جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "همبستگی صفات" در نشریات گروه "منابع طبیعی"

To evaluate the morphological diversity of some almond cultivars and genotypes, an experiment was carried out on 35 Iranian and foreign almond genotypes. Thirty-eight quantitative and qualitative characteristics of nuts and kernels of almond trees were evaluated. Analysis of variance and means comparisons showed that all of the characteristics in examined cultivars were significant, showing high variability in these cultivars and their characteristics. Results of simple correlation analysis indicated the existence of significant, positive and negative correlations among some important traits. Cluster analysis showed that, in Euclidean distance of 15, all cultivars and genotypes divided in to 2 main branches. With decrease in Euclidean distance from 25 to 5, the cultivars and genotypes were divided to 8 main subclusters. Cluster analysis showed that nut length, kernel length, kernel weight, nut weight, shell thickness and hardness, dispermous kernel percentage, patterns of outer shell and suture opening of shell were the main characteristics that separated the genotypes. According to results, ‘Shahrood 13’ ,‘Shahrood 21,‘Shahrood 6’, ‘Sefied’, ‘Premorski’, ‘Yalda’, ‘Shahrood 10’, ‘Shahrood 12’, ‘Mamaei’, ‘Shahrood  7’, cultivars, and also ‘AIM2’, ‘AIM1’, ‘GM1‘, AHN2’,‘AHN1’, and ‘AHYU’ genotypes were better than other cultivars and genotypes.

This research was conducted to determine the characteristics and germplasm grouping of different genotypes of apples grown in Sistan and Baluchestan province. 25 apple genotypes were collected from four regions of Hamoon, Bonjar, Imamieh and Zahedan and morphological and pomological traits were evaluated. Comparison of means of data showed that there was a genetic diversity between the genotypes in terms of quantitative traits, especially the annual shoot diameter, leaf blade length, width of the eye socket and pedicel cavity, pedicel thickness and length, and fruit length and width. The means for these traits were higher in Zahedan genotype than that of Zabol genotypes. In terms of pomological traits, the genotypes had a considerable diversity. Correlation analysis between traits showed a positive and significant correlation between pedicel thickness with pedicel length (0.65), fruit width (0.76), fruit weight (0.48) and also between annual shoots diameter (0.61) with the width of the eye socket (0.83), depth of eye basin (0.84) and fruit length (0.72).

In order to group and compare 100 almond seed genotypes in Malayer region, 65 different quantitative and qualitative attributes related to vegetative and fruit traits of nut and kernel were measured based on the almond descriptor. Based on the results obtained some of the traits like the habit of tree growth, marking of outer shell, the durability of the outer layer of the outer shell, the opening of the outer shell, the presence of an extra edge of the nut, the time of leaves fall in the autumn, the percentage of twin kernels, the amount of leaf phosphorus and taste of the kernel had a high coefficient of variation. Simple correlation coefficients between traits showed that there were some vegetative, nut and kernel measured traits have a positive or negative correlation. Significant positive correlation between the ratio of length to width of the kernel and the shape of the nut (r= 0.60), the outer shell thickness and the softness and hardness of the outer shell (r = 0.65) existed. The cluster analysis divided the genotypes into two main groups at 15 Euclidean distances and the most important factors in the separation of genotypes from each other are the outer shell thickness, the outer layer thickness of the outer shell, the softness and hardness of the outer shell. With decrease in the Euclidean distance from 15 to 5, genotypes were divided into six main groups. Among the important factors were the separation of traits such as fruit ripening, nut shape, outer shell thickness, softness and hardness of the crust and the percentage of twin kernel. Factor analysis reduced the assessed traits to 11 main factors, justifying 61.17 percent of total variation. The traits related to the nut and kernel had the greatest effect on the separation of cultivars and genotypes. According to the results, there is a good genetic variation in almond genotypes in this region which can be used in almond breeding programs.

Evaluation of genetic diversity among populations, cultivars and genotypes is the first step in breeding programs. For this reason, identification and introducing the superior genotypes is very important in development of improved walnut gardens. In the present study genetic diversity of 33 seed- genotype of walnut located in the Agriculture Research Station of Malayer University were evaluated using some morphological and pomological traits for identifying superior genotypes. Based on the results, a significant difference was found among different genotypes regarding the studied traits. Time of leaf bud burst in MKG112, MKG65 and MKG105 genotypes were later than other genotypes. The highest kernel percentage and kernel weight with 67.51% and 5.94 g were found in MSG15. The lowest shell weight with 3 g was observed in MKG82 genotype. Also, MKG105 genotype had the highest nut weight with 33.80 g. The highest (72.95%) and lowest (51.93%) oil percentage was related to MSG15 and MKG46 genotypes, respectively. Simple correlation coefficients between traits indicated the existence of significant, positive as well as negative correlations among some important vegetative, nut and kernel traits. Cluster analysis at Euclidean distance of 5, divided all genotypes into five main branches. Factor analysis reduced the assessed traits to 11 main factors justifying 71.01 % of total variation. Based on the results, genotypes including; MKG11, MKG12, MSG15, MKG16, MKG36, MKG41, MKG44, MKG45, MKG55, MKG65, MKG105, MKG111, MKG112 and MKG114 for some of the important traits such as nut and kernel characters, were better than other genotypes. These desirable genotypes can be used in walnut breeding programs.