جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « humic acid » در نشریات گروه « منابع طبیعی »

Cultivation of rhubarb (Rheum ribes) plant is increasing rapidly all over the world. The need to cultivate these plants according to the nutritional value is fully felt. The most important issue for the production of agricultural plants is the choosing appropriate method to propagate them. Germination is one of the critical stages in the growth cycle of plants. Germination plays a major role in determining the final growth and density of the plant. Low and irregular germination is one of the main problems of reproduction of many medicinal plants. Considering that biological stimuli can improve seed germination and minimize soil pollution, they are environmentally friendly and suitable for producing of organic crops. The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of seed priming with some biostimulants such as humic acid and extract of bean and chickpea sprout on germination indices and seedling growth parameters of rhubarb plant        

An experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design with three replications to investigate the influence of seed priming with some biostimulants such as humic acid and extract of black-eyed bean and chickpea sprout on germination indices (germination percentage, germination speed, seed vigour and allometric coefficient) and seedling growth parameters (length, and dry and fresh weight of plumule and radicle) of rhubarb plant. Black-eyed bean and chickpea sprouts were separately milled in a fresh state and their powder was mixed with distilled water twice in a 50 to 50 weight ratio, and then mixed. The prepared sprout extracts were considered as 100% mother extract and different concentrations (10%, 20% and 30%) of experimental extract were prepared from mother extract. Humic acid was prepared at three different concentrations including 1, 5 and 10 g L-1, and distilled water was also used as control treatment. After soaking the seeds in prepared biostimulants for 24 h, they were sown in the plastic pots. The number of germinated seeds was counted every three days until the end of the period (50 d). At the end of the experiment, the length, and dry and fresh weight of plumule and radicle were measured.

The results showed that the effect of all three treatments on germination indices of rhubarb seeds was significant. There was significant difference between humic acid 10 g L-1 and bean extract 10% with the control in terms of seed germination percentage. Also, there was a significant difference between chickpea extract 10% and the control in terms of allometric coefficient. Bean extract 30% increased the length of plumule, but on the other hand, this trait decreased in seeds treated with chickpea 10% comparing to control. In terms of radicle length, there was significant difference between humic acid 5 and 10 g L-1 with the control. Application of humic acid 5 and 10 g L-1 increased the radicle length. Using chickpea sprout extract 10% caused a 28% decrease in the germination rate, and using chickpea sprout extract 20% caused 22% decrease in this trait. Priming with bean extract 10% caused 10 and 21% decrease in plumule length and germination speed, and the other treatments of bean and chickpea extracts did not have a significant effect on germination indices. Seed priming with humic acid at a concentration of 10 g L-1 increased the germination rate by 8% and germination speed by 12.5%. Studies have shown that treatment with humic acid can positively affect cellular metabolism, photosynthetic rate, amino acids biosynthesis rate and phyto-hormones content leading to improving growth rate and qualitative and quantitative characteristics of crops.

According to the results of the current study, humic acid 10 g L-1 was the best treatment to improve germination indices and growth parameters of rhubarb plant. Therefore, it could be used as a priming solution for better and faster germination of rhubarb seeds. Also, the use of humic acid both in sustainable agriculture and healthy crop production is cost effective. Using this treatment could be introduced as efficient technique to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and reduce environmental pollution. Also, the results demonstrated that priming with bean and chickpea extracts could not significantly affect the most important germination indices and growth parameters of rhubarb plant.

Difficulties in seed germination for many medicinal plants have led to significant limitations in cultivating these plants in managed ecosystems, such as agricultural lands, where they are grown in large areas with a uniform green surface. Given the necessity for medicine production, the raw materials used should possess superior quality and minimum pollution. It seems that investigating the effectiveness of Sesbania rostrata seed priming techniques with biological fertilizers, such as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, and organic fertilizers, such as humic acid and fulvic acid, is essential, because these fertilizers are compatible with natural ecosystems and align with sustainable agricultural policies. Hence, this research was conducted to investigate the effect of Sesbania rostrata seeds priming with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as well as fulvic and humic acid (extracted from Oriental plane tree biochar) on the indices of seed germination and seedling growth.

In-vitro cultivation was carried out in a factorial and completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications in a total of 36 experimental units. The first factor, which was implemented at three levels, included seed priming with distilled water (control), humic acid, and fulvic acid; and the second factor, which was implemented at three levels, included seed priming with physiological serum (control), as well as Staphylococcus sp. R38N2 and Pseudomonas sp. R27N7 bacteria strains. Ten surface-sterilized seeds were placed on a filter paper inside each petri dish. Then, the treatments were added to the experimental units and placed in the germinator at a temperature of 25±2 degrees Celsius. Germinated seeds were counted daily from 13 to 30 days after the start of the experiment.

