جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ریخت سنجی » در نشریات گروه « شیلات »

In order to study the genetic structure and morphology of the population of the whitefin wolf herring (Chirocentrus nudus) from three regions of Abadan, Shif and Bandar Abbas on the coast of the Persian Gulf, 20 specimens from each station and a total of 60 fish were collected using gill-nets in May 2019. 29 morphometric and 5 counting traits were measured. For genetic study using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (COI) gene sequencing method, a piece of caudal fin of 6 fish samples from Shif, Abadan and Bandar Abbas stations were fixed in 96% ethanol and transferred to the laboratory. DNA extraction was done by phenol chloroform and polymerase chain reaction with a pair of primers. After sequencing or COI gene barcode, the sequences were aligned. The results of sequencing showed that the amplified fragment is exactly 595 bp. The COI gene in the region studied is exactly the same in all samples. Also, the results of principal component analysis (PCA) for morphometric traits showed that 9 factors with eigenvalues ​​greater than 1 were selected, which includes 84.56% of the variation of morphometric traits. The distribution diagram based on the first and second components, dendrogram of morphometric traits and phylogeny tree drawing with Maximum likelihood, Neighbor-joining and UPGMA software showed that the whitefin wolf herring has at least two populations in the north of the Persian Gulf.

In the present study, the morphological variation and some biological parameters (growth pattern and condition factor) of 46 specimens of Chondrostoma regium collected from the Gamasiab, Dinevar, Qarasu and Zab rivers were analyzed. A total of 22 morphometric and 6 meristic characteristics were measured and counted, respectively. To investigate the morphological variations between studied populations, morphometric and meristic characteristics were analysed using One-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Canonical Variates Analysis (CVA). The results showed that 16 morphometric and 5 meristic characteristics had significant differences (P<0.05). CVA analysis of morphometric traits showed that the populations had a high overlap and only the Zab River was separated from others, also in those meristic, Zab populations were separated from each other. Based on the results, C. regium showed significant morphological differences in meristic and morphometric discriminability characteristics. The growth pattern was isometric for Gamasiab, Dinevarr, and Qarasu populations but positive allometric for the Zab population. The condition factor was determined between 0.97 (Zab) and 1.06 (Dinevar), and there were no significant differences found between the studied rivers.

The evolution of fish populations and adaptation to habitat conditions cause morphological differences between them. This study was conducted to investigate morphological variations between Southern Nase, Chondrostoma regium, populations in the sub-basins of the Persian Gulf basin, including the three-border western sub-basins, Karkheh and Karun, using geometric morphometric techniques. For this purpose, samplings were performed from the rivers of Alvand by 18 specimens, 24 from Behesht-Abad, 18 from Beshar (sub-basin of Karun), 14 from Diverab, and 6 from Homeil during 2018-2020. To extract body shape data, the left side of specimens was photographed, and 15 landmark points were digitized on obtained 2D pictures using tpsDig2. The extracted data were analyzed using multivariate analysis, including canonical variates analysis (MANOVA/CVA) and cluster analysis after GPA superimposition. The results revealed a significant difference between the Southern Nase populations of the studied rivers based on the body shape (P<0.05). The main differences in the body shape between the studied populations were in the head shape and size, body depth, snout position, and pectoral fin base. The results indicate the high phenotypic plasticity of this species in diverse habitats.

In 2018, in order to study a few biological characteristics, including length-weight relationship, condition factor, fecundity, age frequency, and morphological characteristics of Salmo trutta, a total of 38 specimens were collected in three upstream stations, Grap, Gathedeh, and Dehdar (tributaries of the Taleghan River). Some of the collected samples were transferred to the laboratory after fixation in the buffer 10% formalin and 29 morphometric and seven meristic traits were measured and counted, respectively. In addition, based on the conservation importance of the studied species, a number of morphometric traits of the few specimens were analyzed using the acquired high-quality pictures by ImageJ software. The results showed that the samples have 4 age groups, including 1, 2, 3, and 4 years old. The highest and lowest frequency was one-year-old group with 73.7% and 4 with 2.6%, respectively. The sex ratio was 1.8 (male): 1 (female). Based on the results, the length-weight relationship was obtained as Y = 0.0004x2.39. The condition factor was in the range of 0.71 to 1.26, as well as absolute fecundity of the Taleghan population was 168-379. In investigating the feeding habits, a wide range of macrobenthos was observed, indicating its dependence on available food items.

