جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « propolis » در نشریات گروه « شیلات »

Aquaculture has become a significant source of income in areas facing declining natural fishery productivity. This work aimed to investigate the effect of Water Ethanol Extract propolis (WEEP) on peritoneal macrophages in vitro production of cytokines, including interleukin-1beta (IL-1?) in common carp, Cyprinus carpio challenged with Aeromonas hydrophilia. The results of hematological parameters revealed substantial alterations, particularly significant in the 2g/kg propolis group (T2), where red blood cells, packed cell volume, and hemoglobin exhibited changes, indicating potential advantages for fish health by intriguing immunomodulatory effects. The 2 g/kg propolis group (T2) increased WBC count, suggesting propolis's potential as an immunostimulant. Interleukin-1? (IL-1?) gene expression results showed a significant decrease in T2 compared to T3. This finding revealed the intricate relationship between propolis concentrations and the modulation of the immune response. The results showed the positive effect of propolis on as potential application as an immunostimulant in aquaculture.

The present study investigated the potential anti-Omycetes activity of the ethanolic extract of Iranian propolis on two Saprolegnia parasitica isolates (KMG2 and KMG3) obtained from infected rainbow trout eggs in Iran. The initial minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of propolis extract was determined by the hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed MicroPlate (HeMP) method. Then, the effect of propolis extract on hyphal radial growth and cyst germination was assessed by an agar dilution method and 48-well tissue culture plates, respectively. Also, the impact of propolis on the sporulation activity of Saprolegnia sporangia was evaluated by using Saprolegnia-colonized hemp seed in sterile distilled water (SDW). The HeMP method showed that propolis had some anti-oomycete activity on S. parasitica with a MIC value of 1000 ppm. According to the agar dilution method, complete inhibition of hyphal growth was achieved at 250 ppm for KMG2 and 500 ppm for KMG3. Cyst germination and sporulation activity were ultimately arrested at 200 and 800 ppm, respectively. In conclusion, the propolis extract can be explored as an anti-oomycete substance for treating saprolegniasis in aquaculture. However, an in vivo study is required to assess the safety and efficacy of propolis before application in aquatic animal medicine.

This study evaluated the oral administration of gamma-irradiated ethanolic extract of Iranian propolis on juvenile common carp. Fish were assigned into five groups and fed on the basal diet (control group) and an enriched diet containing 0.5 g kg-1 of GI-EEP supplements for 45 days. Growth performance, haematological indices, and immunological parameters were measured. The results showed that oral administration of GI-EEP (0, 10, and 30 kGy) significantly improved the growth performance. However, GI-EEP dietary supplements had no significant effects on the survival rate, haematological indices, catalase activity and total mucosal immunoglobulins of fish. A significant increase in lysozyme activities and total immunoglobulins was observed in fish fed on GI-EEP. The results suggested that feeding fish with 50 kGy of GI-EEP decreased certain growth performance indices and immunological parameters. The highest superoxide dismutase activity was observed in the fish fed on 30 kGy of GI-EEP, while the SOD activity significantly decreased in fish fed on 50 kGy of GI-EEP. The overall results of this study showed the use of GI-EEP at 10 and 30 kGy in the diet could improve growth indices and increase the efficiency of the innate immune and cellular antioxidant capacity. In contrast, the biological impact of EEP treated at 50 KGy gamma rays may be significantly reduced due to changes in its quality.

Regarding the important role of proinflammatory outer membrane protein (OipA) in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection and immunomodulatory activity of propolis, we aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity effect of a purified recombinant OipA protein and propolis in the induction of two cytokines, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4), in a macrophage cell model.

The recombinant protein used in the present study corresponding to the oipA expressing a 34-35 kDa protein. OipA protein was purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The purified OipA protein (2.5- 40 μg /mL) and the propolis ethanolic extract (5-40 μg/mL) were incubated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-treated human myelomonocytic cell line U937 cells. IL-4 and IFN-γ levels were measured after 48 hours of incubation using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

The amounts of IL-4 and IFN-γ were significantly increased. The optimum concentration of OipA for the secretion of IL-4 was 5 μg/ml (P<0.0001). At higher concentrations, the amount of IL-4 diminished until suppression at 40 μg/mL. The optimum concentration of propolis, resulting in the most significant increased secretion of both IL-4 and IFN-γ was 40 μg/mL (P=0.0001 and P=0.0004).

We found that an OipA concentration of 10 μg/mL was more effective for IFN-γ production; however, it was not effective for the high production of IL-4. Therefore, it is postulated that the OipA could mainly induce a Th1 response through the production of IFN-γ. We also observed propolis’s capability to induce IFN-γ production; however, the effective concentration for this was the same as for IL-4. Therefore, as an adjuvant, proper concentration of propolis is required for OipA to give the optimum response.

