جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "پلت" در نشریات گروه "علوم دام"

The effect of the type of fat and different levels of betonies in the diet on production and quality indicators of feed (pellet) was investigated by using a completely randomized design with nine treatments and four replications. The experimental treatments included the combination of 0 and 1.5% crude soybean oil and calcium fat powder with three levels of betonies (0, 1 and, 2%). The measured indicators include the efficiency of the pellet press machine (electricity consumption, production rate per unit of time and dry matter of the final product), qualitative indicators of pellet after production (strength and hardness) and the percentage of intact pellets after feeder plats and lines in the poultry farm environment. The use of fat in the feed reduced the amount of electricity consumption and improved the production rate per unit of time and dry matter percentage of the final product compared to non-fat treatments. In this case, the production rate per unit of time in the fat powder treatment with 2% bentonite was higher than other treatments (P< 0.05). The pellet durability index that was evaluated by tumbling method in fat powder treatment without bentonite was higher than other experimental treatments (P<0.05). In addition, the percentage of intact pellets after auto feeder lines was higher in fat-containing treatments, particularly fat powder treatment without bentonite, than other treatments (P<0.05). The highest correlation coefficient between the percentage of intact pellets and the pellet durability index was related to the Tumbling method in auto feeder lines. Based on the results of the present experiment, using fat powder instead of oil in pellet feed and adding one percent of bentonite to the diet improves the pellet quality and its production performance indicators in the factory.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of feed form and stocking density on performance and some behavioral parameters of 208 one-day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308), for 42 days.  Treatments were 2 feed forms (pellet versus mash) and 2 levels of density (10 and 16 birds/m2) that was performed in completely randomized design with 2×2 factorial arrangement and 4 replicates. Performance parameters were recorded weekly and carcass characteristics measured on day 42 of age. For evaluating behavioral parameters, 8 cameras were used. The results showed that feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were improved in broilers fed pellet diets compared to the birds fed mash diets at whole period of experiment (P<0.05). Abdominal fat was increased in birds that consumed mash diet in high stocking density (P<0.05). In the morning of the third week, the activity index of birds that consumed mash diet in high stocking density increased significantly (P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that feed form could not affect performance and behavioral parameters of broilers in high stocking density, although, pelleting diets improved performance parameters and high stock density increased average around feeder activity of broiler chickens.

In present study of effects of feed form, probiotic and enzyme was investigated on performance, microbial population, viscosity, intestinal morphology and pH of digestive organs in broilers fed triticale-based diet. Eight dietary treatments consisted of feed form (pellet or mash) with or without a Bacillus-based probiotic (0.03% diet) and enzyme carbohydrates (0.05% diet) in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 4 replicates for each treatment in 42 days. The highest Weight Gain in starter period was for the broiler chicks fed the pelleted diet with enzyme and probiotic but the differences were not significant at the end of period. Also, pelleted diet containing probiotic and pelleted diet containing probiotic and enzyme, had the lowest feed conversion ratio during the starter and growth period, respectively. Microbial population, pH of digestive organs and intestinal morphology were not significantly affected by addition of experimental treatments but, feed form has a significant effect on ileum viscosity. In conclusion, pellet form and supplementation of a triticale-based diet with enzymes and probiotics improved the growth performance during starter period and intestinal viscosity of broiler chicks, but did not improved performance at the end of period.

