جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "plantain" در نشریات گروه "گیاهپزشکی"

Effect of 10% aqueous extracts of inhibitory plants viz. Plantago major, Ricinus communis, Eruca sativa and Tagetes sp. on Meloidogyne incognita activity and Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 was studied. The results showed that the extracts increased 31-42% mortality of the second stage juveniles and decreased 37.5-60.0% egg hatching of the nematode, but did not inhibit the bacterium growth. The combined effects of green manures of plants (12 g/kg of soil) and bacterium (cfu108) on activity of the nematode and growth parameters of tomato (Early Urbana) were studied in 3.5 kg pots, containing sterilized mixed or non-sterilized farm soils. The results showed that in presence of the nematode and in sterilized soil, marigold-bacterium with 66.2 and 60.9% increases, and in non-sterilized soil castor with 29.1 and 18.3% increases in shoot fresh and dry weights, respectively, had the highest impacts. Plantain-bacterium decreased 95.9 & 86.0% of eggs/g of root and 92.9 & 95.2% of nematode reproduction factor in sterilized or non-sterilized soils, respectively. In addition, plantain decreased 93.9 & 84.5% of eggs/g of root and 90.7 & 95.9% of nematode reproduction factor, respectively. The results of the greenhouse test on usage of eruca green manure and bacterium in 12 kg pots, containing sterilized mixed soil, showed that in the presence of nematode, eruca with 15.0, 2.2 and 48.3% increases in shoot fresh, shoot dry and fruit weights, respectively had the greatest impact. Moreover, eruca-bacterium decreased 55.2 and 52.4% of egg or gall/g root, respectively and 65.5% of reproduction factor.

Effects of aqueous extracts of plantain, castor, marigold and eruca on egg hatching and the mortality of second stage Juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita, was studied in vitro. Also the effects of their green manures (12 g/kg soil) and Paecilomyces lilacinus alone and in combination on the root-knot nematode and growth parameters of infected tomato (CV Early Urbana) in sterilized mixed soil and non-sterilized farm soil were studied, under greenhouse conditions. The results of in vitro test showed that all plants extracts increased the mortality of J2, and plantain and eruca reduced the egg hatching, significantly, and they had not negative effect on P. lilacinus. The result of greenhouse test in sterilized soil revealed that in the presence of the nematode, marigold- fungus spore suspension caused 140.5% increase in the shoot height of tomato plants. In addition, marigold treatments caused 11.4-11.8 and 20.1-23.1 folds and caster 10.0-10.1 and 10.0-17.7 folds in fresh and dried shoot weight, respectively. In non-sterilized soil, caster treatments with 47.9-67.5% and 32.4-140.5% increases in fresh and dried shoot weights have the highest effects. The nematode gall index in both tests was 4.2-5.0. Except for the treatment of plantain-fungus spore suspension with 84% decrease, the other treatments in sterilized soil test caused increases in the final population and reproduction factor of nematode. In non-sterilized soil, all treatments reduced gall and egg masses, but only plantain treatments and some of marigold and caster treatments reduced the reproduction factor of the nematode.

Medicinal plants such as plantain, Plantago major, due to having various medicinal compounds are of high importance in pharmaceutical industry. In the present research, while assessing the pathogenicity of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica on plantain medicinal plant, the effects of various nematode initial inoculums on plant growth parameters as well as nematode reproduction were investigated. Then seed mucilage content, thousand-seed weight, the amount of Quercitin and Ursolic acid compounds as well as Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium and Calcium elements of infected Plantago major 90 days after inoculation recorded. Plantain found to be sensitive to the nematode and in the infected plants, seed mucilage content, thousand-seed weight and the amount of Ursolic acid compound decreased but amount of root Sodium and Calcium elements and shoot Quercitin increased. While increasing the nematode initial inoculums, shoot fresh weight and root length and fresh weight decreased but root fresh weight increased. The highest reproduction factor was observed in plants inoculated with the lowest level of nematode population tested (1000J2/2kg soil).