جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "زئولیت" در نشریات گروه "آبخیزداری، بیابان، محیط زیست، مرتع"

The present research on Lycium depressum stocks aims to study the vegetative responses (leaf area, leaf specific weight, leaf specific area, dry weight ratio of root to shoot, dry weight of leaf, stem, and root) of the pasture shrub of Kam Tigh against drought stress and the effect of soil amendment on these responses. 

 The experiment was conducted in a factorial design based on a completely randomized design, including the main irrigation treatment at four levels (100, 75, 50, and 25% of crop capacity) and sub-treatment of soil conditioners under semi-controlled greenhouse conditions. The experiment involved five repetitions and 160 pots for each combined irrigation and soil amendment treatment. Sub-treatments of soil conditioners, including Stacosorb hydrogel, were added at 3 grams per kilogram of soil in each pot in the lower part of the plant roots. Mineral Zeolite in 8 grams per pot was placed in the lower part of the plant roots. Nitrobacter was added in the amount of 3 cc in each pot in the upper root area of the plant. Mycorrhiza at 10 grams per pot was added to the lower plant roots. 

Generally, a significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in all irrigation levels between the treatments in each soil amendment material. In zeolite with mycorrhiza, the highest stem dry weight and leaf-specific weight were obtained at a 50% irrigation level. With the increase in leaf-specific gravity and drought stress, plant dry weight increased, and proline content decreased in Nitrobacter and mycorrhizal treatment, which differed from the treatment. Measurements of leaf area revealed that leaf area decreased from 1450 mm2 in 100% and 75% irrigation to 900 mm2 in 25% irrigation. This indicated the impact of drought stress on the leaf area. The highest specific weight of leaves at 25% irrigation was related to Nitrobacter with mycorrhiza. This modifier increased the specific weight of leaves from 0.0025 g/m2 at 100% irrigation level to 0.0028 g/m2 at 25% irrigation level. Leaf surface area in Nitrobacter treatment with mycorrhiza during 100% irrigation decreased from 400 mm2/g to 350 mm2/g during 25% irrigation. In hydrogel treatment without mycorrhiza, the dry weight ratio of root to shoot at 100% irrigation level declined from 2 grams to 1.4 grams in 25% irrigation. The dry weight of the leaf decreased from 1.4 g in 100% irrigation to 1.3 g in 25% irrigation. 

Biofertilizers enhance plant resistance to drought stress by improving vegetative characteristics. Nitrobacter treatments without mycorrhiza, hydrogel, and zeolite with mycorrhiza are recommended for planting this plant due to improved growing conditions. Since the Kam Tig plant is considered a medicinal plant, it can be used as a soil conditioner in the pharmaceutical and medical industries. This will enable better cultivation of the species. All organizations related to the cultivation of Kam Tig species can use the results of this research to enhance cultivation projects.

The application of growth-facilitator materials to improve germination, early establishment, and plants growth can increase the success of rangeland improvement, planting, and pasture construction projects. In addition, growth facilitators can improve the quantity and quality of vegetation cover and production in dry-farming lands by increasing the success of cultivating forage plants. Therefore, it's critical to focus on the utilization of growth facilitators that are both accessible and cost-effective. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of zeolite, bentonite and potassium nanochelate treatments on the growth of Trifolium repens in the greenhouse so that if the positive effects of these facilitators are proven, these materials can be used in rangeland improvement operations.

This study was performed to investigate the effect of zeolite (2, 4 and 6 g/kg), potassium nanochelate (30, 60 and 90 mg/kg), bentonite (2, 4 and 6 g/kg) and composition of potassium nanochelate + zeolite (2+30, 60+4 and 90+6) on the growth characteristics of Trifolium repens in the greenhouse. The study was conducted as a factorial with three replications using a completely randomized design. To conduct the research, the required soil was collected from 5 random points of rangelands in Fandaghloo region located 35 km from Ardabil city. Soil samples were taken from the rooting depth of rangeland plants (0- 30 cm). The soil samples were combined next, and the root, stone, and pebble components were separated using a 4 mm sieve before being mixed with the treatments and then placed into pots. At the end of growth season, height, volume, fresh and dry weight of shoots, root fresh and dry weight, root volume, root length, percentage of establishment, total chlorophyll index, electrolyte leakage, leaf relative water content and membrane stability index were measured. Duncan's test was used to compare the means and one-way ANOVA was utilized to explore the influence of facilitators.