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of four substitution levels of 0, 33, 66 and 100% of dietary calcium carbonate with carbonation mud of sugar beet using pelleted or mash diets on performance and calcium and phosphorus deposition in tibia of broiler chickens. The statistical model of project was a two-factor factorial design in a completely randomized design. The trial lasted 42 days and the chickens had free access to water and feed. The results indicated that means of daily feed intake, daily gain and body weight of pelleted diets compared to mash diets for all the levels of substitution was significant (P<0.05), and the best feed conversion ratio was belonging to zero substitution level of pelleted diets that was significantly different with other treatments (P<0.05). Carcass yield, abdominal fat, proventriculus and ceca percentages of pelleted diets were not significantly different with mash diets but Gizzard percentage of pelleted diets was significantly less than mash diets and liver and intestines percentages were significantly more than mash diets (P<0.05). Ash, calcium and phosphorus percentages of tibia in pelleted diets had not significantly different with mash diets although the 33% substitution level of pelleted diets had the highest phosphorus percentage compared to other treatments (P<0.05). In general, the results showed that pelleted diets including carbonation mud had better performance than mash diets and did not have significant effect on calcium and phosphorus deposition of tibia in broiler chickens.

The aim of this study was to determin the nutritive value of wheat, barley and corn using different processing methods and determination of nutritive value of protein using CNCPS method after milling, rolling, steam flacking or pelleting. In the processing cereals, the highest crude protein in )percentage of dry matter( belong to dry rolled wheat (14.2), rolled barley (12.6) and pelleted corn (9.5) respectively. The minimum amount of A part of protein belong to pelleted wheat (0.8) milled barley (0.5) and steam flacked corn (0.1) respectively. The maximum amount of B1 part of protein belong to pelleted wheat (6.5), dried roll barley (8.2) and pelleted corn (6.4) respectively. The maximum amount of B2 part belong to dried roll wheat (6.7), pelleted barley (4.4) and pelleted corn (2.5) respectively and maximum amount of B3 was belong to steam flacked wheat (0. 5), pelleted barley (0. 5) and pelleted corn (0.3) respectively. The minimum amount of C part in crude protein belong to milled wheat (0.01), milled barley (0.07) and dried roll corn (0.02) percentage of dry matter respectively. In general, considering the cost and the required equipments, in processing of wheat, barley and corn, steam flaking, pelleting and milling methods are proposed respectively.

The impact of the conditioning process (steam and dry) and processed sodium bentonite (SB) in pellet diet on performance, carcass characteristics and some blood metabolites of broiler chickens in growing period was investigated. For this purpose, 810 day-old male broiler chickens, Ross 308 strain were used. A completely randomized experiment in a 3×3 factorial framework with three types of feed conditionings (without conditioning (dry), 2 minutes steam-conditioning and 4 minutes steam-conditioning) and three levels of sodium bentonite as a pellet binder (0, 0.75 and 1.5 percent) in with nine treatments and six replicates was explored. Processing form alone had a significant effect on the average daily gain and feed conversion ratio(P

A 3*2*2 factorial experiment with a completely randomized design in 12 treatments, 3 replicates and 27 chickens in each replicates was conducted to evaluate the effects of physical form, barley variety and enzyme addition on growth performance; carcass characteristics and immune system response of broiler chickens with use of 927 one day of old Ross 308 broiler chickens. .Main effects and levels of Factors were barley varity (Fajr, Reyhaneh, and Yosef), diet form (mash or pellet) and enzyme level (0 and 0/05 g/kg dry matter).Results showed that feed intake and growth rate are affected by main effects and interaction effects over the entire raising period (P 0.05) but increased levels of IgG with the addition of enzymes to the diet(P

Eighteen female, neonatal Brown Swiss calves (39.5±1.2Kg) were randomly divided into three treatment groups to investigate the effect of physical processing of diet on weaning age and some blood metabolites. Treatments were included: mash starter (M), pelleted starter (P) and heterogen of mixture moisturized, rolled barley and corn. (H). Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous. There were no significant differences in weight gain, total intake of starter and feed efficiency. Weaning age and total intake of milk dry matter were higher in calves received treatment (M) than other treatments. Crud protein and organic matter digestibility were lower in treatment (M) than others, but there was no significant difference between treatment (P) and (H). Treatments had no effect on blood glucose content, but BUN concentrations was higher in treatment (M) than other treatments. Result of this experiment showed that feed pelleting and grain processing can reduce weaning age and milk intake in calves but, had no effect on feed intake and gain weight until end of weaning age.