جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « اهداف » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

A strategic plan is the result of strategic planning work for strategic management in which several topics and components are defined, explained or prescribed. An important part of the strategic plan is the explanation of the benefits, which, in addition to the necessary guidance for carrying out activities, identifying the expected results and the possibility of success in achieving the desired situation, will also determine the direction and meaning of the activities. These benefits, which are presented in the form of goals and vision, can bring the expected quality and effectiveness in the implementation and execution of the plan as best as possible. In the strategic plan for the protection of the key infrastructures of the metropolises, one of the main elements of the plan has been proposed in the form of explaining the goals and vision, which according to their importance, using the descriptive-analytical method and the use of documentary and library studies, questionnaires, interviews and interaction. The necessary data has been collected and analyzed in collaboration with elites in the field of urban infrastructure. In this research, in order to formulate the objectives and draw the vision of the project from the perspective of having the right features for a desirable vision, after reviewing the upstream documents in the field of infrastructure protection and using the opinions of experts, the necessary concepts related to them have been extracted, analyzed, validated and prioritized.

Landscape architecture is a multidimensional approach that experts definit various aspects for it. Also, it is a interdisciplinary profession that find its way by interaction with different sciences. Cultural and natural environment, leisure times, visual arts, humanities sciences, technical sciences that are related to the nature understanding, plant species, infrastructures and many other fields are used in a target and arranged process for achieving the theory of landscape architecture. because of involving numerous variables parameters, academic review of this field has so many complexities. Despite of existing of researches that have been done in related to the landscape architecture dimentions and its qualities, there is a few specific methods and frameworks for checking the studies of this field yet. So this article is codified in the same line with this issue and the aim of it, is recognition of major tools that are related to analysing of different dimentions of landscape. It wants to make regular and arranged the studies of landscape field approximately. Analysis tools mentioned in the article are collected with reference to previous studies and then are catogorized based on their studing subject in the framework of mentioned objects for the landscape architecture. After a brief introduction of some tools, finally five case of them inclusive of LAA, VIA, EIA, SEA, SIA with aesthetics, environmental and sociocultural subjects and are more comprehensive are studied more. Characteristics of each tool in terms of methods and techniques to advance the process are described. finally we have an comparative checking between tools of an object to better understanding and ease selection. The conclusion of this article is determiner of a framework for classifing and introduction of existing methods of landscape analysing based on objects, tools and analysis techniques and can be a base article in the field of different dimentions of landscape studies.

Architectural programming, as a realm in the design process, is considered to be one of the most valuable assets of the design research. Through the use of architectural programming, a designer becomes familiar with different issues of the project and establishes his/her goals to produce an appropriate design solution. An ideal design solution requires a thorough understanding about the needs of the users, the environment, and the context of the project. An architectural programmer utilizes these data in a systematic order to analyze, synthesize, and evaluate design ideas. Although articles and discussions about architectural programming did not start formally until the latter part of the 1960’s, during the discussions about demolishing the Pruitt Igoe residential project, one could suggest that programming has always been part of the design process throughout the history of architecture. This article reviews different characteristics of programming and its benefits for the design process. Four major benefits of programming include: 1- earlier time to design, 2- more efficient use of sources, 3- diminishing mistakes, 4- the correct use of man and environmental forces. The article also introduces a case study conducted by 22 graduate students of architecture at the University of Tehran, using Donna Duerk’s programming model on a project: Revitalizing A City Block on Enghelab Street - between the Enghelab Square and the Vali-Asr Intersection - in Tehran. For their studies, students started with a research to identify the shortcomings of that street to respond to the physical as well as perceptual needs of the users. Different issues were examined and three categories were developed: 1- Circulation: looking at pedestrian as well as vehicular issues; 2- The built environment (investigating about the problems with building facades, land-use planning, and the lack of green spaces); 3- The natural environment (considering the macro as well as micro climatic issues). In order to use Duerk’s model, students were required to introduce a “mission”, set some “goals” to overcome the identified problems, and investigate about the “performance requirement” (PR) necessary to reach those goals, and produce some “concepts” to provide an architectural solution for each PR. In Duerk’s model, a “mission” defines the special purpose that a project must fulfill; a project “goal” relates only to the outcome desired for the project; a “performance requirement” is a statement about the measurable level of function that a designed object must provide for a goal to be met; and a “concept” is an idea about the appropriate relationship between parts of a project. Considering the growing number of issues facing an architectural problem today, programming could be used as a systematic tool to mange those issues and produce appropriate solutions. The author recommends that since the use of programming could enhance the quality of architectural design, schools of architecture, particularly in Iran, should include such programming courses in their undergraduate as well as graduate curriculums.