جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "کنه واروا" در نشریات گروه "علوم دام"

Due to synthetic acaricides' adverse effects, the use of non-chemical methods, such as improving hygienic behaviors, is considered against the Varroa destructor. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the hygienic behaviors of Uncapping & Removing 150 honey bee colonies infected with Varroa mite from four cities of Kermanshah province from 2019 to 2020 using the liquid nitrogen method. The results showed that a significant difference was observed 48 hours after pouring liquid nitrogen between the honey bee colonies of the studied cities in terms of hygienic behaviors of Uncapping & Removing (P<0.05). The results of the comparison of means bees' hygienic behaviors 48 hours after pouring liquid nitrogen showed that the highest and lowest average hygienic behaviors were related to honey bee colonies of Sahneh city with an average of 85.48% and Sarpol-e Zahab city with an average of 58.26 %, respectively. The mean of the total hygienic behaviors of Uncapping & Removing of the studied population 48 hours after pouring liquid nitrogen was 79.9%. This high percentage of expression of hygienic behaviors indicates that the Uncapping & Removing hygienic behaviors in the honey bee population of Kermanshah province are expressed to an optimal level. In total, it can be concluded that the honey bee colonies of Kermanshah province can defend themselves against the Varroa mite by performing hygienic behaviors. Therefore, it is possible to improve the level of this behavior in the honey bee colonies of this province by implementing breeding programs.

this study aims to investigate the acaricidal and insecticidal activities of different concentrations of Hengwan plant extract on Varroa mite and its host in the honey bee colonies during 2021 to 2023 . Hengwan plant was collected in May 2021 from different regions of Kurdistan province in the flowering stage, identified and then extracted. The present study was performed based on a completely randomized design with six experimental treatments (treatments include concentrations of 20, 35 and 50% of Hengwan extract, one 2.3% oxalic acid treatment and two control treatments (positive and negative) and seven replications. In general, the results of this study showed that all different concentrations of Hengwan extract had favorable acaricidal activities compared to the negative control treatment. Based on the results, the concentration of 50% of the extract of this plant showed the most significant effect on the percentage of Varroa mite mortality in the studied bee colonies compared to the negative control treatment and other different concentrations of the extract of this plant (P<0.01). Also, its difference was not significant in terms of mite mortality percentage compared to oxalic acid treatment. According to the results, the percentage of bee’s mortality was not more than seven percent in any of the experimental treatments except for the oxalic acid treatment. Therefore, it is possible to recommend the concentration of 50% of Hengwan extract as a suitable alternative to synthetic acaricides for controlling Varroa mites in honey bee colonies due to its favorable acaricidal activities and safe for bees.

The effect of different concentrations of formic acid (25, 35 and 45%) and oxalic acid (2.5, 3.5 and 4.5%) and control treatment on Varroa mite and honey bee mortality, as well as the percentage of residual mite infestation in the colony, were evaluated in a completely randomized design with7 treatments and 5 replications in the climatic conditions of Markazi province. Results showed that the highest percentage of mortality on mites was related to the concentrations of formic acid 45% (88.13%) and oxalic acid 4.5% (80.91%) respectively, and the lowest residual contamination of colonies after the experiment was observed in the treatment of formic acid 45% (0.66%) and oxalic acid 4.5% (2.06%). The highest percentage of bee mortality was related to formic acid 45% concentration, which was significantly different from other treatments. Based on the results, the most favorable effect based on the percentage of mortality on mites and the lowest residual contamination in colonies between different concentrations of these two acids in the present study was related to the concentration of formic acid 45% and oxalic acid 4.5%. There was no significant difference between these two superior treatments in terms of mite mortality and residual infection. Due to the significant difference in bee mortality in these two treatments and less bee mortality in the oxalic acid treatment of 4.5% and having economic benefits, the use of oxalic acid 4.5% is suggested to control Varroa mite in apiaries with similar climatic and ecological conditions to present study.

In this study, the effects of chamomile extract and walnut green husk were investigated to control Varroa mite. To conduct this study after selecting an apiary infected with Varroa mites in Lorestan province, 18 Langstroth beehive were exposed to the extract and smoke of medicinal plants after identifying the population and determining the level of initial infection. Six treatments with three replications including control treatment (without drug use), Apistan strip treatment, chamomile plant extract treatment as a spray, chamomile smoke treatment treatment, walnut green skin extract treatment as a spray and walnut green skin smoke treatment for five days were examined in selected hives. The results showed that comparing the mean effect of experimental treatments on different days and the whole period on Varroa mite indicates that walnut green shell smoke had the greatest effect and was able to equal the Apistan strip (P> 0.05). Other treatments including chamomile extract and smoke and walnut green husk extract had significant effects on the control of Varroa mite and had a significant difference with the control group (P<0.05). Also, the highest mortality occurred in the control group, which had a significant difference with other treatments (P <0.05) . There is no statistically significant difference (P> 0.05). And from all treatments, chamomile smoke had the least lethal effects on bees. Therefore, considering the harmful effects of chemicals used to control Varroa mite, the use of chamomile and especially the skin Walnut green in the form of smoke is recommended to control this mite.

