جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "cane yield" در نشریات گروه "زراعت"

In order to evaluate the growth indices of sugarcane in different irrigation systems, weed control treatments and correlative associations with quantitative and qualitative traits of sugarcane, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in 2020 at Sugarcane Development Research and Training Institute of Khuzestan, Ahwaz, Iran. The five irrigation systems were surface irrigation, subsurface irrigation with a flow rate of 2.3 L/hour, subsurface irrigation with a flow rate of 3.6 L/hour, sprinkler irrigation and furrow or conventional irrigation as the main plot and weed control treatments were (weed interference (no weeds control) throughout the season (Weedy treatment), weed control in total period of season (weed free treatment) and cultivation (twice) as the subplot. The highest crop growth rate (CGR), dry matter and height were observed in sprinkler and subsurface irrigation with a flow rate of 3.6 L/hour and the lowest in furrow irrigation. Growing degree day (GDD) required to reach 50% of dry matter were determined for sprinkler irrigation (1894), subsurface irrigation with flow rate of 3.6 L/hour (1762), subsurface irrigation with flow rate of 2.3 L/hour (1538), surface irrigation (1494) and furrow irrigation (1474 degrees of growth day). Also, growth indices in weedy treatment was lower than the both treatments weed free and cultivation. Correlation analyses indicated that sugarcane quality traits were not closely associated with growth indices and sugarcane quantitative traits. However, a positive correlation was observed between quantitative traits of sugarcane such as height, internode length, number of internodes, cane yield, sugar yield, dry matter and crop growth rate and a negative correlation was observed between cane yield with stem diameter and weeds biomass. According to the results, both systems of sprinkler irrigation and subsurface irrigation with a flow rate of 3.6 L/hour seem to be suitable for sugarcane production in Khuzestan in the first ratoon.

Increase in global warming and environmental issues, public opinion pressure, especially in urban areas near cane fields, the necessity of replacing green harvesting sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum) instead of burning up is increasing. To set on fire cane fields also due to lose about 20 T ha-1 herbaceous (Trash blanket) remains can change to organic matter and help to soil fertility and sustainable production of sugarcane in Khuzestan. To evaluation quantity and quality indices at harvesting time in green harvesting method and comparison with burnt harvesting losses a test performed in 2015-2016 growing season at Imam Khomeini Agro Industry Company. The experiment design was a split plot based on complete randomized block with four replications. Three sugarcane cultivars were as main plots and five harvesting methods and ratooning after harvesting were as sub plots considered. Infield losses such as complete cane, chopper cane, unravel cane, uncut cane, total losses, pol percent and cane yield was studied in test units. A SAS (v 9.2) software was used for accounts statistical and LSD test for means comparison. The results showed that cultivars had significant effect on all of measured characteristics. The highest and lowest unravel cane loses was observed in cultivar of CP73-21 (2.65 T ha-1) and CP48-103 (1.23Tha-1), respectively. Maximum total of losses belong CP73-21 cultivar (12.14Tha-1) and minimum (4.46Tha-1) belong CP48 cultivar. Because of difference between sugarcane cultivars in terms of cane length, leaf numbers, maturation stage period and tolerance to logging, these characteristics have important role in field losses. The highest unravel cane losses belong whole of green harvesting methods (without significant different between themselves) with nearly (2Tha-1) and the lowest unravel cane was observed burnt harvesting (1.35Tha-1). Green harvesting methods had more losses than burnt harvesting method. Because leaves and top are green at harvesting time in green harvesting method so losses amount in green harvesting method is higher than burnt method. The highest pol percent belong pre and middle mature cultivar. Method harvesting had not significant different on pol percent .The highest cane yield was observed in CP69-1062 cultivar (92.87Tha-1) and the lowest cane yield was observed in CP73-21 cultivar (65.4Tha-1). Average yield of burnt harvesting was 83.19Tha-1 and average yield of total green harvesting methods was 73.68T ha-1. Generally, yield of green harvesting methods had yield about 11% lower than burnt harvesting methods. Because researches about green harvesting sugarcane start lately in Iran and because infield losses is higher in early maturity cultivar than other cultivars and need to technical changes about sugarcane harvesters for field losses decrease, current green cane harvesting must be start with middle maturity and late maturity cultivars.

In order to evaluation the efficacy of indaziflam on control of purple nutsedge in sugarcane an experiment was conducted in 2015 growing season in a sugarcane field in Shoaeibiyeh, Shoushtar, Khouzestan, Iran. Trial was randomized complete block design with four replications per treatments. Treatments were 1-indaziflam (75 g ai ha-1, as preemergence); 2-indaziflam (50 g ai ha-1 as preemergence); 3- Trifloxysulfuron sodium橧궯 (1875 g ai ha-1,as postemergence); 4-2,4-D〣 (1687.5 g ai ha-1); 5-2,4-D〣샺枭긦 (1350 g ai ha-1힍 g ai ha-1); 6- weeding and 7- weed infested. The results showed indaziflam as 75 g ai ha-1 affected purpule nutsedge growth as dry weight and density reduction percentage of purple nutsedge was reduced 100% until 30 day after treatment (DAT). However, indaziflam efficacy was reduced over time. Other herbicides such as indaziflam as 50 g ai ha-1 and trifloxysulfuron sodium橧궯 indicated good effect in purple nutsedge control compared with 4-2,4-D〣 and 2,4-D〣샺枭긦. Single stem weight (0.70 kg m-2), the middle internode diameter (1.83 cm), number of internode (18. 3 cm) and cane yield (117.88 t ha-1), were the greatest in indaziflam (75 g ai ha-1). The greatest brix (21.40%), invert sugar (25.53%), recoverable sugar (11.0%) and the lowest fiber content (12.60 t ha-1) were obtained in indaziflam (75 g ai ha-1).

In order to evaluate the effect of integrated weed management on the yield quality and quantity of Sugarcane, variety CP69, a field experiment was conducted during 2009-2010 at the Argo-Industrial farm of Deabel-e-Khozaie located on the Southeast of Ahvaz. The research was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications, including 9 diferent control mathods in three groups (i.e. Chemical, Agronomical and Integrated) with three replications. The control methods were 1: the combination of Atrazin and Ametrin+2.4D by the ratio of 5kg and 2.5kg + 2litre; 2: The combination of E.P.T.C +Metribuzin by the ratio of 8litre +2kg. 3: The combination of Tebuteyouran + Atrazin and Ametrin + metribuzin by the ratio of 2liter + 2kg and 3kg + 2kg in the hectar, respectively (Chemical Control). 4: only Sugarcane leaves; 5: only cultivation; 6: The combination of Bagas and mud (Agronomical). 7: The integration of Atrazin and Sugarcane leaves. 8: The combination of E.P.T.C and cultivation; 9 The combination of Tebuteyouran + Atrazin by the ratio of 2liter + 2kg and mud + bagas, respectively (integrated methods). The yield quality and quantity and yield components of Sugarcane and the weed's status were calculated. Results showed that the highest Cane's diameter, weight of main stem, cane yield and sugar yield were obtained in integrated method, treatment No. 8 (including herbicide & cultivation). Also, the best sugar quality including sugar purity and polarity was obtained in this treatment (i.e. method No. 8). Inaddition, based on these results we found that integrated approches had a higher quality and quentity for sugarcane yield compared to other methods (i.e. chemical & agronomical methods). Therefore, for ideal weed management and reduction of herbicide use, the integrated herbicide with interrow cultivation was the best weed management method in sugarcane.