP marker is not recommended for future attempts to investigate the genetic diversity of honey bee populations.