جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « entrepreneurial spirit » در نشریات گروه « علوم ترویج »

Strengthening and paying attention to entrepreneurial spirit among the members of society are of important topics in entrepreneurship. Meeting the goals in this field requires some contextual factors that are considered as the prerequisites of ground setting for entrepreneurship. Present study aims to investigate the effects of contextual factors on the entrepreneurial spirit among members of agricultural cooperatives in Naghadeh Township. Present study is an applied research which was carried out through cross-sectional survey. Statistical population of this research was members of cooperatives (N=1170). Krejice and Morgan Table was used to determine the sample size (n=290). A stratified random sampling method was implemented to select samples. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire that its validity confirmed by a panel of experts. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to test the reliability of different parts of questionnaire (0.88≤α≤0.92). The results of structural equation modeling showed that economic, social, technological, and political factors have positive and significant effects on entrepreneurial spirit. So that the value of the determination coefficient (R2) could account for 0.66% of the variance of the dependent variable. According to the results, it is recommended that agricultural cooperatives be given more attention by policymakers because of their potential in entrepreneurship and improving entrepreneurial spirit.

Entrepreneurial skills are identified as a socity priority because of their impact on people’s economic, personal and social lives. The purpose of this research is to investigate factors affecting on the development of entrepreneurial skills among educators at agricultural technical colleges in Sari Township. Methodologically, this research is a casual-relation and applied study. The statistical population comprised 531 agricultural educators at Agricultural Technical Colleges in Sari Township. According to the Cochran formula, a sample size of 230 was selected using stratified random sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity of which was approved by agricultural extension experts at Islamic Azad University and its reliability was estimated to be 0.90 using ordinal theta coeficint. SPSSWin16 used the process data. The analysed results showed that approximately, 63.5% of respondents ranked their entrepreneurial skills at high level and 13% considered it at intermediate level. Results indicated that the variables; number of in-service course, family size, personality factors, educational factors, management factors and entrepreneurial spirit had a significant positive correlation (P=0.01) with entrepreneurial skills. Also economic factors have a significant positive correlation (P=0.05) with entrepreneurial skills. So, these variables have positive impact on development of educators’ entrepreneurial skills. Based on ordinal regression findings five variables including; number of educational course, family size, personality factors, management factors and entrepreneurial spirit were influencing on the probability of estimating the educators entrepreneurial skills level..

The appearance and enhancement of entrepreneurial behavior depend on various factors and conditions including psychological and personality properties of people, and environmental and structural factors. The present study which is a survey in nature, aims at investigating entrepreneurial spirit. The data was collected through questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by content validity and the reliability of them was identified by studying the guide lines. The statistical society of the study included Basij members among agriculture and nature resources engineers in the city Qom who were 190 people. 125 people were selected through random sampling. The data was analyzed descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results indicated that there was a significant relationship between agricultural experience, entrepreneurial motivation, practical training, and theoretical training with entrepreneurial spirit. So that factor of practical training, theoretical training, entrepreneurial motivation and agricultural experience explain 81% of entrepreneurial spirit changes of study people. Therefore this result, justify understanding necessity and participation in holding of activities related to agriculture for members of Basij organization among agricultural and nature resources engineers.

To develop entrepreneurship in agricultural sector, it is essential to improve entrepreneurship spirit among its students. This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological entrepreneurial features and entrepreneurial spirit of agriculture students. This study was a descriptive- correlation research. The statistical population consisted of 182 agricultural graduate students in 2014 at Ramin Agricultural and Natural resource university. Randomly stratified sample consists of 123 students.Standard questionnaire of Shahid Chamran University along with a researcher-made questionnaire with numerical range of zero to ten were used to collect data. Data processing soft wares were SPSS20 and LISREL8/5. The correlation and confirmatory factor analysis test were used. Results showed that the mean of all psychological features except the need to autonomy were above the average. Also, there was statistically significant relationship between entrepreneurial features and entrepreneurial spirit. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the highest loadings were the need to achievement, responsibility, internal locus of control and endurance features. These features were the most important features to form the entrepreneurial spirit of students. The above average level of entrepreneurship spirit implies that graduate students at Khuzestan Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University are psychologically potential to become entrepreneurs

The purpose of this study is to identify the undergraduate students’ entrepreneurial spirit. Study population was undergraduate students of the College of Agriculture at Shiraz University. A multi-stage stratified random sampling was used to collect data from 191students using questionnaire. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by extension experts. The results showed significant difference between members and non-members of students cooperative in entrepreneurial spirit variables so that cooperative members had more risk-taking behavior and creativity. Also creativity mean of students participated in entrepreneurship courses was more than other students. The training classes, entrepreneurship workshops and encouraging students to join agricultural cooperatives will increase entrepreneurial spirit in students for self-employment.

This study aims to identify psychological and sociological characteristics associated with the entrepreneurial spirit in students. Research method of this study was survey research. The data collection tools was a researcher-made questionnaire plus two standard tests. Total population was 262 graduate students of Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University and 170 persons of them were selected randomly by Krejcie and Morgan Table. Based on the results the entrepreneurial spirit in our study was relatively poor and the majority of student's had quite desirable characteristics of creativity, Internal control center, need for achievement, dedication and determination but undesirable risk taking Propensity and independence features. In the level of Ninety-five percent, there is a significant statistical difference between entrepreneurial spirit in terms of educational and employment history. also in the level of Ninety-five percent and Ninety-nine percent, there is a significant difference in terms of faculty and academic disciplines, is in the creativity feature, Thus agricultural and rural engineering college student and Mechanization Department, compared to other faculties and disciplines have been more creative. In the level of Ninety-five percent, there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurial spirit and need for achievement with educational level and in the level of Ninety-nine percent there is a negative correlation between dedication and determination with birth order. In the level of Ninety-five percent there is a positive correlation between creativity with Education level of mother

The aim of present study is identifying the entrepreneurship educational barriers is miandoab agricultural educational center this is a descriptive-correlation and survey study. Statistical population of the study include, all students in miandoab agricultural education center who participate in entrepreneurship courses. A simple random sample of 186 students was selected using the krejcie and Morgan table. In order to gathering data, interview and questionnaire were utilized as the main tools of data gathering a survey study. The validity of questionnaires were confirmed with corrective feedback from professors of Tarbiat Modares university. According to the results of this study, lake of interaction between university and entrepreneurial firms and avoidance of using skillful teachers are the main educational barriers. Also, based on the results of factor analysis weakness of policy and planning are the main barriers.