During 2018-2019, to study the morphological diversity of Oxynoemacheilus elsae, a total of 51 specimens were collected from the Godarchai, Barandozchai, Zarrinehrood and Mahabadchai rivers, Urmia Lake basin using electrofishing. From the collected samples, 22 morphometric characteristics were measured using a digital caliper with an accuracy of 0.1 mm. Also, in geometric morphometric (GM) method, the side of the samples were photographed, and 14 landmarks were digitized using tpsDig2 software. The extracted data were analyzed to understand morphological variation between the studied populations using multivariate analysis i.e. PCA, MANOCA /CVA and cluster analysis. The results showed a significant difference between the studied populations in terms of the morphological characters (P<0.05). In traditional method, there were significant differences in 10 traits between the studied populations (P<0.05). The main differences in GM method were related to the body and head depth, mouth position and caudal peduncle height. The observed morphological variations show the high adaptability of this species, especially in the pectoral fin length and body height traits with habitat adaptation.

This investigation was conducted to study of diversity and distinction of Garra rufa in some aquatic ecosystems located in Fars province. So, 208 samples were collected from five aquatic ecosystems located in Fars province (Rudbal river, Babasheikh Khalil subterranean, Qaderabad subterranean, Doudabad subterranean, Khargheh river) and 24 morphological traits were measured. Before data analysis, morphometric traits were standardized to reduce or eliminate of size and algometric growth effect. The results showed that studied population have significant differences in all of relative morphometric traits except of pelvic fin length, which indicates a high phenotypic diversity in Gara. According to principal component analysis, population of Babasheikh Khalil are very different with Qaderabad and Kharqeh population. On the other hand, a little separation was observed for Kherghe and Rudbal populations with Qaderabad and Dodabad. Based on results, the most important traits for identification and differentiation of G. rufa population are dorsal fin height, anal fin height, barbell length, disc length and disc width in the studied ecosystems.

This study was conducted to investigate the morphological variations of Patimar gobi, Ponticola patimari in Chalous, Kheirud and Tonekabon rivers, the middle part of the southern Caspian Sea basin. For this purpose, a total of 22 specimens were collected using electrofishing. In the Lab, some 22 morphometric characters were measured using digital caliper. Then, data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA, Duncan test, principal component analysis (PCA), canonical variate analysis (CVA), and cluster analysis. The results showed that the studied populations have significant differences in 11 morphometric traits (P<0. 05). PCA and CVA analysis separated the studied populations; also, cluster analysis placed Kheirud in one clade and others in another one. The morphological characteristics in the head region as well as the pectoral fin lenght and the position of the anal fin were effective traits in population separation.

This study was conducted to investigate the morphological variation of Planiliza abu in the Tireh (Tigris Basin), Kor (Kor River Basin) and Jegin (Hormozgan Basin) rivers using traditional (TM) and geometric morphometric (GM) methods. For this purpose, a total of 62 specimens were collected using electrofishing device and Salik net. In the Lab, 21 morphometric traits were measured. Then, to extract the morphological data in the geometric method, 16 landmark-points were defined and digitized on the photographs taken from the left side of fish using tpsDig2 software. The results showed that the studied populations had significant differences in 7 morphometric traits (P<0.05). The differences in the geometric method were those of the head size, body depth, pectoral fin position and caudal peduncle length. Based on the results, GM method showed higher accuracy to reveal the morphological variations in the generalist species of Planiliza abu, which can inhabit a wide range of habitats.

