جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "predatory mite" در نشریات گروه "گیاهپزشکی"

Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is an important generalist predator used to control several important crops' pests such as spider mites, whiteflies, and thrips. In this study, the lethal concentrations of Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae) and Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae) essential oils (EOs) were calculated on the adult stage of the Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). The side effects of EOs were investigated on the functional response of A. swirskii on F. occidentalis 1st instar larvae. The females of A. swirskii were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (LC30 and LC50) of EOs for 12 h with the fumigant exposure method. In the control, the treatment was performed by using Triton X-100 (0.02). Treated predatory mites were selected randomly, and transferred to the experimental arenas containing 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 thrips. The predators were kept in the experimental arenas for 24 h at 25 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 10% RH, and a photoperiod of 16: 8 h (L: D). Results indicated that A. swirskii exhibited a type II functional response, regardless of EOs applications. The shortest (1.62 ± 0.046 h) and the longest (1.91 ± 0.049 h) handling times, were recorded in the control and the LC50 treatment of M. piperita EO, respectively. There was not a significant difference between attack rate coefficients (α) under sub-lethal concentrations. Based on the results, the two EOs have the potential to be used in F. occidentalis management, but their side effects on A. swirskii should be considered in IPM programs.

A new species of Eustigmaeus Berlese, 1910 (Acari: Stigmaeidae), E. pseudosetiferus, is described and illustrated from Astragalus sp. (Fabaceae), in Urmia, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. A key to the species of Eustigmaeus known from Iran is provided and E. isfahaniensis is considered as a junior synonym of E. ottavii.

The predatory mite Proprioseiopsislindquisti completed its development and reproduced successfully on three eriophyid mites, Aculops lycopersici, Aceria mangiferae, and Aculus fockeui,under laboratory conditions. Feeding on A. mangiferae and A. fockeui resulted in shortdevelopmental and long oviposition periods and wasa suitable food for predator oviposition asitresulted in high fecundity, gross and net reproductive rates. Feeding on A. lycopersici elongated the developmental period and was less favorable for the predator asit gave the lowest rate of oviposition and net reproductive rates. Higher intrinsic rates of increase, and finite rates of increase for P. lindquistiwere recorded on A. mangiferaewhile A. lycopersiciand A. fockeui produced lower values.

For successful implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) programs, having knowledge on lethal and low-lethal effects of pesticides on natural enemies is necessary. The present study evaluated the low-lethal effect of thiamethoxam on life table parameters of the subsequent generation of the predatory mite, Neoseiulus californicus McGregor (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed on Tetranychus urticae Koch under laboratory conditions. The low-lethal concentrations LC5, LC10 and LC20 were determined based on a dose-effect assay. The raw data were analyzed based on age-stage two sex life table analysis. Exposure to the low-lethal concentrations of thiamethoxam had no significant effects on developmental time of offspring of treated mites. Compared with control treatment, the oviposition period of treated mites with LC5, LC10 and LC20 decreased significantly. The highest and lowest values of total fecundity were obtained at control (35.3 eggs/female/day) and LC20 (23.6 eggs /female/day), respectively. The net reproductive rate (R0) decreased with increasing dose from LC5 (22.6 offspring) to LC20 (15.0 offspring). The intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ), were not affected by increasing concentrations. The mean generation time (T) decreased significantly at upper dose (LC20 = 13.2 d), compared with control (14.7 d). In consequence, the low-lethal concentration influences of thiamethoxam in combination with N. californicus in order to design management programs of T. urticae are discussed.

A new species of the genus Molothrognathus, M. shirazicus sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on the females collected from soil under desert poplar and oriental arborvitae in Shiraz, Fars province, Iran.

The predatory mite, Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes is one of the most important phytoseiid mites to control phytophagous mites. The effect of different diets such as, corn pollen, walnut pollen, sunflower pollen, date pollen, bee pollen along with the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) eggs on life table parameters of the predatory mite was determined on strawberry detached leaves in Petri dishes. The experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions at 27 ± 1°C, 16L: 8D h photo-period and 70 ± 5% RH. The individuals of the predatory mite were collected from cucumber field infested with the two-spotted spider mite of Khoramabad, Lorestan Province. The results indicated that mean preimaginal developmental time was the highest on sunflower pollen and bee pollen than the preimaginal developmental time on the other tested pollens. The developmental time of adult of N. barkeri when fed with bee pollen (10.0 and 9.25 days for female and male, respectively) is longer than when it fed on the other diets. The fecundity rate of predatory mite on different diets did not show any significant difference. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the predatory mites fed with sunflower pollen (0.212 d-1), date pollen (0.225 d-1) and corn pollen (0.224 d-1) were higher than the other treatments. With attention to observed results, corn pollen, sunflower pollen and date pollen were suitable alternative food for the mass rearing of this predator.

A new species, Agistemus manjilicus Khanjani, Hajizadeh & Zarei sp. nov. was collected from olive leaves and litter in olive orchards, Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae) in Manjil vicinity, Guilan province, Iran, is described and illustrated.

