جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Integrated Pest Management (IPM) » در نشریات گروه « گیاهپزشکی »

Biological control is a key component of Integrated Pest Management, however, the use of green lacewings as a biocontrol agent has not received much attention in Pakistan, although Chrysoperla carnea, a generalist predator against a variety of soft-sucking pests, has received much attention in Pakistan. Predatory insects always come out on top when it comes to biological pest control. In addition to minimizing losses caused by pests, applying biocontrol agents helps reduce the ecosystem from being affected by excessive chemical use. The present study proposes a new combination and confirms the newly recorded potential predatory species of green lacewings, Apertochrysa smitzi (Navás, 1914) comb. nov., found in Pakistan, belongs to the Apertochrysa venosa group based on male genitalia having gonocristae, which is only present in the A. venosa group. The diagnostic features of adult, as well as the photographs of dorsal habitus and genitalia, both male and female wings, and the complete life stages of A. smitzi are provided. We reared the larvae and adults of A. smitzi on the larval and nymphal stages of Sitotroga cerealella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and Pyrilla perpusilla (Hemiptera: Lophopidae), respectively, under controlled conditions. Apertochrysa smitzi is active most of the year and collected from sugarcane, wheat, and cotton crops from February to March, September and October. Both the larval stages and adults of A. smitzi were reared and released as a pest management tactic against various harmful sucking sugarcane insects for the first time in the Sindh province of Pakistan.

Entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) combinations with other control agents are applied to obtain more desirable control of a pest by additive or synergistic effects on the pest mortality. In this study, the potential of EPNs (Steinernema carpocapsae, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) alone, chemical insecticides (imidacloprid, deltamethrin, and abamectin) alone, and EPN-insecticide combinations, against the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) was investigated. In the first experiments, the effects of different concentrations of insecticides and EPNs on the thrips larvae were tested and the LC10 and LC30 values of insecticides were calculated. Then using a pre-treatment bioassay, the thrips larvae were treated with the EPNs at two concentrations, 400 or 1000 infective juveniles (IJs) per cm2, after they had been exposed to LC30 of abamectin (5.16 mg per litre (l), LC10 of imidacloprid (50.16 mg/l), or LC10 of deltamethrin (10.28 mg/l). Mortality percentages were recorded at different time intervals, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the EPNs utilization. Results showed that the sole application of EPNs caused less than 30% thrips mortality. The combination of H. bacteriophora and all insecticides interacted additively on the thrips mortality whereas imidacloprid treatment showed adverse effects on the efficacy of H. bacteriophora at 1000 IJs/cm2. Additive and synergistic interactions resulted in combining insecticides with S. carpocapsae. These combinations gave mostly higher thrips mortality than with EPN alone and synergistic interactions were observed in S. carpocapsae application at 400 IJs/cm2 with imidacloprid and deltamethrin and also at 1000 IJs/cm2 with abamectin.