To study the morphological variation of Capoeta saadii, 15 specimens from Maharlu River (Maharlu lake basin), 15 from Shapour River (Persis basin) and 15 from Kor River (Kor river basin) were collected. In the Lab, a total of 20 morphometric traits were measured using a digital caliper. Then, standardized data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA analysis, Duncan grouping, principal component analysis (PCA), and canonical variate analysis (CVA) with p-value obtained from NPMANOVA and cluster analysis (CA). The results showed that the studied populations were significantly different in 8 morphometric traits (P<0.05). Body depth was the most effective character to discriminate the studied populations. Cluster analysis also separated the Shapour population from others.

Ghost crabs are the largest invertebrates on sandy beaches around the world. The one of type of ghost crabs is Ocypode rotundata which is distributed on sandy beaches of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. The aim of this study was discrimination of O. rotundata population using 33 morphometric characteristics selected of carapace, walking legs, abdomen, major chela by principle component analysis (PCA) in software of R. For this purpose, samples were collected at low tide by excavating (20-150 cm) in four zones of south and south western of Qeshm Island (Sakoo naft, Souza, Salakh, Kani). According to results, there were differences between individuals of some population in terms of investigated morphometric characteristics. On the other hand, most of the population showed overlapping which could not be separated together completely. Among the obtained morphological index traits are third walking leg length, body height, abdomen length, first part of abdomen width, fifth part of abdomen width, chela and merus length which can be reason for variety between individuals.

Morphological variations (morphometric and meristic traits), length-weight relationship parameters and condition factor were studied in autumn and spring populations of Alburnus chalcoides, collected from Sefid River (45 autumn and 113 spring) and Siahdarvishan (22 autumn and 28 spring) in the southern Caspian Sea basin. After anesthesia and fixation into the 4% buffered formalin, the samples were transferred to the laboratory and a total of 22 morphometric and 8 meristic characters were measured and counted using caliper and stereo-microscope, respectively. The results showed that the autumn and spring migratory populations of the studied species in the Sefid and Siahdarvishan rivers have significant differences in 7 and 2 morphometric traits (P<0.05), respectively, but not different in meristic characters (P>0.05). The results of the length-weight relationship parameters revealed that the Sefid River populations has an isometric growth pattern and the autumn and spring populations of the Siahdarvishan River showed positive allometric and isometric growth patterns, respectively.

In this study, the morphological variation of Oxynoemacheilus bergianus was studied in the different rivers of the Namak Lake and Caspian Sea basins using traditional morphometric method. For this purpose, a total of 76 specimens were collected from eight river systems and after fixation into 4% buffered formalin, transfered to the laboratory, a total of 31 morphological characteristics were measured using digital calipers. After standardization, the morphometric data were analyzed using multivariate analysis including principal component analysis (PCA), canonical variate analysis with p-value obtained from MANOVA (MANOVA/CVA) and cluster analysis (CA). The results showed significant differences in 24 traits between the studied populations (P<0.05), which anal fin depth and the ventral-anal fin distances were main discriminative ones. CVA analysis was able to separate the studied populations. Also, CA placed the Gharesu and Sefid populations in a clade and separate from other populations. The observed differences may be related to phenotype plasticity in response to environmental conditions.

During the early development stages, fish larvae undergo complex changes that result in improved their adaptation to their environment. Shirbot, Arabibarbus grypus, is one of the economical valuable fish in the southwest of Iran due to its high-quality meat and marketing. Hence, the current study was conducted to investigate the morphological changes in its larvae during early development stages up to 50 days post-hatching. The larvae were obtained from the native fish breeding center of Khuzestan Province. Larvae were sampled daily for the first two weeks and then every 5 days until 50 dph. To study the body shape changes of larvae, geometric morphometric technique with the definition of 9 landmark-points was used. Relative warp and regression analysis based on P-value obtained from 1000 replications were used to study the morphological changes during early developmental stages. The changes of morphological stages were visualized based on the deformation grids compared to the consensus one. Based on the results of the geometric morphometric analysis, the larval stages of this species from hatching up to 50 days can be divided into four distinct stages of (1) 1-4, (2) 5-25, (3) 30-35 and (4) 40-50 DPH in terms of morphological changes. The inflexion point of morphological changes was 20 dph. The end of stage 1 coincided with the beginning of exogenous feeding, and stage 2 was more concerned with changes in the body shape, including the increase of the body depth as well as increasing pigment density, especially in the dorsal part of the body, indicating increased fish adaptability for greater maneuverability, camouflage, and increased the ability to prey small organisms. In the third and fourth stages, this species is almost in the form of a miniature form of adult fish, one but with a relatively elongated, fusiform body shape.

