جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « analytical hierarchy process » در نشریات گروه « جنگلداری »

The road network is an important element for sustainable forest ecosystem management. On the other hand, efficiency and quality of road design can be improved by considering of environmental and technical principles. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the capability of Arasbaran protected area for road passing and communication routes in order to use in the area management. For this purpose, criteria of the slope, aspect, height, soil texture, lithology, erosion susceptibility, vegetation density, distance to stream, and distance to existing road as the effective criteria for road design were identified by literature review, and their prepared maps were standardized with the fuzzy logic method. Then, the criteria were weighted using of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and finally were combined to prepare suitability map for road planning by weighted linear combination (WLC) method. According to results, the highest weight (0.289) and the lowest weight (0.033) were belonged to slope and height criterion, respectively. Finally, the area was classified into four classes with the capability of low, medium, high and very high for road network passing, that region with medium passing capability has the highest percent (49.83%). The study proved GIS and AHP capabilities considering to economic and environmental problems for developing the road capability map in order to use for road locating in Arasbaran area.

The decline of forest trees has always been one of the main problems of various ecosystems. Today’s, this phenomenon is occurring in the natural resources and forests of Zagros, and has a wider dimension every day. Various biotic and abiotic factors have been identified and introduced in different countries as the main factor or factors affecting the weakness, dryness and death of oak trees. But in Iran, the factor or main factors of the trees decline in the Zagros forest have not yet been determined accurately. The incidence and severity of this phenomenon in recent years due to the importance of forests in the province of Ilam from the viewpoint of in environmental issues and their becoming generous to oak decline, have been investigated. For this purpose, in the present study, in the multi-criteria decision-making space and the use of the AHP hierarchical process, six main criteria and a total of 28 sub-criteria were evaluated. The weight of each criteria and sub-criteria was computed by distributing 30 special questionnaires of forest specialist and obtaining opinions from experts group and using Expert Choice software version 11. The results showed that the highest weight was for drought and climate change (0.289), and the lowest weight for the quantitative and qualitative criteria of the tree and its forestry characteristics (0.097). Other criteria In order of importance were; pests and diseases (0.194), human and animal factors (0.192), air pollution (0.123) and site quality of habitat (0.105).

The aim of the study was to provide an intelligent artificial neural networks-based method for modeling the capability of Arasbaran protected area for road crossing, in order to design, modify, and appropriate development of existing road network and communication routs in the region. First, using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method, and utilization the effective informative layers on routing, the suitability map of road construction was prepared to provide training samples in ArcGIS. In the following, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) network was used to estimate the suitability value of road crossing. In order to evaluate the neural network’s model performance, the results were compared with the results of multivariate linear regression. According to the results, artificial neural network and statistical method of regression were shown to be useful in determining the suitability value of road crossing with coefficient of determination (R2) 0.908 and 0.901, root mean squared error (RMSE) 0.0385 and 0.04, respectively. Neural network results were relatively better than regression. Also, according to the results of sensitivity analysis of input variables, four criteria of slope, bedrock, erosion susceptibility, and soil texture showed the highest influence in estimating the model, respectively.

The present study aimed to provide the best locations for forest fire fighting stations in the Sardasht forests located in the northwest of Iran. For this purpose, site selection map for construction of firefighting station was prepared using five factors consist of proximities to river, to road, to former fires, to forest edge and to residential areas. In order to extract the weight of the selected criteria in locating suitable areas, each criterion was compared in a pairwise manner using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the weight of each criterion was obtained using the Expert Choice ver.11 software. Results showed that proximity to road with 24 percent of importance had the highest weight among the selected criteria for locating the forest fire fighting stations. After providing weighted maps of criteria and their integration and applying land use restriction layer map, final site selection map was created. Preliminary results of this study made this point that the proposed zones cover about 29 percent of the study area, with good conditions required for construction of fire station. After excluding the small zones with an area less than 5 ha, one of the most suitable zones was proposed as the best location for construction of fire station. Furthermore, the validation of proposed zone and station location was carried out using a previously developed fire risk map with consideration of 10 km action radius surrounding the station. The selected zone covers about 97.81 percent of susceptible regions from high to very high classes regarding the forest fire hazard