Responses of female predatory mite, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) with different diet experiences were examined in a Y-tube olfactometer. The odor sources were clean air vs. clean bean leaves, clean air vs. Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) infested bean leaves, and T. urticae infested bean leaves vs. clean bean leaves. Female predatory mites that fed on T. urticae as their previous diet for three generations, preferred clean leaves, spider mite infested leaves and again spider mite infested leaves over the alternative odor sources. When N. californicus was fed on T. urticae plus pollen, a significant movement was recorded towards clean leaves rather than clean air, but no significant preference was observed in two other olfactory experiments. Feeding on pollen alone, thrips first instar alone and thrips first instar plus pollen, the predators did not make a significant preference towards the arms in any of the olfactory experiments. Comparing the mean foraging time and predation rate of N. californicus when their prey (T. urticae) were experienced in a direct contact with Frankliniella occidentalis with predators whose prey had previousely received signals due to thrips (F. occidentalis) presence, we recorded a significantly higher foraging time and consumed prey in the patches where thrips were removed. According to our results, N. californicus is capable of detecting its prey and patches with heterospecific (F. occidentalis) and conspecific predators through its diet-based-understanding of chemical cues. Explanations for the olfactory response and foraging behavior of N. californicus are discussed.

Determination of the host preference of predatory mites when receiving signals related to either untreated and Beauveria bassiana-treated Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) is important in predicting the predatory mite’s reaction when encountering pathogens due to their coincident presence in greenhouses and fields. Here, we have studied the preference of female predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) when choosing between untreated and B. bassiana-treated T. urticae (72 hours after treatment of spider mite by fungus) on leaves. This investigation showed a highly significant preference of P. persimilis towards untreated T. urticae (P

Collects of Phytoseiidae species of the genus Typhlodromus Scheuten have been carried out in some regions of Western and North–Western Iran from 2008–2011. This paper presents the redescription of six species belonging to two subgenera Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) De Leon and Typhlodromus (Typhlodromus) Scheuten (each with three species, respectively): T. (A.) bagdasarjani Wainstein & Arutunjan, T. (A.) kerkirae Swirski & Ragusa, T. (A.) khosrovensis Arutunjan, T. (T.) phialatus Athias–Henriot, T. (T.) leptodactylus Wainstein and T. (T.) tubifer Wainstein. It is the first record of T. (T.) phialatus Athias–Henriot for the Iranian phytoseiid fauna. This paper also provides an identification key of the species of the genus Typhlodromus in Iran.

The life table parameters of Neoseiulus californicus (Athias-Henriot), a generalist predator of spider mites and small insects were investigated in laboratory condition at two constant temperatures: 20 and 25°C, 60 ± 5% relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (L:D). The European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), an important pest of apple orchards in Iran, was used as prey (all stages). The duration of the immature stages ranged varied from 7.52 to 5.12 days, at 20 and 25°C, respectively. The net reproductive rate (R0) increased with increasing temperature from 20.84 female offspring to 31.46 female offspring at 20–25°C, respectively. The values of the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and finite rate of increase (λ) were obtained to be highest at 25°C (0. 237 day –1 and 1.26 day–1, respectively), which was greater that those estimated at 20°C (0.161 day–1 and 1.17 day–1, respectively). The mean generation time (T) decreased with increasing temperature from 18.86 days to 14.45 days at 20–25°C, respectively. In conclusion, results showed that N. californicus would be able to develop at temperatures range of 20–25°C feeding on P. ulmi and has the suitable potential to control it.

Four phytoseiid species, Amblyseius obtusus, Neoseiulus marginatus, N. sugonjaevi and N. zwoelferi were recorded and redescribed from alfalfa, Medicago sativa, in western Iran. Neoseiulus zwoelferi was determined as the abundant and widespread species in this region.

Oviposition rate is affected by several factors such as con- and heterospecific competitors, food availability and patch quality. When the species have interacted for a sufficient period of time, the predator could profit from the ability to associate odors from the competitor with the risk of its eggs being attacked or eaten by that competitor. We examined the oviposition rate of Phytoseiulus persimilis for a response for signals emanating from its heterospecific competitor, Frankliniella occidentalis in the presence of their shared prey, Tetranychus urticae on rose and bean leaf patches. In the treatments in which the predatory mite and thrips were exposed to each other, a significant reduction was observed in the number of deposited eggs compared to the control experiment. The same result was found in an experiment in which the exposure time was limited to the pre-oviposition period of the predatory mite. Increasing the time elapsed since the two competitors were exposed to each other to 2 days, the effect of thrips on the oviposition rate of the predatory mite had vanished and approached the oviposition rate in the control experiment. The plant species used as a substrate for the interspecific interactions did not significantly alter the results. We discuss the potential consequences of the presence of thrips for the ability of P. persimilis to control the two spotted spider mite.