جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « purslane » در نشریات گروه « زراعت »

Due to study the effect of ascorbate foliar application on photosynthetic pigments, phenols and flavonoids of purslane under salinity stress conditions, an experiment was carried out in 2016 at Islamic Azad University, Yadgar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch and Pakdasht city, as factorial design based on Completely Randomized design with 4 replications, in which salinity stress in 3 levels (0, 70, 140 and 210 mM) and ascorbate foliar application in three levels (0, 10 and 20 mM) were considered. The results showed that except for the simple effect of salinity on flavonoid and phenol and the effect of ascorbate on carotenoids and other effects on evaluated traits were significant. The double interaction effect of experimental factors was significant only on chlorophyll b and carotenoids. Base of the finding the mean  comparison results indicated that foliar spraying of 20 mM ascorbate led to the highest  chlorophyll content, but there was no significant increase in carotenoids. The mean comparison interaction effects demonstrated that 210 mM and non using of ascorbate gained to maximum leaves carotenoids content (0.72 µg/ml), while no use of salinity water and 20 mM of ascorbate solution with µg/ml 4.24 ml produced the highest leaves chlorophyll b.

To study the effect of herbicides on weed control in henna in south Kerman province, an experiment was carried out in randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with 3 replications in 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. Treatments included trifluralin (Treflan, 48% EC) at 2 and 2.5 Lha-1, per-transplant, pendimethalin (Stomp, 33% EC) at 3 and 4 Lha-1 pre weed emergence and after transplanting, imazethapyr (Pursuit, 10% SL) at 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8 Lha-1 + Cytogate at 1 Lha-1 at 2 to 4 leaf stage of broadleaf weeds + haloxyfop –R- methyl- ester (Gallant, Super 10.8% EC) at 750 ml ha-1 in the 3 leaf stage of narrow-leaf weeds, gramoxone (paraquat, 20% SL) at 3 Lha-1 and 10 -15 cm stage of weeds with protection cover over henna, hand weeding and weed free. Results of combined analysis in three-cutting henna showed that herbicide applications significantly reduced density and dry matter of amaranth (Amaranthus viridis), purslane (Portulaca oleracea) and Egyptian grass (Dactyloctenium aegypticum. The Best treatments for weeds control was the imazethapyr (0.8 ha-1), pendimethalin (4 Lha-1) and trifluralin (2.5 Lha-1) applications, respectively. Application of imazethapyr (0.8 ha-1) + haloxyfop decreased amaranth (69-76%), purslane (68-74%) and Egyptian grass (60-73%) biomass. Also, this treatment increased henna biomass in the first, second and third harvest by 90, 76 and 79 %, respectively. Therefore, this treatment is introduced as the superior treatment.

 Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is an annual and C4 plant that belongs to the family of Portulacaceae that is tolerant to drought and salt stresses which contains high amounts of beneficial omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidant vitamins. Adaptation to both dry and saline conditions makes Purslane a prime candidate as a vegetable in areas with dry conditions and salty soils, often present together where land is irrigated. Purslane seeds provide nutritional value and have beneficial health effects on the body, especially in preventing cardiovascular, cancer, and hypertension (high blood pressure) diseases, because it contains omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and other nutrients like antioxidants, tocopherols, and dietary fiber. Nitrogen is a key element in soil fertility and crop production. Recently, attention to the soil quality and health has increased, especially for sustainable production of medicinal crops. Thus, using natural and on-farm inputs has been considered, to produce healthy food especially in developed countries. Achieve this goal needs organic fertilizers. Given the importance of Purslane as a medicinal plant and the fact that there is no detailed information about the nitrogen requirement for this plant, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of organic, biological and chemical fertilizers on yield, yield components and percent oil of common Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) in Birjand, Iran.

 This research was carried out during two growing seasons (2014/2015 and 2015/2016) at the research farm of Birjand University. In this experiment, the treatments were a combination of four sources of nitrogen supply, including cow manure, vermicompost, chemical fertilizer (NPK) and control (without any fertilizer), as well as four types of biofertilizers including nitroxin (including Azotobacter and Azospirilum), Mycorrhiza (Glomus intraradices), Biosulfur (including Thiobacillus with sulfur) and control (without any fertilizer) on Purslane in a factorial design based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The studied characteristics were performed separately in each harvest. From each plot, ten plants were randomly selected, and plant height and SPAD index were measured. Five plants were randomly selected from each plot, and yield components, including the number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000-seed weight, biological yield, and harvest index, were calculated. The grain yield was performed when yellowing of 70% of the capsules. The oil percentage was measured by Soxhlet method. Oil yield was calculated by multiplying grain yield by oil percentage. Statistical analysis was performed using Minitab 17 software. LSD test was used at the 5% probability level to compare the means.