The purpose of this study was to compare entrepreneurial spirit of successful and unsuccessful managers of agricultural cooperatives in Ilam Township. This research was applied and a descriptive-survey research method was used. Statistical population of this study are all the managers of agricultural cooperatives in Ilam county (N =340). The numbers of successful managers were 265 people, and the numbers of unsuccessful managers were 75 people. In this study, unsuccessful managers were studied by using census method and 100 cases of successful cooperative managers were selected by using proportionate stratified random sampling method and using Cochran formula. Instrument of data gathering was questionnaire which its content validity was confirmed by expert panel. Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was used to determine reliability of questionnaire and its value was equal to 0/87, which is acceptable. The results showed that the characteristic of risk-taking, locus of control and creativity of the participants was strong. Also, characteristic of need to achievement, tolerance for ambiguity and independence of participants was average. Also the results showed that there was a significant difference between entrepreneurial sprit of successful and unsuccessful agricultural cooperatives managers in terms of risk-taking, need to achivement and independence, but There was no significant difference between sprit of successful and unsuccessful managers in terms of creativity, tolerance for ambiguity and locus of control.

The purpose of research was to investigate influencing of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial spirit and skills of the students in Miandoab agricultural education center. This study was descriptive-correlation research and used survey method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students in Miandoab educational center who have passed the entrepreneurship 3-credit course. Using Krejcie and Morgan’s table and proportional stratified random sampling technique, 178 students selected as research sample. The validity of the questionnaire was verified through the judgment of a panel of academic staffs in Tarbiat Modares University. To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients calculated for the main scales of the questionnaire (0.60 to 0.85). Based on the results, there were significant differences between entrepreneurial spirit and skills before and after passing the entrepreneurship course. In other words, entrepreneurship education has caused improvement in entrepreneurial sprit and skills of the students. The results of multivariate regression analysis indicated that 36.8 percent (R2­= 0.368) of the variability in education level and location and previous experience of the entrepreneurship capabilities.

This study aims to investigated the impact of curriculum components on students’ creativity tendency in Alborz Agricultural Scientific-Applied Higher Education Centers. Statistical population of this research was consisted of 2004 students; from that 178 students were selected as sample useing stratified random sampling. Data was analyzed by SPSS software. Findings of correlation analysis indicated a positive statistically significant relationship between teaching methods, education contents, learner, educators, evaluation and student entrepreneurial creativity. Regulations component did not play an important role in Students entrepreneurial creativity. In contrast, findings revealed negative statistically significant relationship between physical environment and students’ entrepreneurial creativity. Results from multiple regression analysis indicated that educational content, evaluation, learner, teaching methods and physical environment 49.1% of the variance of students’ entrepreneurial creativity.

Training students to have entrepreneurship spirit to become futures entrepreneurs is the first step to prepareentrepreneurship agricultural graduates. This study aimed at comparing entrepreneurship spirit of undergraduatestudents of agricultural majors in Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.This was descriptive-correlational research and its statistical population consisted of all 220 undergraduatestudents at their last semester of their education. Appling systematic classified random sampling method andusing Krejcie and Morgan table, 142 students were selected. The research instrument was a standard questionnaireto measure personality characteristics of entrepreneurs. Cronbach's alpha coefficient different partsof the questionnaire ranged from α1= 0.85 to α8=0.71. Data processing was performed using SPSSWin16.Results showed that entrepreneurial characteristics such as: balanced risk taking, internal locus of control,need for achievement, intellectual clearness, pragmatism, dreamers seeking and challenging in majority ofrespondents were low and very low but tolerance for ambiguity was strong. Also, there was no significancedifference between male and female respondents in terms of internal locus of control, pragmatism, tolerancefor ambiguity, dreamers seeking, challenge, need for achievement and entrepreneurship score. But, there wassignificant difference between male and female aspects in balanced risk taking and intellectual clearness.Also, there was a significant difference between attitudes of students in different majors in terms of entrepreneurialcharacteristics such as: internal locus of control, intellectual clearness, pragmatism, challenge, needfor achievement and entrepreneurship score. At the end, few suggestions to enhance entrepreneurship spiritamong students are presented.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing farmers´ entrepreneurial spirit. Statistical population of this research consisted of farmers under extension and agricultural services of Kermanshah (N=24391). A random systematic sampling method was used to sellect 185 farmers applying Cochran's formula. The main tool to collect data was a researcher made questionnaire based on Indian Institutional Entrepreneurial Spirit Development. Content validity of the questionnaire was approved, by a panel of experts, and its reliability, was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.85). Descriptive analysis performed in two sections using SPSS Win20. Results showed that for the respondents, having information about a new business, farmer´s financial resources, ability to plan for the future, being able to get a loan and market access are the most important factors in development of entrepreneurial spirit for the farmers. Results offactor analysis showed that four factors as: personality, economic, environmental and institutional, explained 69.5 percent of the variance in the entrepreneurial spirit variables.