This study was conducted to investigate the morphological variations of Sasanidus kermanshahensis, in the Karkheh river drainage. For this purpose, a total of 162 specimens of the Gardekaneh, Bojin, Dinoarab, Doab, Khoramroud, Maran and Sartang rivers were collected. A total of 30 morphometric traits were measured using digital calipers. After standardization, data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov analysis, One-way ANOVA and Duncan grouping, Kruskal-Wallis, principal component analysis (PCA), and Multivariate analysis of variance / canonical variate analysis (MANOVA / CVA). The results showed significant differences in 27 morphometric traits out of 30, and the characteristics, including pre anal length, distance between pectoral and anal fins, pre ventral, distance between pectoral and ventral fins, caudal peduncle length and pectoral fin length were effective traits in separating the studied populations. The results revealed high Phenotype plasticity ability of Sasanidus kermanshahensis in different habitats. Also based the results, this species adapts to the environmental conditions of different habitats by shifting the position of its fins throughout the body.

Sexual dimorphism is a phenomenon in some fish species and its understanding is crucial for their taxonomic studies, biology and evolution. Regarding differences in body coloration patterns between male and female of Caucasian dwarf goby, Knipowitschia caucasica, the question arises whether they are different in their body shape or not? Hence, this investigation was conducted to study the sexual dimorphism in body shape of Caucasian dwarf goby from the Gorgan Bay using landmark-based geometrics technique. For this purpose, a total of 120 specimens were collected from two populations i.e. the Gorgan Bay and Gomishan Wetland. Then, their left side were photographed and 21 defined landmark-points were digitized on the obtained 2D images. After GPA analysis, the data of both populations were analyzed separately using multivariate discriminant analysis and Hotelling T-test. The results showed a significant difference between the body shape of male and female in both studied populations that the distinction rate in the population of the Gomishan Wetland was higher. Based on the observed differences, the male has a deeper head, lower body depth at the level of the dorsal fins and, longer and low depth of the caudal peduncle. According to the results, it can be stated that sexual dimorphism in this species has been probably evolved due to the mechanism of sexual selection, which can be consider as functional advantages in reproductive processes and swimming performance in males. Hence, due to the sexual dimorphism in this species, in further morphological studies, two sexes should be examined separately.

The length-weight and some length- length relationships of six fish species, including Lutjanus malabaricus, Acanthopagrus latus, L. johnii, Rastrelliger kanagurta, Gerres longirostris and Sillago sihama from the Persian Gulf were studied. The specimens were collected from landing centers and their morphometics, including total length (TL), fork length (FL), standard length (SL), body depth (BD), and caudal fin height (FH) measured to the nearest mm and weighed to the nearest 0.1 g. All length-weight relationships were significant, with the coefficient of determination (r2) ranging from 0.84 (G. longirostris) to 0.98 (L. malabaricus) (P<0.01). The parameter b ranged from 2.54 (R. Kanagurta) to 2.98 (S. sihama). The results indicated isometric growth in L. malabaricus, A. latus, L. johnii, and S. sihama andnegative allometric growth pattern in G. longirostris and R. kanagurta. The results indicated that the length-length (TL-FL and TL-SL) relationships were highly correlated and significant for all species (P<0.01). The relationship between TL-BD and BD-FH was also significant, except for R. kanagurta (P>0.01).