Zagros forests as the most extensive forests in Iran have a special place for living and livelihood of local communities. Therefore, planning to prevent further degradation and proper management in order to preserve and restore these forests is necessary. Therefore, in this study, the effective factors on participation of local beneficiaries in management, preservation and reclamation of oak forests of Lorestan are identified and ranked. The statistical population of this research consisted of experts in natural resources and environment and collecting data using field Scrolling and completing 20 questionnaires. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used to analyze the data. The results show that economic factors relative to social, environmental and infrastructure factors most weight in participation of foresters in management, preservation and restoration of oak forests of Lorestan ranked first. By creating a variety of jobs for forest residents, their income will increase, and as a result, the dependence of local people on the forest will be reduced, resulting in increased participation and protection

Sustainable management of a forest management unit requires adapting to international and national criteria and indices at the local level. In this study, criteria and indices of sustainability were determined and prioritized in Lirabi watershed of Ardal in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. According to the local condition, 6 criteria and 30 indices from the initial 10 criteria and 48 indices were selected. The results of weighting criteria showed that economic and social, conservation and protection functions are of greatest weight amongst the others. Amongst the indices, the following were determined to be of greatest importance: livestock management and its contribution to reduce damages, strengthening of protective forces, economic development and participatory afforestation, increasing the non-wood forest products, involving and equal rights of local communities in the benefits of forest, training the locals for alternative jobs and developing mechanisms for resolving conflicts between people and the Department of Natural Resources. The results of this study can be used as a guide to develop local criteria and indices.

Degradation of Zagros forests has been continuing since a long time ago because of traditional and often improper exploitations due to poverty, unemployment, and livelihood. In this study, in order to reduce forest degradation and improve sustainability, the feasibility of multipurpose using of Zagros forest was assessed in Baneh forests by using GIS, RS and AHP. All of the possible land-uses as well as criteria and sub-criteria were identified based on expert's judgment and literature reviews. Subcriteria maps was created using available data, field works, and IRS-P6 imageries. The weights of subcriteria were determined using AHP. The priority maps of each land-uses was produced with a weighted linear combination method using GIS. The final priority map was achieved by overlying the individual land-use priority maps. The final ecological capability map was prepared by editing the priority map. The results show the main area of current land-uses does not match with the ecological potential. However, ecologically, various land-uses meaning multiple-use can exist separately or together in the study area leading to reducing people’s dependence on forest trees, degradation and improving the forest sustainability.

This study aimed to extract effective spatial criteria in construction of forest fire fighting stations. In this study for extraction and prioritization of effective criteria, Delphi and AHP methods were used. To determine effective criteria, the opinions of experts and specialists in a Delphi approach were asked to clarify the influencing factors to allocation of land to forest fire fighting stations. In the first stage after sending and collecting questionnaires, mentioned criteria by experts were examined and using expert perspective the criteria that have less importance was omitted. Finally the following criteria were selected: Proximity to residential areas, Proximity to river, Proximity to post fires, Proximity to road, and Proximity to forest edge. Then with using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), weight or relative importance of each selected factors were obtained. Based on results the highest important factor was the proximity to road with 0.25 weight among other factors. Then Proximity to river (0.23), Proximity to post fires (0.22), Proximity to forest edge (0.19) and Proximity to residential areas, were next in rank, respectively. Also pairwise comparisons of sub-criteria for each factor showed that areas close to roads, river and areas with a history of prior fires in forest regions and also areas close to residential areas have highest importance in allocating land to the forest fire fighting station.