The results showed that the effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on all studied traits (except harvest index) was significant. The highest plant height (49.24 cm), number of capsules per plant (351.23 capsules) and 1000- seed weight (0.41 g) was related to NPK treatment. The highest chlorophyll index (34.27), seed number per capsule (45.4) and seed oil percentage (14.6) was related to vermicompost treatment. Also, the highest grain yield (1959.29 kg.ha-1), biomass yield (9782.43 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (277.68 kg.ha-1) were obtained from NPK treatment, while no significant differences were observed between NPK fertilizer and cow manure. The effect of biofertilizer on number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000-grain weight and oil content was significant, but the effect on the other traits was not significant. The highest number of capsules per plant (355.38 capsules) and 1000 seed weight (0.41 g) was related to mycorrhiza treatment, but the highest number of seeds per capsule (43) and oil percentage (14.6) were related to biosulfur treatment. The interaction of two studied factors (different nitrogen sources and biofertilizers) on plant height, chlorophyll index, capsule number per plant, biomass yield, harvest index and oil percentage were significant. The maximum biomass yield was obtained of the interaction between NPK and Nitroxin (10670.1 kg.ha-1), and the interaction between NPK and biosolfur (10306.7 kg.ha-1). The maximum percentage of oil was obtained of control and biosolfur treatments (15.4%).

 Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to replace cow manure with NPK fertilizer to minimize the application of chemical inputs and maximize production of purslane seed and oil in Birjand.

Plants in arid and semi-arid regions are constantly exposed to environmental stresses such as salinity. The sensitivity of different plants to salinity stress at different growth stages is quite different. In many plants, perhaps the most sensitive stage of the plant growth cycle to salinity, is germination and emergence stages. Germination and emergence of seeds are the first important stages in plant establishment which is affected by most environmental stresses. In South Khorasan, which has saline soil and water, conventional millet cultivation is common, and it’s most important weeds are lambsquarters, tumble pigweed and purslane. Since the irrigation of millet fields in this region of the country is performed with saline water, this experiment was conducted out to investigate the emergence response of millet and lambsquarters, tumble pigweed and purslane weeds, under sodium chloride salinity in Hoagland solution.

In order to evaluate the effect of salinity stress on quality and emergence rate of common millet, lambsquarters, tumble pigweed and purslane, four separate experiments were conducted out in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 in the research greenhouse of agricultural faculty at Birjand University. Experimental treatments consisted of 10 salinity levels including Hoagland solution with 2 dS/m as control, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 dS/m (created sodium chloride in Hoagland solution). Hoagland formula was used for preparation of nutrient solution and sodium chloride was used for preparation of different salinity levels. After filling each pot with 1.5 liters of acid washed sand, 25 seeds from each species were placed at 1 cm depth from soil surface. Seedling emergence were counted daily. In order to investigate the response of each species to salinity stress, the emergence percentage in each species was analyzed in a randomized complete block design without considering treatments with zero emergence percentage. Data analysis was performed using SAS software. GLM procedure was used for analysis of variance and comparison of mean performed with protected LSD at 5% probability level.

The results showed that common millet, purslane, tumble pigweed and lambsquarters seeds had the ability to germinate up to 20, 16, 12 and 12 dS/m, respectively. The start of emergence for common millet seeds up to 10 dS/m and tumble pigweed up to 8 dS/m was 3 days after sowing. Meanwhile, the seeds of lambsquarters emergence up to 6 dS/m on the fourth day, and purslane in 2 dS/m on the second day after sowing. Millet plants were emergence up to 18 dS/m salinity in the first five days after sowing. The results also showed that for common millet and tumble pigweed, no significant difference were observed for single seedling dry weight at 2 and 4 dS/m. Increasing salinity from 2 to 4 dS/m led to a significant decrease in purslane seedling dry weight but with increasing salinity stress from 4 to 8 dS/m, the reduction in seedling dry weight was not significant. In this study, with increasing salinity stress from 2 to 8 dS/m, dry weight of common millet, purslane, lambsquarter and tumble pigweed decreased by 55, 73.8, 80.7 and 79.5%, respectively. In this study, after ensuring that the seeds did not emerge, to determine the viability of non-emerged seeds, the pots were irrigated with distilled water. Under this condition, non-emerged millet seeds in the pots were not able to germinate at any levels of salinity stress. Purslane had no germination under salinity stress of 18 and 20 dS/m, but there were 34% and 62% emergence percentage respectively, when the salinity were terminated. Under mild stress, the percentage of germinated purslane seeds was 18% after recovery, which decreased with increasing salinity up to 12 dS/m and then increased.

