جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "melisssococcus plutonius" در نشریات گروه "علوم دام"

European foulbrood is a bacterial disease that effects honey bee larvae before the capped stage. European foulbrood disease is characterized by dead and dying larvae which can appear curled upwards, brown or yellow, melted, and/or dried out and rubbery. The causative bacteria, Melissococcus plutonius is ingested by honey bee larvae after which the bacterium competes for food inside the larvae. If the bacteria out-competes the larva, the larva will die before the cell is capped. Alternatively, the bee may survive until adulthood if the larvae has sufficient food resources. European foulbrood should not be confused with American foulbrood (AFB), which is caused by a different bacteria that produces different symptoms and control requirements. European foulbrood disease is considered to be more problematic in situations where forage nectar is sporadic, or other situations that result in fewer nurse bees in colonies to feed larvae. At the onset of nectar flow in early spring, forage recruitment of house bees may increase rapidly resulting in few bees in colonies to feed honey bee larvae. Often, when the nurse bee to larvae ratio stabilizes later in the season, or remains stable throughout a season, symptoms disappear. However, this disease can occur throughout a season and will sometimes not clear up on its own. In severe cases, colony death can occur. Also, yearly reoccurrence of EFB from contaminated combs and equipment can occur. The bacteria that causes EFB does not produce spores, but combs contaminated with the bacteria can still reinfect honey bees in subsequent years.

European foul brood, is a honey bee larvae disease. EFB is a dangerous disease of the bee colonies that considered to be caused by Gram-positive Melissococcus plutonius. The disease is widely distributed in the world and has created a growing problem in some areas. Because of recent advances in molecular technology, identification of bacteria is very easy and nucleic acid detection technology is rapidly replacing traditional methods of microbiology. European foul brood, is located in the list of dangerous diseases for the health of animals. The disease is endemic in many parts of areas and provide seasonal epidemic. The scenario of this disease varies in different countries.
In this study with standard strain, PCR was developed by specific primers. PCR products electrophpresed on 1 % agarose gel.Larval samples using culture and PCR methode, were tested simultaneously.Eightsamples werepositive by PCRand2 sampleswere positiveby culture.