جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "ایندول بوتیریک اسید" در نشریات گروه "زراعت"

urban green spaces have natural ecological value and provide entertainment and many physical and mental benefits for citizens. In the science of ornamental horticulture and green spaces, the aesthetic aspects of plants as well as their role in controlling adverse environmental conditions such as air pollution, strong winds, strong sunlight, snow and rain, and floods are considered. The Ligustrum lucidum plant is considered an excellent landscaping plant in most areas due to its resistance to pests, air pollution and wind. In addition, it grows quickly in poor soils and provides good shade. The hard rooting of this species and the long rooting process led to the design and implementation of this research.

In order to investigate the effect of indole butyric acid hormone and nutritional elements iron, zinc and boron on the rooting of Ligustrum lucidum plant cuttings a factorial research was conducted based on a completely randomized design with two factors and three replications. The first factor includes different concentrations of indole butyric acid hormone (0, 50, 100, 150 parts per million) by spraying on leaves and the second factor includes three iron nutrients with concentrations (0, 4, 8, 16 parts per million), zinc with concentration of (54.0, 0.27, 0.08, 0.0 parts per million) and boron with concentration of (26.0, 26.0, 0.54, 0.0 parts per million) as irrigated fertilizer.

The results showed that the highest rooting percentage and the highest number of buds and leaves were observed in the 50 ppm indole butyric acid treatment. The longest root length was affected by the treatment of indole butyric acid 100 ppm and the highest number of roots was seen in the interaction of indole butyric acid 50 ppm and boron 0.26 ppm and zinc 0.27 ppm. The concentration of 50 and 100 ppm of indole butyric acid and 1.08 ppm of zinc also caused a significant decrease in the amount of total phenol. Also, among the treatments, the lowest amount of peroxidase enzyme activity was related to the use of indole butyric acid 50 and 100 ppm and iron 4 ppm.

The results of the present study clearly show that the spraying treatment of indole butyric acid and its combination with some nutritional elements such as zinc, ferrous and boron can improve and accelerate the rooting process of Ligustrum lucidum cuttings, and their use in commercial nurseries can be recommended for propagation through stem cuttings.

Culture medium and growth regulators type can influence the growth traits and for determining the most effective medium and hormone compositions an extensive studies are needed; otherwise the culture medium may have a negative effect on the growth traits. In this research the effects of two culture media (B5 and MS) supplemented with two growth regulators (IBA and BAP) with different concentrations (0.5, 0.9, and 1.5 for IBA and 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 mg/l for BAP) alone or in combination was evaluated. Studied traits were number of leaf per shoot, shoot length, number of regenerated shoots based on completely random plan with 5 replications.

Explants provided in the beginning of spring from mother plants growing in open environment. Shoot tips and axillary buds (0.3-0.4 cm long) used as the explants. After washing with tap water, explants were immersed in ethylic alcohol for few seconds (3-4 seconds) then immersed in mercuric chloride (0.005 W/V) for 5 minutes which supplemented with few drops of tween 20 and finally washed three times with sterile distilled water. Disinfected explants cultured on medium under air laminar flow bench. Growth chamber was adjusted to 16 hours light and 25 to 27ᵒC.

The results of variance analysis demonstrated significant differences between media, hormone level and interaction between hormone concentrations for traits studied. The results showed the longest shoot (6.39 cm) and the highest shoot number (13.65) obtained in MS medium supplemented with 0.8 and 0.4 mg/l BAP respectively. In this experiment the highest root number (8.41) and root length (14.75 cm) was observed in B5 and MS medium containing 0.9 and 1.5 mg/l, IBA.

Overall the most shoot proliferation of this rootstock occurred in MS medium. New shoots in MS medium showed normal and better growth comparing to shoots obtained in B5 medium, that can be one of the results of higher amount of nitrogen (ammonium nitrite) in MS medium. In B5 medium with all hormone treatments weak growth observed for this plant. In fact this medium was made for herbaceous plants and this is one of the main reasons why penta rootstock did not showed good growth symptoms on this medium.

  Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica L.) is a valuable ornamental plant from climbing groups with many usages in green space. Thus, its production in short time with better commercial quality is very important. One of the important proceedings in propagation process of plants is improving the speed of rooting and shortening this propagation stage. This is happening mostly with the use of various chemical compounds and methods. Today, use of natural materials as an alternative for chemical compounds is concerned with improving rooting of cuttings in ornamental plants that in some cases have observed better and effective influence of these compounds compared with chemicals. Current research has taken place for studying the effect of some natural compounds (organics) in compare with the usual and chemical rooting compound (IBA) on rooting of honeysuckle's stem cuttings. Also, effect of kinds of human hormonal pills on rooting of this plant were studied. This experiment based on completely randomized design with 25 treatments in six groups of treatments including Indole butyric acid (IBA), aspirin pill, LD pill, natural honey, grape syrup and Arabic gum in four concentrations comparing to control (distilled water) in five replications with five cuttings in each replication was done in Gorgan agricultural research center and horticultural department laboratory during 2015-2016 year. Rooting traits including rooting percent, number of primary and secondary roots, length of primary roots, fresh and dry weight of roots and survival percent of Honeysuckle stencuttings were measured in this experiment. According to obtained results from this experiment, natural and chemical treatments had significant effect at 1% Level on rooting traits of Honeysuckle's stem cuttings. The best and highest quantity and quality of roots were observed in 1000 mg/l of indole butyric acid and 60% of natural honey. Study of other natural and chemical treatment showed that %20 concentration of Arabic gum, % 20 grape syrup, 0.5 pill/L aspirin (40 mg/L) and 2 pill/L human LD (0.36 mg/L) showed the best results in compare with other concentrations and control. Due to the desirable effects of natural compounds such as natural honey on rooting of Honeysuckle cuttings, by consideration the economic efficiency, health and effective role of this compounds in organic agriculture, the use of these natural compounds are in priority and suggested as an alternative to chemical compound like indole butyric acid. Also, best concentration of other treatments are still usable, because of their significant preference in compare with control and their positive role in accelerating rooting of cuttings

