جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "مرگ سلولی" در نشریات گروه "زراعت"

Copper and Nickel are an essential micronutrient for plants، playing an important role in maintaining plants'' natural metabolism and growth، but in excess both heavy metal are also a proven inhibitor of various physiological functions. In this study maize (Zea mays L.) plants grown in hydroponic culture were treated with 0، 50 and 100 μm CuSO4 and 0، 100 and 200 μm NiSO4. Growth parameters and some biochemical changes were studied in roots and shoots of plants. The results showed that with increasing Cu and Ni concentration، root and shoot weight (27 to 52% in root and 24 to 62% in shoot)، root and shoot length (14 to 59% in root and 9 to 46% in shoot)، pigment contents (chlorophyll a 14 to 67%، chlorophyll b 32 to 79% and total carotenoids 25 to 74%)، reduction of dichlorophenol indophenol (48 to 67%) were decreased in contrast to controls، while soluble sugars leakage (0/5 to 2 fold)، K+ leakage (0/25 to 30 fold) and malondealdyde as indicator lipid of peroxidation (48 to 152% in root and 54 to 190% in shoot)، cell death (5 fold) and prolin content (12 to 29% in root and 9 to 107% in shoot) were increased in contrast to controls. The result showed that the maximum effects in growth parameters and some biochemical changes were observed in 200 μm Ni + 100 μm Cu. However، interaction of Cu and Ni were cooperation effects on together and was more effective compared to the others treatments.

Drought is one of the major factors limiting crop production in Iran. Twenty Iranian wheat cultivars with wide range of sensitivity to drought, including 18 varieties of bread wheat and two varieties of durum wheat were used in two separate field experiments in 2009-2010 at the Experimental Station of College of Agricultural in Shiraz University. Each experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications. The moisture level in one of the experiments was optimum (100% field capacity) while the second experiment was conducted under drought stress (45% field capacity). Several biochemical components including antioxidant enzymes and hydrogen peroxide and some physiological traits were analyzed in the two conditions. Drought stress significantly increased antioxidant activity at the grain filling stage. Superoxide dismutase activity showed the highest increase. Lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, electrolyte leakage and cell death increased significantly under drought condition, however membrane stability index decreased. Resistant cultivars showed the highest antioxidant activity and the lowest lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, and electrolyte leakage. This trend was reversed in the susceptible cultivars. Peroxidase and superoxide dismutase had a significant correlation with yield stability index. Hydrogen peroxide and cell membrane stability indices showed the highest correlation with yield stability index. Also Pishtaz and Alamut were selected respectively as the most resistance and susceptible cultivars.