Results showed that fulvic acid- physiological serum was the best treatment compared to the control in terms of improvement of all measured traits. This treatment increased the seed germination indices, including seed germination percentage, germination rate, mean daily germination, peak value, germination value and seedling vigor I and II by 2, 4.5, 2, 3.19, 7.13, 5.66, and 18.96 times, respectively. In addition, it reduced mean germination time by 24.46%. Additionally, seedling growth indices including seedling height, shoot height, root length, and seedling dry weight were increased by 7.44, 20.32, 4.74, and 9.5 times, respectively.

Fulvic acid-physiological serum treatment was found to be the most effective in enhancing all indicators of seed germination and seedling growth in Sesbania rostrata, when compared to the control. Furthermore, the following treatments were ranked right after each other for their ability to enhance seed germination and seedling growth in Sesbania rostrata: fulvic acid-Pseudomonas sp. R27N7, distilled water-Staphylococcus sp. R38N2, humic acidStaphylococcus sp. R38N2, and fulvic acid-Staphylococcus sp. R38N2.

Conventional agriculture has altered the dynamic balance of agroecosystems by decreasing soil fertility, reducing biodiversity, and putting human and animal health at risk due to chemical residue in agricultural products. To reduce these negative environmental impacts, sustainable agricultural systems have been promoted to protect resources and biodiversity. One of the effective strategies is the integrated management of organic and chemical fertilizers in sustainable agricultural systems. Flax is an oil plant of the Linaceae family, which is extensively used in the modern pharmaceutical and food industries. Flax seeds contain protein and oil. Considering the negative effect of the excessive use of chemical fertilizers on the quality of medicinal and oil plants, most food and pharmaceutical companies prefer materials derived from sustainable and organic systems. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of integrated application of organic and chemical fertilizers on yield components, yield, and oil content of flax.

The field experiment was laid out in 2018-2019 growing seasons at the Research field of the University of Kurdistan, Iran (longitude 47° 18' E, the latitude of 35° 19' N and 1865 m altitude). The region has a semi-arid climate according to the Köppen climate classification. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with ten treatments and three replications. The experimental treatments included control, chemical fertilizer, farmyard manure, digested fertilizer, humic acid, farmyard manure + humic acid, digested fertilizer + humic acid, chemical fertilizer + humic acid, farmyard manure + chemical fertilizer, and digested fertilizer + chemical fertilizer. Each experimental plot consisted of six rows, 4 m long and at 35 cm row spacing. The amount of manure, urea, superphosphate triple, and digested fertilizer was 10 ton/ha, 150 kg/ha, 50 Kg/ha and 4 ton/ha respectively. Fifty percent of fertilizers were applied in the integrated treatments. The concentration of humic acid was 0.5 per thousand. The site was irrigated immediately after sowing the seeds and a drip irrigation system was used once a week. Weeding was done by hand as required. Quantitative traits were measured at the maturity stage.  Seed samples were collected after the harvest process. To extract the flax oil, a Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane solvent was used. The obtained data underwent analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SAS statistical software (SAS Version 9.1), where means were compared using LSD.

The results showed that treatments had a significant effect on the most measured traits in this study. The integrated treatments significantly increased plant height, capsule number per plant, sub-branches number, biological yield, grain yield, oil percentage, and oil yield. The traits consisted of grain number per capsule, primary branches, and 1000 grain weight of flax were not affected by the treatments significantly. The highest value of biological yield (2440 kg/ha) and grain oil content (30%) was recorded in the integrated treatments of digested fertilizer + chemical fertilizer and digested fertilizer +humic acid, respectively. The integrated treatments of digested fertilizer + humic acid, farmyard manure + humic acid, chemical fertilizer + humic acid, humic acid, and digested fertilizer + chemical fertilizer significantly increased grain oil content by 36.66, 34.84, 29.63, 28.73, and 26.92 % compared to control, respectively. The highest value of grain yield (688.3 kg/ha) and oil yield (185.9 kg/ha) was obtained in the integrated treatment of humic acid + chemical fertilizer. The lowest of mentioned characteristics belonged to the control treatment. The integrated treatments of humic acid + chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure + chemical fertilizer significantly increased grain yield by 30.46 and 29.43% compared to control, respectively. The integrated treatment of chemical fertilizer + humic acid increased oil yield by 19.39, 33.69, 30.01, and 19.64 % compared to chemical fertilizer, farmyard manure, digested fertilizer, and humic acid, respectively. Environmental conditions and plant nutrition are effective factors on the growth and yield of crops. It can be said that combined treatment increased the positive effect of organic fertilizers and there were synergistic interactions between them.