In vitro inflorescence development and fruit production can provide a valuable tool for researchers investigating the precise physiological stages of these processes.In this study, inflorescences clusters from Bidaneh Sefid and Seedless grapes were cut off the young shoots growing on canes at spring. Half strength MS medium was used for in vitro cultivation of flowers. After cultivation of each individual inflorescence branches, they continued to development until berry ripening of fruits grown from these explants in vitro. The experiments were set as a factorial using completely randomized design with gibberellin in two levels; (0 and 2.89 μM), benzylaminopurin in three levels; (0, 2.5 and 4 μM) and auxin (indole butyric acid) in three levels; of (0, 2.5 and 4.9 μM) with three replicates for each treatment. Hormone type and concentration were impressive in successful growth of cultivated inflorescences. The cultivated inflorescences started growing, the flowers opened and eventually set fruits in media with 4.9 μM auxin and 4 μM cytokinin treatments. Auxin and cytokinin showed important roles as key hormones involved in flowers opening and fruit set in grapes, while gibberellin was non-significant. Bidaneh Sefid as a Seedless cultivar showed long term survival in vitro and more stable, during growth period of explants compared to Seedless in acclimation to in vitro conditions. Control with no hormone treatment caused browning of flowers on the inflorescences in the medium and in some cases elucidation of browning in blooming flowers and stopped growth and eventually the flowers died.

In this research, the effect of different concentrations of chitosan (with low molecular weight) on in vitro proliferation of grape cultivar, ’Bidaneh Ghermez‘, was evaluated. 30 days after establishment, elongated shoots were cultured on the half strength Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP, 0.1 mg/l IBA and different chitosan concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/l). The experiment was based on completely randomized design with five replications. Based on the results, the number of shoots, wet and dry weight of biomasses, leaf surface and chlorophyll index were highest at 40 mg/l chitosan. The highest shoot length and diameter were observed at 20 and 40 mg/l chitosan. The highest internode length was seen both in the control and 40 mg/l chitosan. In general, 40 mg/l chitosan significantly improved the proliferation. As a result it can be used as a growth stimulant material to increase for in vitro proliferation of this grape cultivar.

In order to evaluate the effects of various lengths of cutting and different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) on Bougainvillea spectabilis rooting, a research in outdoor conditions was conducted in Khorramshahr between march 2010 and may 2011. A factorial experiment was performed in a randomized complete blocks design with four different lengths of hardwood cuttings (5, 10, 15 and 20 cm) and seven IBA levels (0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 mg/l) in 4 replicates (each replicate contained 10 cuttings). The Measured factors included rooting percent, root number, root length, fresh and dry weight of roots. SPSS software for statistical analysis and comparison of means was performed by Duncan's test at 5% level. The results showed that the highest rooting percentage belonged to 2000 mg/l of IBA, which led to increasing root length, root number, root fresh and dry weight at 5% level. Results also indicated that the highest rooting percent of cuttings, root fresh and dry weight and root number was obtained with 15 cm cutting. Therefore, the highest rooting percentage belonged to 2000 mg/l of IBA and 15 cm cutting.

For vegetative propagation of Nemaguard, St Julien A, Tetra and GF677 rootstocks via cutting, two separate investigations were carried out in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design. Semi hard wood cuttings were taken in late August and then treated with concentrations of 0, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 mg/l IBA. Cuttings were cultured in perlite medium and in a greenhouse with mist system. In December, hardwood cuttings were taken and treated with concentrations of 0, 2500, 3000, 3500 and 4000 mg/l IBA. Cuttings were cultured in green house that equipped with bottom heat. After two months, the percentage of rooting, root number and root length were recorded. The results showed that semi hardwood cuttings of GF677 and then Nemaguard and tetra had the highest of root number and the most rooting percentage. Root length of these three rootstocks was not significantly different from each other. St Julien A was shown the lowest rooting. Most appropriate concentration for semi hard wood cutting was 2000, 2500 and 3000 mg/l IBA. Hardwood cuttings of GF677 in 4000 mg/l IBA treatments were produced the most number of roots and the highest of rooting percentage. Hardwood cuttings of tetra were not shown any rooting. Rooting percentage of semi hardwood cuttings was higher than hardwood cuttings. In general, application of semi hard wood cutting of these rootstocks and treatment of those with concentrations of 2000 and 2500 mg/l IBA is advisable.