This research aimed at mapping the risk of wildfire based on a number of influential factors including Elevation، slope، aspect، average annual precipitation، average maximum monthly temperature، land use/land cover، distance from road، distance from river، distance from agricultural lands and population density. The study was conducted in a study site encompassing 273. 3 km2 near Sardasht in northwest Iran. The burned areas were initially mapped by field visits. Then، using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method، influence of each factor on occurrence of fire was compared pairwise and weights were assigned to them. The frequency ratio method was used to derive a weight for individual classes of each factor. This was followed by mapping fire risk zones based on weighted combination of digital maps of the influential factors. The zonation map was later divided in five risk classes (ranging from very high to very low) by Jenks method. Validation of the risk map indicated the 98. 44 percent of the observed fires to be located in the mapped high risk zones. This represents the high accuracy of the applied technique for wildfire risk mapping across the study site.

Recreation planning is not only as a tools for enhancing of socio-economy levels of the people but because of its conservational functions can provide a dynamic conditions for conservation of natural resources. With respect to this point that the first step in recreation planning like planning for any activity is the evaluation of land potential for that activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of ecotourism of Babolrood watershed in Mazandaran province by using of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geographical information system (GIS). For this regard، firstly the most important effective criteria and sub-criteria in evaluating of the potential for recreation in the study area were determined by using prior researches، conditions of study area and expert knowledge. After that، some questionnaires were provided and between different experts were distributed. The weight of criteria in each questionnaire was calculated and then the averaged weights were estimated. With applying of AHP method and Expert Choice software the final weight for each criteria and sub-criteria was determined. After that، the needed maps for this evaluation were provided in GIS environment. At the end، with help of Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) technique the final potential map for the ecotourism development of region was provided. The results showed that 19/33 percent of study area has a high potential and 52/81 percent has a good potential for ecotourism. In addition، 23/19 percent has an average potential، 1/84 percent has a weak potential and 2/82 percent is not suitable for recreation land use.

The main purpose of the current study was to design less costly forest roads using cost zoning map. For this purpose, the most important effective factors on cost of forest road construction were weighted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Five factors, terrain slope, hydrology, geology formations, soil texture and road slope, were weighted using the AHP. The cost zoning map was developed after weighting the supposed factors and overlay their corresponding map in ESRI Arc GIS 9.3 environment. In Next step, two variants of forest road were planned to connect the start point to the end point, using a 1) Shortest Path (SP) algorithm and 2) a skill expert. The results showed that the length and the cost of the variant planned by SP algorithm were 55% and 65% lower than the path planned by the expert before designing in the field, respectively. The results of the study after designing both planned variants in the field, demonstrated that the length and the cost of the SP-based feasible path were 19% and 21% lower than the expert-based variants, respectively. This means the SP saved 916000000 Rials. The results showed that using the zoning map cost in combination with a shortest path algorithm can lead to a more favorite layout of the forest roads than traditional methods of planning.

Forests area of Iran in comparison with the world is very low and this low area is in demolition threat always. Hence, the remainder of these forests should be managed based on ecological capability evaluation. With regard to importance of subject, in this study, ecological capability for forestry in the Babolrood watershed, Mazandaran province, was evaluated and for this purpose, the Analytical Hierarchy Process and Geographic Information System (GIS) were used. Respectively in first, Criteria and indicators were selected and relative weights were assigned using Delphi method and expert's judgment. Then, indicators were mapped in GIS environment. In final, ecological capability map for forestry was created using GIS-based Weighted Linear Combination technique. Results showed that 4072.5 hectare for forestry has one class capability and respectively 25667.2, 8801.5, 1482.9 and 103.1 hectare have the two, three, four and five classes’ capability. 11597 hectare of study area has got no capability for forestry.

This paper presents an optimum framework for MDF industry location selection in Mazandaran Province. Each type of industrial activity should be assessed according to the existing potential in each province، otherwise undesirable results such as environmental pollution، increase of some costs of production and unfavorable uses of some sources may result in. Furthermore، some provinces and regions may have priority over other regions owing to primary facilities and infrastructures for creating a special industry. Possessing raw lignocellulose materials needed for establishing wood and paper industrial plants، Mazandaran province has priority over other provinces which lack these resources. Increases in exports mandates new industrial units establishment. For industrial development that results in better recognition of capability of different regions، a useful method for location selection should be used before establishing industrial units. This model uses AHP benefit/cost ratios method and the best alternative is the eastern part of Mazandaran.