The success of many vaccines relies on their association with selected adjuvants in order to increase their immunogenicity and ensure long-term protection. Propolis is a natural compound, mostly known for its immunostimulatory properties. In this study the adjuvant effects of propolis in combination with formalin-killed Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were evaluated and compared with Freund’s adjuvant. Three hundred juvenile carp (weighing 50.4±3.2 g) were divided randomly into four groups in triplicates. The fish were intraperitonealy injected with A. hydrophila bacterin (A.h) in combination with normal saline (Formalin Killed Bacterin, FKB group), Freund (FKB +F group), and Propolis (FKB +P group) respectively. The control group was injected with normal saline.  Serum samples were taken from fish in each group every other week (days 0, 14, 28 and 42) of the experiment and immunological parameters including anti A. hydrophila antibody titer, serum lysozyme and antibacterial activity, complement activity, Nitro blue tetrazolium activity and serum total protein and globulin were compared among the groups. At the end of study the remaining fish in each group were challenged with virulent A. hydrophila and mortality was recorded for 10 days and Relative Percentage Survival (RPS) was calculated and compared among the groups. Results showed that although antibody titer and most of none specific immune responses increased in groups 2 and 3 compare to control group (p<0.05), no significant difference were seen in group 1 and 3 (p>0.05). Besides no significant change was observed in mortality rate following the challenge in the propolis adjuvanted group compared with the FKB group (p>0.05). According to results, it can be concluded that although propolis as an adjuvant can promote some immune responses of common carp, it can't affect efficacy of vaccine and Ab titer of injected antigens, so it seems more work is needed to present propolis as a proper candidate for the development of a natural adjuvant in fish vaccines.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of propolis on biochemical and microbiological parameters in muscle tissues of carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) exposed to arsenic. A sublethal concentration of arsenic (0.01 ppm) and/or 0.01 ppm propolis were administered to fish for seven days. Biochemical parameters [pH, lactic acid, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), and malondialdehyde (MDA) values] and microbiological changes (mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria count) were determined in fillet of carp in control, arsenic only, propolis only and arsenic+propolis treatment groups. Results showed that the levels of MDA, lactic acid and TVB-N increased (p<0.05) while there were decreases total counts of psychrophilic, mesophilic bacteria and level of pH in arsenic group compared to the control group. Additionally, levels of pH, lactic acid, TVB-N, counts of psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria in arsenic (0.01 ppm)+propolis (10 ppm) group significantly reduced compared to arsenic group (p<0.05). In conclusion, propolis can affects some biochemical and microbiologic functions and quality in the fillet of carp exposed to arsenic.

The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of propolis for the toxicity of cypermethrin (CYP) on histopathological changes in tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). CYP is one of the most toxic pyrethroids highly for the aquatic organisms. The fish were exposed to three sublethal concentrations of CYP (0.0041, 0.0082 and 0.0123 ppm). In addition, different concentrations of propolis (10, 20 and 30 ppm) were used in the investigation for the period of 96 h. Propolis was collected by honeybees from different plants to prevent oxidative damages as an antioxidant. The therapeutic concentration of propolis was determined at 10 ppm. 10 ppm propolis was added to three cypermethrin concentrations. Shorting the secondary lamellae, fusion of secondary lamellae, oedema, necrosis, vacuolization and cartilage damage in gill tissue of fish exposed to CYP were observed by histopatological analyses. Hepatic lesions in liver tissue of fish exposed to CYP were characterized as hydropic degeneration, necrosis, mononuclear cell infiltration and narrowing of sinusoids. The most common changes in muscle tissues at all concentrations of CYP were nuclear proliferation and congestion. Besides, 10 ppm propolis on gill, liver, muscle tissues of rainbow trouts showed significant therapeutic effects. Histological analysis revealed that propolis may serve as an antitoxic agent against pesticide toxicity.

Cypermethrin is a potential toxic pollutant that directly threatens the aquatic ecosystems and environment. Propolis, a natural product collected from plants by honey bees has many functions, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. This study attempted to detrmine some biochemical and microbiological parameters of rainbow trout fillets after exposure to propolis and cypermethrin. The results of the current study revealed that levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), lactic acid, total volatile base-nitrogen (TVB-N), total counts of psychrophilic, and mesophilic bacteria increased in cypermethrin groups (P<0.05), compared to control group. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in pH levels between groups. Additionally, levels of MDA, lactic acid, TVB-N, count of psychrophilic, and mesophilic bacteria in cypermethrin+propolis treated groups were significantly reduce in comparison to exposed groups with cypermethrin (P<0.05). The findings also showed that the fillet quality some biochemical and microbiologic functions of fishes could be changed in groups that exposed to cypermethrin by propolis.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of natural products like propolis on biochemical and hematologic parameters in carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) exposed to arsenic. In this study fish were exposed to 0.01 mg/L arsenic and 10 mg/L propolis for seven days. Our results indicated that triglyceride, urea, total cholesterol, cobalt, ALT (alanine amino transferase), AST (aspartate amino transferase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) values increased when exposed to arsenic (P<0.05) but reduced by combination of arsenic and propolis (P<0.05). Granulocyte, erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit values were decreased by use of arsenic in comparison to control group. These parameters increased in arsenic+propolis group (P<0.05). In addition levels of leucocyte, agranulocyte, MCV (mean corpuscular volume), MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin) and MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) increased in the arsenic group (P<0.05) and decreased in arsenic+propolis group (P<0.05). We can say that propolis can improve biochemical and hematologic functions of common carp blood, after being exposed to arsenic.