In cold and temperate climates, honey bees (Apis mellifera) survive the winter by entering a distinct physiological and behavioral state. In recent years, beekeepers are reporting unsustainably high colony losses during the winter, which have been linked to parasitization by Varroa mites, virus infections, geographic location, and variation across honey bee genotypes. Here, we review literature on environmental, physiological, and social factors regulating entrance, maintenance, and exit from the overwintering state in honey bees in cold and temperate regions and develop a testable model to explain how multiple factors may be acting synergistically to regulate this complex transition. We also review existing knowledge of the factors affecting overwintering survival in honey bees and providing suggestions to beekeepers aiming to improve their colonies’ overwintering success.

Over the past ten years, some regions of the world have faced a significant decline in honey bee colonies. In fact, honey bee losses are not an unusual phenomenon, but recently, in many countries of the world, a significant decrease in bee colonies has been observed. Cases of this type of death in the United States of America, many European countries and the Middle East have attracted a lot of attention, mostly due to the lack of an identifiable cause. Due to the diverse social behavior of honey bees, it is difficult to determine the main factors in causing colony losses. In addition, honey bees are in contact with many environmental factors in their daily activities and they are exposed to a multitude of human activities and their consequences. However, various factors have been considered in bee losses and recent research has identified some of the most important of them, which include pests and diseases, bee management, beekeeping practices and bee breeding, climate change, agricultural activities, and pesticide use. Global studies have reported Varroa as the main factor in honey bee colony losses, followed by Nozma ceranae. It is clear that many factors influence honey bee colony losses worldwide. Increased monitoring and scientific research should shed new light on the factors involved in recent bee colony losses. The present review focuses on the main factors that influence the increase in bee colony losses.

The present study was performed to investigate the effect of eucalyptus leaf extract and tobacco smoke on Varroa mite using 36 hives over a period of 34 days. In one experimental group, no action was taken to control Varroa mite (control) and other one (positive control) Apistan Strip were placed in hive for 34 days. In the other experimental groups, Varroa mite was controlled using Barley, Basma, Virginia leaf tobacco smoke and Eucalyptus leaf extract in the first five days (first time) and the last four days (second time) during the control period. In the eucalyptus extract treatment, 15 ml of the extract solution (0.1 ml/mg) was sprayed between frames daily. In tobacco leaf smoke treatments (Barley, Basma, Virginia), the amount of 3 g of tobacco leaf was smoked. Tick shedding (daily), the number of larvae in each frame (on days 5 and 34) and the amount of honey (after 150 days) was measured. The main effect showed that mite shedding was higher in eucalyptus leaf extract (10. 3±2.01), Apistan (9.41±2.01) and Virginia tobacco smoke (7.41±2.01) than the control (0±2.01, P

Varroa destructor is the most important ectoparasite of Apis mellifera. This review addresses the interactions between the varroa mite, its environment, and the honey bee host, mediated by an impressive number of cues and signals, including semiochemicals regulating crucial steps of the mite’s life cycle. Although mechanical stimuli, temperature, and humidity play an important role, chemical communication is the most important channel. Kairomones are used at all stages of the mite’s life cycle, and the exploitation of bees’ brood pheromones is particularly significant given these compounds function as primer and releaser signals that regulate the social organization of the honey bee colony. V. destructor is a major problem for apiculture and the search for novel control methods is an essential task for researchers. A detailed study of the ecological interactions of V. destructor is a prerequisite for creating strategies to sustainably manage the parasite.

The result of the present study shows that the effects of using the three acariedes (Apistan, Bayvarol and Check-Mite) are different. The difference between the effects of these acariedes is due to the difference in their effective material. Check-Mite in all tests proved its effectiveness in comparison with the other acariedes. One can not be sure about the result of the study concerning to the resistance of all mites against the effect of Flovalinat (Piretroid). And, the resistance of some of them against Flovalinat can be due to the different origins of the different varieties of mites. Because of the long use of Apistan, some of the mites may be carried over from other places by non- native male bees. With regarding to the result of this study and the probable resistance of some of the mites against long use of Piretroid, the use of different acarieds like Check-Mite for a short period of time is recommended