The integrated treatments of organic and chemical fertilizers improved the flax characteristics compared to chemical fertilizers application singly. Overall reasonable management of fertilizers not only improved flax yield but only protected environmental safety.

I order to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers in the production process of fruit and increase the quality and yield the use of organic fertilizers is of great importance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a number of organic fertilizers on some morpho-physiological traits of grapes. The experiment included the application of organic fertilizers which were applied in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications in three locations (garden) during two consecutive years. Animal manure (at three levels of 0 (control), 10 and 20 kg / ha), humic acid (at three levels of 0 (control), 5 and 10 kg) and folic acid (three levels of 0 (control), 5 and 10 kg) were the treatments. The results showed that the main effects and interaction effects of organic fertilizers were significant on all measured traits (18 trait) including fruit dry matter, sugar content, pH of fruit juice, leaf area index, berry weight, number of berries, berry size, cluster size, and cluster weight. According to the results, higher concentrations of all three organic fertilizers used in this study had higher positive effects on final yield and yield components, especially the number of inflorescences per cluster and the number of spikes.  Simultaneous application of 20 ton/ha animal manure, 10 kg/ha humic acid and 5 kg/ha folic acid is recommended as a desirable combination in vineyards. Due to the effects of location on measured traits under organic fertilizer treatments, it is necessary to investigate the stability of these results through standard methods and tests.

An experiment based on CRD design with three replications was conducted in 2014 year, in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The experimental treatments included 7 types of eco-friendly inputs: Humic acid, Fulvic acid, Nitroxin (contains Azotobacter spp. And Azospirillum spp. Bacterias), Biophosphorous (contains Bacillus sp. And Pseudomonas sp. bacterias), Biosulfur (contains Thiobacillus spp. Bacteria), Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, and control. The results showed that organic acids of humic and fulvic increased germination percentage 25 and 20% and germination rate 58 and 33% compared to control, respectively. Germination percentage was 20, 25, and 24% more in biofertilizers of nitroxin, biophosphorous and biosulfur compared to control, respectively and germination rate under application of this fertilizers added 59, 24, and 50% compared to control, respectively. Humic acid, fulvic acid, nitroxin, biophosphorous, biosulfur, Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices reduced mean germination time 33, 35, 38, 19, 36, 36, and 16% compared to control, respectively. The highest radicle and plumule length obtained in treatment of humic acid and the highest radicle to plumule length observed in treatment of biosulfur. Fulvic acid increased radicle and plumule dry weight 51 and 38% compared to control, respectively. The highest and the lowest radicle to plumule dry weight obtained in treatments of Glomus intraradices (0.199) and control (0.124), respectively.

In order to reduce the effects of salinity on germination and growth of Khuzestani savory by humic acid, two experiments were performed. The first experiment was done by priming the seeds with zero concentrations, 20, 40 and 60 mg / l of humic acid (H1, H2, H3 and H4, respectively) and germinating them in zero salinity (distilled water), 50, 25, 75 and 100 mM اNaCl (S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5, respectively) in petri dishes. In the second experiment in the greenhouse, humic acid at zero, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg / kg soil (H1, H2, H3, H4 and H5, respectively) and salinity stress including zero, 50, 25, 75 and 100 mM sodium chloride (S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5, respectively). The results of the first experiment showed that germination percentage and rate were decreased by increasing in salinity, While, germination rate and percentage were improved by humic acid priming. Salinity also decreased the growth characteristics in pot experiment. While humic acid led to the improvement of these growth traits. With increasing salinity, electrolyte leakage increased, but it was reduced by humic acid. The positive results of using humic acid in reducing the harmful effects of salinity, in addition to laboratory (seed priming) were also proven in pots (soil application). Therefore, in general, according to the positive results of this study on improving the germination and growth indices of Khuzestani savory plant, the use of humic acid can be recommended to reduce the adverse effects of salinity.

