جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « mastitis » در نشریات گروه « بیوتکنولوژی و ژنتیک گیاهی »

Mastitis, a significant infectious ailment affecting dairy cows during both dry and lactation periods, has substantial impacts on animal health, economic profitability, and the dairy industry each year. This study seeks to utilize bioinformatics analysis not only to identify hub genes and biological pathways linked to mastitis in dairy cows but also to gain a deeper understanding of its implications.

21 microarray data samples were obtained from the GEO database (accession number GSE24217), comprising 9 healthy cow tissue samples and 12 E. coli infected tissue samples. These samples were assessed using GEO2R. Differentially expressed genes were identified based on two criteria: adjP-value > 0.05 and |LogFC| ≥ 1. Hub genes were identified using the CytoHubba plugin in Cytoscape software and topological analysis methods (DMNC, MCC, MNC, DEGREE). Signaling pathways were identified using the STRING tool based on an FDR > 0.05 index.

Out of 631 differentially expressed genes, 136 had low expression, and 495 had high expression in infected breast tissue compared to healthy ones. Among these, 205 genes were co-expressed in the network. 12 hub genes, including CCL19, ALB, GAPDH, PTPRC, ICAM1, IL6, IL1B, IL18, CXCL8, CCL20, CXCL16, and CCL3, were identified. The analysis of biological pathways revealed that the studied genes are involved in 66 biological pathways, with NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway playing important functional roles in dairy cow mastitis disease.

The discovered genes and pathways have the potential to enhance our knowledge of the complex molecular mechanisms involved in mastitis development. These discoveries could shape a thorough reform initiative focused on preventing, diagnosing, and treating mastitis. These insights are expected to pave the way for the creation of precise and dependable biomarkers for early detection and prevention of bovine E. coli mastitis, ultimately facilitating personalized treatment approaches.

Mastitis is the most costly disease in dairy cattle and usually occurs in response to intramammary bacterial infections. The identification of genes that their expression are altered in response to bacterial infections and to classify them into biologically functional groups help to understanding of the host response to a specific pathogen. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the expression of IL-2 gene in the mammary gland of healthy Holstein heifers at three stages of early, mid and late lactation and E.coli mastitis heifers. For this purpose, total RNA extracted from milk somatic cell of 18 healthy Holstein heifers (6 animals for each stage of lactation) and 4 clinical E.coli mastitis heifers in first lactation. To study of gene expression, the expression of IL-2 gene was compared with GADPH gene as a reference gene. For gene expression analysis, the REST, V2.0.13 2009 software was used. Our results showed significant increase of IL-2 expression in E.coli mastitis in comparison of different lactation stages. Maximum and minimum differences were found with early and late stages of lactation, respectively. Our study indicates that it was possible to verify changes in the expression of IL-2 gene in normal and E.coli mastitis heifers and the IL-2 gene may play important role in fighting intramammary infection caused by E.coli.

 It is reasonable to investigate the signaling pathways in diseases such as mastitis in dairy cattle, which are more likely to be affected by epigenetics.   In this research, 5 microscopic RNA molecules with the accession numbers bta-mir-223, bta-mir 21-5p, bta-mir-181, bta-mir-146a and bta-mir-16a in the sources were identified and extracted from the literatures. Using mirtarbase and targetcan databases, respectively, the confirmed and predicted target genes were extracted for each of the top microRNAs, respectively. Subsequently, the expression of the predicted and confirmed target genes for each of the top microRNAs in the mammary gland tissue was investigated at the NCBI database. In addition, using the DAVID software, cellular signaling pathways were identified in KEGG.   Based on the results, bta-mir-146a microRNA through effects on of 7 proteins, and microRNA bta-mir-223 through effects on 11 proteins and micro RNA bta-mir21-5p through effects on 9 proteins, involved in various cellular signaling pathways, sought to be involved in mastitis in dairy cattle. The results also showed that two bata-mir-181 and bta-mir-16a played an important role in crucial pathways such as the GnRH signaling pathway, Estrogen signaling pathway, Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation Oxytocin Signaling Pathway and MAPK Signaling Pathway.   This study shows that the microRNAs can be used as molecular markers to dissect molecular etiology of mastitis in dairy cattle.

Somatic cells are one of the milk components produced as a result of natural regeneration of the glandular tissue of mammary gland. The count of these cells in milk reflects the health state of cows; hence their level is an important indicator for improvement of livestock. In this study association between genotypes of genes located on BTA6 (OPN, PPARGC1A) and somatic cell count (SCC) in milk was investigated. Therefore, DNA was isolated from blood samples collected from 398 Holstein cows of Tehran and Esfahan provinces by salting out method. PCR-RFLP method was used for genotyping SNPs in genes. Linear models analysis with fixed effects of genotypes indicated significant associations between c.3359 genotypes of PPARGC1A gene and c.8514 genotypes of OPN gene with SCC (P

Mastitis is one of the most prevalent diseases of dairy cattle. In order to create genetic resistance to the disease, it is essential to identify resistant genes to mastitis. Toll-like receptors are the suitable candidate genes for enhancing genetic resistance to mastitis in Holstein cows. In this research, polymorphism of TLR4 gene’s promoter and its association with somatic cell count in a herd of Holstein cows in Isfahan was studied. For this purpose, DNA was extracted from 100 blood sample of Holstein cows. Two primers were used for amplifying the promoter of TLR4’s gene. These primers amplified 274bp fragments using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The amplified fragments showed A and B genotypes with 0.74 and 0.26 frequency respectively. The results of this study showed that these two different genotypes have significant effect on somatic cell count in the studied herd (P<0/01). With respect to low heritability of somatic cell count (0.093) and deficiency of direct selection for improving of this characteristic, selection on the basis of TLR4 genotypes can efficiently used for increasing genetic resistance to mastitis.

Milk is considered a nutritious food because it contains several important nutrients including proteinsand vitamins. Conversely, it can be a vehicle for several pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcusaureus. In this study, 123 milk samples of 123 cows from four farms of different geographic locations inQom were collected from March until November 2011. The samples were cultured on Blood agar andbacteria were identified by standard methods. On the basis of cultural and biochemical properties, 26Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from 123 milk samples. Among a 26 isolates, 9 isolates (7.31%)were positive coagulase and 12 isolates (9.75%) were positive DNAase.Milk is considered a nutritious food because it contains several important nutrients including proteinsand vitamins. Conversely, it can be a vehicle for several pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcusaureus. In this study, 123 milk samples of 123 cows from four farms of different geographic locations inQom were collected from March until November 2011. The samples were cultured on Blood agar andbacteria were identified by standard methods. On the basis of cultural and biochemical properties, 26Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from 123 milk samples. Among a 26 isolates, 9 isolates (7.31%)were positive coagulase and 12 isolates (9.75%) were positive DNAase.