This study was carried out with the aim of investigating the possibility of separation of Caucasian faeces with the aid of grapefruit traits (Berg, 1916) Knipowitschia caucasica between two areas of Gomishan wetland and Gorgan Bay in the spring of 1395. In this study 120 samples of this species were studied. In this study, the method of analysis of the main components of the possibility of separating the two reserves was studied. The properties studied were separately compared to each other. The traits were standardized before being used by Bagam method. The KMO coefficient was 0.81, indicating the suitability of the decomposition method to be the principal components for examining the possibility of separating the reserves. The output of the experimental model to the main components indicated that there were four factors with special values ​​greater than one for morphometric traits and six factors for relative morphometric characteristics. The results of this study showed that the Caucasian gastropods in these two regions can be divided into two separate reserves despite the presence of partial mixing.

This study investigated the present species of Sparidae family in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Population structure of dominant and significant species of the genus” Acanthopagrus” was examined through morphometric and meristic characteristics from June 2014 to May 2016. Sparidae samples were collected from 5 area of Khuzestan, Bushehr, West and East Strait of Hormuz, and Sistan & Baluchistan in the Persian Gulf & Oman Sea. Totally, 54 characteristics comprising 41 morphometric and 13 meristic characteristics were measured in each species and 9 species from Sparidae family including Acanthopagrus arabicus, Acanthopagrus bifasciatus ¡ Acanthopagrus berda , Argirops spinifer¡ Crenidense crenidens¡ Diplodus sargus kotschyi ¡ Sparidentex hasta Rhabdosargus sarba and Rhabdosargus haffara, were identified. The result of the investigation on the family structure of Acanthopagrus arabicus species was carried out by Dunkan test on standard length, analysis on classification of morphometric and meristic characteristics, decomposition test to main component of PCA, discriminant function analysis (DFA) and the Cluster test on morphometric and meristic characteristics showed that the studied samples in 5 areas have considerable differences (P

So far, the Caspian black-striped pipefish (S. caspius) is the only recorded species of the Syngnathidae in Caspian Sea. In this research, 50 specimens of pipefish were collected from brackish water of Gorgan Bay, and the basic information related to 21 morphometric and 6 meristic characteristics and population dynamic parameters including L-infinity, t-zero , instant growth rate, and condition factor were estimated. Results show the existence of two distinct populations with significant differences in some morphological parameters, especially in eye diameter, snout length, anal and pectoral fins height and mouth height in pipefish inhabiting southeast Caspian Sea. However, there was no significant difference between the two populations in meristic characteristics. Aging using opercula revealed 5 age groups (0+4). The maximum total length was observed 144 cm (3 years) and 149 cm (4 years) in male and female genus, respectively. Von Bertalanffy model was Lt=177.94 (1-e0.3(t.56)) and Lt=153.69 (1-e0.3(t.07)) for Caspian population and semi-Black Sea population, respectively. Growth pattern was reported as negative allometric model in two populations. Separation of the studied populations in Gorgan Bay were proved via investigating some biometric parameters of Caspian pipefish using multivariate statistical methods of PCA and DFA. Final identification of species or subspecies needs genetic studies.
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This study was conducted to survey population variation of Capoeta heratensis in Hari River and Dasht-e Kavir basins of Iran using geometric morphometric technique. For this purpose, 3 populations of C. heratensis, with 30 specimens for each population, were collected from the Aal, Hari and Bidvaz rivers. The specimens were fixed into buffered formalin after anaesthetizing and transported to the laboratory. The left side of each specimen was photographed using digital camera and fifteen landmark points were digitized on 2D images using TpsDig2. The landmark data after generalised procrustes analysis were analyzed using PCA, CVA and cluster analysis using Past and MorphoJ softwares. CVA analysis displayed significant differences among three studied populations. Based on the results, Bidvaz population showed greater differences compared to two other populations. The observed differences can be attributed to the diversity of habitat and feeding habits of the studied populations as well as geographical separation.