The results of one-way ANOVA showed that the effect of treatments (zeolite, bentonite, potassium nanochelate and combination of potassium nanochelate + zeolite) on fresh and dry weight of shoots, fresh and dry weight of roots, root length, root volume, root area and the percentage of seedling establishment was significant. So that, the highest amount of fresh and dry weight of areal parts (26.83, 88.59 g), root area (61.44 cm2) and root volume (50.00 ml) in the treatment of potassium nanochelate 90 mg/kg + zeolite 6 g/kg was observed. The highest amount of fresh root weight (56.48 g) was observed in the treatment of potassium nanochelate 60 mg/kg + zeolite 4 g/kg. Root dry weight (25.21 g) showed the highest value in nanochelat 90 mg/kg. The highest increase in plant establishment (83.31%) was caused by Bentonite 4 g/kg. Chlorophyll index (46.53) showed the highest value in potassium nanochelate 30 mg/kg. The bentonite treatment of 4 g/kg provided the largest percentage of leaf relative water content, which was around 31% greater than the control.

In general, the most effective treatment for enhancing growth factors and increasing production of Trifolium repens was the combination of potassium nanochelate and zeolites facilitators. It seems that due to the need of T. repens for potassium and on the other hand, the uptake and retention of potassium particles by zeolite and consequently its uptake by the plant during the growth period, has increased the growth and production of this plant. As a result, this treatment has benefited both the shoots and roots of T. repens. So, the treatments indicated above can be employed in pasture construction and rangeland improvement by planting T. repens as a monoculture or in combination with grasses.

This experiment was conducted as a split-plot factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the medicinal plants' farm of Islamic Azad University in 2017. In this experiment, water stress was considered as the main factor in four levels of irrigation including 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of the plant water requirement in the main plots. In addition, the application of different levels of zeolite (including no application of zeolite, two, four, six tons per hectare), as well as application of salicylic acid at two levels (0.5 and 1 mM) were considered as secondary factors in the form of factorial on subsidiary plots. The results showed that the effect of different levels of water stress on the traits such as plant height, number of lateral branches, plant wet weight, leaf area index, number of flowers in inflorescence was significant at 1% and on plant dry weight was significant at 5%. Salicylic acid application was also significant on some traits such as flower number in inflorescence, leaf area and dry weight at the probability level of 1%, and on plant volume and wet weight at 5% level. In addition, the effect of different levels of zeolite application was significant on plant height, number of lateral branches, wet weight, dry weight, leaf area index, number of flower in inflorescence at 1% level.

In this study, the effects of Mianeh Zeolite and Taravat® A200 polymer on moisture content and available water content of a coarse-textured soil were investigated. Mianeh zeolite was applied at four levels (0%, 2%, 5%, and 8% on weight basis) and Taravat® A200 polymer was applied at 5 levels to the soil in a completely randomized experiment with 3 replications. Soil moisture content was determined at suctions of 0, 5, 7.5, 10, 33, 100, 500, and 1500 kPa using hanging water columns and pressure plate apparatus. The water retention curve model of Campbell (1974) was fitted to soil data. Results showed that both soil conditioners enhanced soil moisture content at measured soil suctions. The addition of more conditioner caused a larger response of soil. For example, application of 8% zeolite elevated the volumetric filed capacity from 11% to 13% and therefore increased available water content by 2% compared to the control. Also, addition of 0.2% A200 polymer increased the available water content by 6%. In addition, soil conditioners modified the shape of the moisture characteristic curve of the soil and influenced the parameters of water retention model in a manner exhibiting reduced water release rates plus the added benefit of an additive and/or a synergistic effect. For instance, simultaneous application of 5% Mianeh zeolite and 0.2% Taravat A200 polymer increased e from 0.21 to 2.00 and decreased  from 7.37 to 5.40 and thereby increased the available water content by 7%. Simultaneous application of these amendments is possible and may reduce the needed water and/or increase irrigation intervals. Simultaneous application is also cheaper and probably will prevent plant root damage.