In general, the results showed that salinity stress caused a change in the emergence behavior of millet and purslane, tumble pigweed and lambsquarters weeds. Common millet had the ability to germinate at all levels of salinity stress, but tumble pigweed and lambsquarters had the potential to emerge up to 12 dS/m and for the purslane up to 16 dS/m. Also, with increasing salinity stress from 8 to 16 dS/m, dry weight of seedling of common millet, purslane, tumble pigweed and lambsquarters decreased by 66, 82, 100 and 100 percent, respectively. At the end, the results showed that occurrence of salinity stress and its removal, the purslane seeds had a greater ability to keep their viability, whereas the common millet seeds completely lost their viability.

Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is one of the most valuable herbs of the Portulacaceae family, which can be used as herbs and medicinal purposes. Water deficit is one of the major abiotic stresses that have adverse effects on plant growth and yield. The application of growth regulators such as salicylic acid and abscisic acid increases the resistance of plants to stresses and is a strategy to prevent the destructive effects of environmental stresses. Due to the low water resources in the country and the widespread use of purslane in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, health and food industries, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of salicylic acid and abscisic acid on yield, yield components and some quantitative and qualitative traits of purslane forage under water deficit stress.

Field experiment was carried out as split-plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2018. Treatments were four levels of water supply (irrigation after 70, 100, 130 and 160 mm evaporation from class A pan) and three levels of foliar application (control (foliar application of water), foliar application of salicylic acid (1 μmolar) and foliar application of abscisic acid (50 μmolar). Irrigation and foliar application treatments were allocated to main and sub plots, respectively.

Decreasing water supply led to reduction in number of capsules per plant, number of grains per capsule, number of grain per plant, biological and grain yield. Foliar application of salicylic acid and abscisic acid caused significant increase in number of capsules per plant (13.2 and 10.9% respectively), biological (15.2 and 13.1% respectively) and grain (16.1 and 13.3% respectively) yield. Fresh and dry forage yield and crude protein percentage and yield decreased 66.8, 65.7, 35.4 and 80.8% respectively as a result of water deficit. Fresh and dry forage yield and crude protein yield significantly enhanced by foliar application of salicylic acid and abscisic acid.

There was no significant difference between salicylic acid and abscisic acid foliar application. Therefore, regarding to beneficial effects of salicylic acid and abscisic acid on grain and forage yield of purslane, foliar application of salicylic acid and abscisic acid recommended for the study area. This would become more important under conditions where water availability is limited.

In order to evaluate the effect of the Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens) aqueous extract as a biological herbicide on the germination of weeds of purslane (Portulacaoleracea), common yellow mallow (Abutilon theophrasti), and wheat (Triticum aestivum), a factorial experiment (with a completely randomized design and four replicates) was conducted in 2016 in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. The experimental factors included plant types (purslane, common yellow mallow, and wheat) and concentrations of the Russian knapweed aqueous extract at 6 levels (0 (control), 5, 5.7, 10, 15, and 20%). The results showed that germination percentage, coleoptile length, radicle length, and total weight of the seedlings were significantly affected by different concentrations of the Russian knapweed aqueous extract, plant species, and their interactions. Russian knapweed aqueous extract had the least and the greatest inhibitory effect on the germination of common yellow mallow and purslane, respectively. It was observed that the reduction of the length of coleoptile under the effect of aqueous extract concentrations of Russian knapweed for all species was significant and with increase in concentration of aqueous extract of Russian knapweed to the fast slope decreased length of the coleoptile. In the case of the radicle length, the results showed that at concentration of 20% extract of Russian knapweed, the highest and lowest radicle length reduction was related to the common yellow mallow and wheat with amount of 99 and 21% compared to control treatments. Based on the test results, reduce of the dry weight of seedlings on 15 and 20% for concentrations of aqueous extract of Russian knapweed was observed for each of the three plants. The applied results of this research was includes the usability of Russian knapweed aqueous extract on concentrations of 15 and 20% and its impact on seed germination and growth of purslane and common yellow mallow weeds.