With the aim of investigation of Humic and biological fertilizer sources together with nitrogen fertilizer on corm production on Torbat Heydarieh landrace, an experiment was conducted in research farm of University of Torbat Heydarieh in 2015-2016. The experiment consisted 18 treatments in which main factor was three levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 25, 50 kg/ha as urea) and sub factor was application of Biumic (micronutrients and acid humic), Super humic, Superhumic+Biumic, Humiful (acid humic), Nitrokara (nitrogen, phosphorus-soluble bacteria) and control. The experiment performed as split plot layout based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Results demonstrated that application of nitrogen had the significant effect on fresh weight and fresh yield of replacement corms. In 25 kg nitrogen treatment the fresh weight and fresh yield of replacement corms increased 5.6 and 8.2 percent in compared to control, respectively. In Super humic+Biumic treatment the fresh and dry weight of replacement corms increased 61.5 and 60.2 percent in compared to control, respectively. All of resource treatments significantly enhanced number of replacement corm. Overall, it seems that nitrogen fertilizer using had not considerable impact on corm traits, but employing of Humic and biological fertilizer could be very important on saffron corm production.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of seed coating with combinations of micronutrients, stimulants and growth regulators on emergence, plant establishment and early stages of sugar beet growth. This study was carried out in greenhouse conditions at Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2018. Experiment was conducted as factorial in a completely randomized design with three replications. Seed washing (washing and not-washing), varity (Shekofa-Persian) and various combinations of micronutrients, stimulants and growth regulators which contains 5 were treated with a control (no cover-up) were the experimental factors. Comparison of the mean data from the experiment showed that among the sugar beet monogerm hybrids, Pars hybrid was superior in terms of establishment percentage. The results of this study showed that seed coating after washing increased the efficiency of sugar beet seed coating treatments. Among different treatments, seed coating treatments 1 [Zn+Mn+B (9, 16.5 and 8.5 g/ kg-1 seed Respectively)+ Gibberellic acid+ Ethylene+ Salicylic acid (1.2, 2 and 0.35 mL/ kg-1 seed, Respectively)] and 2 [Zn+Mn+B (9, 16.5 and 8.5 g/ kg-1 seed Respectively)+ Amino acid+ Humic acid + Seaweed extract (8, 12 and 12 g / kg-1 seed, Respectively)] had the most effect on accelerating emergence and improvement of seedling growth and maximum chlorophyll index and quantum yield of photosystem II were observed in these treatments.

Arctium lappa is a medicinal plant of Asteraceae. Seeds have a little germination due to seed dormancy. In order to break dormancy and increase the germination of its seeds an experiment with 28 treatments in a completely randomized design with four replications (25 seeds). Treatments were consisting of chemical scarification with sulfuric acid solution 98% for 10 and 20 min, hormone treatments of 24 and 48 hours of Gibberellic acid (GA3) (300 & 500 ppm), moist prechilling for 7 and 14 days at +5 °C temperature, and combined moist prechilling and hormonal treatments, hot water (70 °C, for 10 and 15 min.) humic acid (54 kg/L). Results showed that the effect of treatments on percentage and rate germination of Arctium lappa was significant (P≤%5). The maximum coleoptile length, radicle length, seedling length, germination percentage and germination ratio was related to 14 days moist prechilling treatment with GA3 (500 ppm- 48h) (98/78 %). On the basis of the results and with regard to the negative effect of H2SO4 and hot water on the consequential growth of seedlings, usage of 14 days moist prechilling accompanied with application of GA3 was appropriate.

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of time and integrated application of urea and humic acid on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in rain-fed condition in 2013 at Joghatai, Khorasan-e-Razavi province, Iran. Treatment was arranged as factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design with three replications. Factors were fives combination of urea and humic acid (100% urea, 25% urea+75%humic acid, 50%urea +50%humic acid, 75%urea+25%humic acid and 100% humic acid) and times of foliar application (vegetative and vegetative+flowering). Urea 1% and humic acid (2 lit.ha-1) was used for foliar application. Result showed that interaction between time and integrated application had significant effect on number of lateral branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, plant height, economic and biological yield. The greatest economic yield was achieved in combination of 75% Urea+25% humic acid at vegetative stage and combination of 25% Urea+75% humic acid at vegetative+flowering stage. Increasing of urea fertilizer at combination in vegetative stage increased number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, plant height, seed weight and number of lateral branches while it decreased these traits on vegetative+flowering stage. In both times, integrated application of humic acid and urea fertilizer had greater yield and yield components compared with two fertilizers alone. Overall results indicated that once spraying with the mixture of 75% nitrogen and 25% humic acid is better than other treatments to achieve good economic yield in dry conditions.