جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « عضلانی » در نشریات گروه « مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی »

This study was aimed to determine human and machine causes including musculoskeletal disorders for 399MF tractor drivers in Iran, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province (city of Yasouj, Dena, Dehdasht and Gachsaran). The data was collected by using musculoskeletal and aided Nordic questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS 21 software as well as independent T-test and (Chi-Square) X 2. The mean age of the study population, was noted to be 36.33, mean weight and mean height were 85.35 kg and 172.82 cm, respectively. it was found that 91.9% of studied drivers suffered at least once in one part of the body during 12 months. The most frequent injuries and disorders proved to be neck (83.54 %) and back (75.33%), respectively and the lowest was the feet and ankles (17.36 %). The results obtained from Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA) technique proved that in 20 investigated work condition, 13 cases were in a high dangerous status and 7 ones were in mid dangerous status which need special attention. Main ergonomic problems were the force exerted on the knee, bending and torsion force on the waist and neck. This study indicated that the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of MF399 tractor drivers needs to be urgently modified.

People in different jobs may face skeletal problems in their body due to poor physical conditions as a result of poor working conditions and inappropriate equipment. Harvesting tea is one of those jobs that are known as a very vigorous process and it requires hard work and perseverance. Moreover, after water, tea is the most widely consumed beverage in the world. This fact highlights the great importance of jobs related to tea. The most prevailing method used for tea harvesting in Iran is manual harvesting, although this job in some regions is mechanized. Manual harvesting intensifies the hardness of this job.
This study was launched and aimed to find harmful postures in tasks related to tea plucking in order to reduce the intensities in this job. To obtain this goal workers’ postures were needed while working. Different postures should be attained by filming during a working day. Films were recorded from 30 workers in tea farms at the different parts of Lahijan region, Iran, and were analyzed by modeling tea harvesters’ bodies by CATIA software. Then, the modeled postures were analyzed by three OWAS, REBA and RULA.
According to OWAS analysis, 30% of postures placed at the first level, that means the postures have not harmful effects on musculoskeletal system, and the corrective action is not required. 10% of the tea harvest labors population was placed at level 2 so the posture has harmful effects on musculoskeletal system and the corrective action is necessary in the near future. This situation is not critical, only needs more attention. The corrective actions require soon in the third level. 33% of analyzed and modeled postures were in this level. In the fourth level which is absolutely critical and has biomechanical strain with very traumatic effect on musculoskeletal system and it is necessary to exert corrective action immediately, 27% of postures were observed.
The results of REBA analysis showed that 24% of workers’ postures in tea farms and under this study were at level 1 where the risk level is low and the corrective action may be necessary to them. 53% of workers are at level 2 who are at the average risk and corrective action is necessary for them. 23% of tea harvesters are in level 3 with high level of risk, therefore the corrective action must be performed immediately. Finally, similar to results obtained from the analysis of OWAS, no posture placed at level 4. The results of RULA analysis show that there is no posture in positions 1 or 2 and all positions need to be investigated. According to this analysis, 2% of tea harvester's postures are in position 3 and no posture in position 4. Therefore, in total, 2% were in second level. According to RULA analysis, 16% of worker's postures were in position 5. 44% of postures of tea harvesters working in different parts of Lahijan region were in position 6. Accordingly, 38% of the postures were in position 7.
The findings from this study showed that the highest prevalence rate of musculoskeletal pain or discomfort was in the trunk region (92%), following by the neck and upper arm (38%), lower arm (23%) and wrist (15%). For men the most frequent disorders were trunk (89%), upper arm and neck (33%), lower arm and wrist (22%). The results from this study also revealed that all women in this occupation faced musculoskeletal problems in the trunk region (100%). After trunk, neck and upper arm (57%) and lower arm (25%). No disorder was seen in wrist region in this analysis, which is consistent with female labors’ report. After this analysis finding uncomfortable postures in each duty and making changes in simulated bodies in CATIA software in order to reach a lower grand score can be helpful to improve working conditions. Reanalyzing new posture is the stage to obtain new grand score. Final step in this case is reporting harmful and improved postures to employees and employers. Notice that improved postures are not valid unless workers can have acceptable access to their work. Similarity between the results of OWAS and RULA methods and the difference from the results of REBA method could come to conclusion of not using REBA method for jobs similar to tea plucking.

This study was conducted among dates’ packinghouse workers with the objectives of a) determining of MSDs prevalence and b) evaluating level of exposure to MSDs risk factors. The results of this study can be used to develop MSDs preventive strategies in the workplace and improve workers’ health. This study was a descriptive- analytic approach performed on 98 workers at 6 activities and 29 working postures by using REBA method. The prevalence of MSDs was obtained by using Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). The data were analyzed by independent t-test، Chi-square and proportions test with P<0. 05 as the limit of significance. The average of age and job tenure was 34. 9±14. 86 and 7. 01±5. 79 years، respectively. The 69. 4% of the workers suffered from some kind of symptoms during the last 12 months. The highest prevalence was reported in lower back (30. 6%)، knees (25. 5%) and ankles/feet (23. 5%). The result of REBA evaluation method showed that 19 postures were at average risk and in need of necessary corrective action and 4 postures were at high risk and possible correction actions were necessary. This study demonstrated that WMSDs occurred at a high rate in the study population. Major ergonomic problems were found to be awkward postures، manual material handling، back rotation and bending. Furthermore، based on the REBA results، implementation of interventional corrective measures to reduce level of workers'' exposure to WMSDs risk factors was essential.

One of the major targets of agricultural mechanization is body and psychic discomfort reduction that it follows by method, devices and work condition reformation. Due to less development of vegetables mechanization, many of operations are done by hand in Iran and around the world. Regarding high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among farm workers and due to lack of information concerning posture analyzing; this cross-sectional study was carried out among 95 vegetable farm workers by using Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) through interview and Ovako Working-posture Analysis System (OWAS) to identify working postures precisely in order to revise their work stations. χ2 and logistic regression were performed to analyze the data. Regression analysis showed significant relationship between back pain and gender, lifting loads more than 25 kg, age, work experiences and education, between knee pain and, age, work experiences and education, between shoulder pain and work experiences, and between neck pain and lifting loads more than 25 kg and age. Due to a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and harmful postures in farm workers, revision of work operation and use of appropriate equipments in these jobs and ergonomic intervention is suggested in order to correct poor postures.