To investigate the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients from organic and chemical fertilizers sources, on their efficiency in purslane, a field experiment based on complete randomized block design was conducted at the Research Farm of Shahrekord University in 2014. Treatments were 13 t.ha-1 broiler litter (T1), 14.4 t.ha-1 broiler litter (T2), 39 t.ha-1 cattle manure (T3), 16.8 t.ha-1 cattle manure 150 kg.ha-1 urea (T4), four chemical fertilizer levels equivalent to organic manure treatments, 260 kg.ha-1 urea 뚸ꦕ super phosphate, respectively (T5), 287 kg.ha-1 urea triple super phosphate, respectively (T6), 260 kg.ha-1 urea triple super phosphate, respectively (T7), 260 kg.ha-1 urea triple super phosphate, respectively (T8) and control (T0). The results showed that T2 treatment produced 8345 kg.ha-1 of dry matter as compared with those of other fertilizer treatments (P

Three separate experiments conducted to survey the response of two populations of common purslane weed collected from Karaj and Ahvaz on germination and early growth. The first experiment was based on 4 levels of flooding, including 1, 2, 4, 8 days plus non-flooding treatment as a control. Second experiment addressed the impact of various acidity levels, such as 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and finally third experiment considered the influence of high temperatures of 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 220 centigrade on germination rate, germination percentage, radicle length and plumule length as well as fresh weight of the aforementioned population of common purslane (Karaj and Ahvaz). Analysis of variance revealed that in both weed populations, all germination indices were impressed by flooding periods, acidity levels and high temperatures. Extending the flooding periods resulted in reducing all measured parameters in both weed populations, so growth of common people was completely inhibited less than 8 consecutive days of flooding. Germination rate and percentage improved gradually by increasing the acidity value from 4 up to 7. An adverse relation was observed between the measured parameters and temperature variations in both Karaj and Ahvaz weed population. Germination rate and percentage, radicle and plumule length as well as fresh weight of seedling decreased significantly in response to increasing the oven temperature. Overall, it can be concluded that boosting our knowledge about both ecology and biology aspects of common person can pave the way for introducing new ways in line with expanding long term strategies, improving management systems and predicting the mode of germination and growth of the this important weed.

This present research was arranged to determine economic thresholds of three weed species in corn field including redroot pigweed، purslane and Johnsongrass. The control methods were chemical، mechanical and integrated method. The statistical design was a randomized completely block with eleven treatments in 3 replicates. The experiment was conducted at the experimental station of Agricultural and Natural Resources College of Darab، Shiraz University، in 2004 and 2005. The treatments included the application of Atrazine plus Alachlor at 1+2. 5 and 0. 5+1. 25 kg ai ha-1 used as broadcast and band application alone and in combination with rotary or sweep cultivators and mechanical weeding alone. The Results indicated that the economic thresholds in Johnsongrass was controlled by chemical، mechanical and integrated methods were 4. 371، 7. 270 and 10. 164 weed/m2 respectively. The economic thresholds of Purslane were 1. 185، 2. 104 and 1. 624 weed/m2 respectively and for the Redroot pigweed were 2. 816، 4. 886 and 3. 932 weed/m2 respectively. Furthermore’ based on the economic threshold، mechanical weed control which is an early control method should be applied. Otherwise another appropriate control method based on the plant density as envisaged by economic threshold should be considered for each weed specie.

In order to study the effect of different drought levels on germination of purslane)Portulaca oleracea L.) seeds, an experiment was conducted under eight negative water potentials (0, -0,25, -0,5, -0,75, -0,1, -1,25, -1,5 and -17,5 MPa) using a completely randomized design with five replications. Increasing water potential significantly decreased percentage and rate of germination, length and dry weight of radicle and plumule, ratio of root to shoot length and seedling vigor index and increased the mean germination time. But these changes occurred after a threshold, e.g. negative potential more than -0.75 MPa negatively affected germination percentage and ratio of root to shoot length. In addition rate of germination and average germination duration decreased after in potentials more than -0.5 MPa. Ratio of root to shoot length was not significant different up to -1.25 MPa, and then significantly decreased. As a result, purslane germination can be extremely tolerable to drought conditions so it seems that this plant can be established in arid and semi-arid regions.