جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شابیزک » در نشریات گروه « بیوتکنولوژی و ژنتیک گیاهی »

Belladonna (Atropa belladonna), from Solanaceae, is an annual plant and has an important tropane alkaloids called hyoscyamine. Considering the pharmacological and economic importance of A. belladonna and priority in its domestication and cultivation, advances in its tissue culture and regeneration methods of this plant under in vitro conditions is important to facilitate methods of gene transfer to this medicinal herb. So, in this research, optimization of cultivation conditions for callogenesis and regeneration of Atropa belladonna was investigated. For callogenesis, belladonna sterilized seeds were initially sown in MS medium. After seed germination and seedlings growth for two months, stem and leaf explants were cultured in MS medium including a combination of different hormonal concentrations of 2.4-D (0, 0.5 and 1 mg/l) and Kin (0, 1 and 2 mg/l).To evaluate the regeneration percentage of callus from shoot explants, Kin hormone was used in four levels (0, 3, 5 and 8 mg/l) using completely randomized design with three replications. These experiments indicated that, shoot explants had the highest callogenesis in terms of explant type. In terms of hormonal concentrations, combination of two hormones at concentrations of 2.4-D 1 mg/l + Kin 2 mg/l+MS and also, 2.4-D 1mg/l +Kin 1mg/l +MS showed the highest rate of callogenesis. Increase in the concentration of Kin hormone in MS medium was directly correlated with increase in regeneration percentage and the highest regeneration rate of 36.66% was observed at 8 mg/l.

The parasympatholytic tropane alkaloids, Atropine and Scopolamine, accumulated in Atropa belladonna, are of great interest for the pharmaceutical industry. In this research, Atropa belladonna transformed hairy roots were produced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain A4 mediated transformation. Effects of different concentrations of methyl jasmonate (0, 150 and 300 Micro molar) were investigated on production of Atropine and Scopolamine in 24 hours treatment. Then the contents of two tropane alkaloids, Atropine and Scopolamine, were assayed by HPLC method. The tropane alkaloids contents were shown to be significantly increased in transformed hairy roots. Results showed Atropine and Scopolamine content in transformed hairy roots reached respectively from 0.12 to 1.715 and 0.0195 to 0.43 of mg in 100 mg of dry weight. Methyl jasmonate dramatically enhanced both tropane alkaloids, Atropine and Scopolamine. Tropane alkaloids content increased in 300 Mµ concentration of methyl jasmonat in comparison with 150 Mµ concentration and control treatment. In conclusion, it is suggested that, hairy root can be used as a replacement of plants in further studies and for tropane alkaloids production in economical and commercial scales.

Atropa belladonna is one of the most important medicinal plants in Solanaceae family. It contains tropani alkaloids that often are synthesised in root. Present study was conducted in order to induction of hairy root in A.belladonna using gene transfer via Agrobacterium rhizogenes method. The stem explants with Agrobacterium suspensions harbouring rolB gene were inoculated. Then, in order to direct regeneration, five compounds (MS, MS + 3 mg/l Kin, B5, MS+ 12 mg/l Kin, B5+ 5 mg/l Kin)) in a completely randomized design with three replications was used. The statistical analysis indicated that among treated hormone, 12 mg /l KIN level in MS medium showed the most shoots direct regeneration. Two methods for the analysis of transgenic plants, phenotypic (observed in hair roots of transgenic seedlings), gene amplification of the rolB (using PCR) was used.